人教版新目标八年级下册英语unit1-5复习提纲 Unit1 What’s the matter?
询问某人的健康问题以及遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达： 提建议：should do / shouldn’t do应该/不应该干某事
What’s the matter (with sb)? / What’s wrong (with sb)? / What happened (to sb)? What’s the trouble (with sb)? / What’s the problem (with sb)? / Are you OK?/ Is there anything wrong with sb?
表达身体疼痛或不舒服： sb have / has a fever ( cold, cough, the flu)
sb have / has a..—ache( headache, toothache, stomachache, backache, an earache) sb have/ has a sore throat (back, arm , foot ,eyes) There is something wrong with one’s +身体部位 I don’t feel well.(这里的well是形容词，健康的)
Let’s +动词原形./ What (How) about doing sth ? / Why not ( Why don’t you ) do? You’d better do / You’d better not do 最好干某事/最好不要干某事
too much + 不可数名词 :too much homework 动词+too much : talk too much too many+可数名词复数： too many students much too + adj/ adv : much too tired
hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 (这里的with是后置定语，修饰tea)
get an X-ray 照X光 see a dentist看牙医 = go to a dentist take one’s temperature量体温 put some medicine on it 上药 take breaks= take a break = have a rest 休息一下
lie down躺下 go to a doctor看医生 in the same way以同样的方式 hurt oneself伤着自己
away from ：远离 Stay away from fire.远离火
A地离B地的具体距离 具体的距离+away from : My home is 500 meters away from my school.
Far from：A地离B地很远 My home is far from my school.(具体多远不知道)
lie 动词，躺、位于， 过去式lay , 过去分词lain, 现在分词lying 动词，说谎， 过去式lied, 过去分词lied, 现在分词lying 名词，谎言 tell a lie = tell lies说谎
lay 动词，下蛋，产卵，放置 ，过去式laid, 过去分词laid, 现在分词laying
see sb doing sth看见某人正在干某事 see sb do sth看见某人干某事的全过程
shout for help 大声呼救 shout at sb对某人大喊大叫 shout to sb对某人大声说话
without thinking twice毫不犹豫，不假思索 get on 上车 get off 下车（大型交通工具） get into / get out of (电梯、出租车等小型交通工具) to one’s surprise另某人吃惊的是 expect sb to do sth期待某人干某事 expect sb not to do sth期待某人不要干某事
agree to do sth同意干某事 thanks to 多亏了，幸亏= because of = with the help of in time 及时 on time 按时，准时 get into trouble 陷入困境，惹麻烦 right away=right now = at once立即马上 fall down倒塌，跌倒
think of想起，认为 think about 考虑 think about doing sth考虑干某事
think over 仔细考虑 hit sb in / on +身体部位（软的部位用in,硬的部位用on）
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run it under water用水冲洗 put a bandage on it 用绷带包扎
Knives are used to cut things. sick& ill
sick 形容词，可作定语，修饰名词，如： a sick girl ; 也可作表语，如： She is sick. ill形容词，一般只作表语，不做定语 She is ill. ( ill作定语修饰名词，指坏的=bad)
have trouble (in) doing sth = have problems/difficulty (in) doing sth干某事有麻烦/问题/ 困难 have trouble with sth= have problems with sth = have difficulty with sth在某方面有困难
be / get used to doing sth 习惯于干某事 I am used to getting up early.我习惯了早起 used to do sth过去常常干某事（暗示现在不干了） I used to get up early. (暗示现在不早起) be used to do sth被用来干某事（ 是由use sth to do sth变为被动语态而来）
look up 查阅 ，查字典 write down 写下，记下 take a risk = take risks 冒险 risk用作动词： risk + n / 代/ doing sth I am willing to risk losing everything.
because of +名词或名词性短语 because of accidents lose one’s life 失去生命 in a dangerous situation在危险的情况下 by oneself 独自，亲自
free 形容词，自由的，空闲的，免费的： Are you free? / The flower is for free. 花是免费的 动词，解放，使自由 I want to free these birds in cages.
run out 用完，耗尽，物作主语 ,即 sth run out: My money ran out soon.
run out of 用完，耗尽，=use up 人作主语，即 sb run out of sth: I ran out of my money soon.
use sth to do sth使用某物来干某事 cut off切断 climb down爬下 be ready to do sth = get ready to do sth准备好干某事 be ready for sth = get ready for sth为…做好准备
with his left arm用他的左胳膊，with 用 (用工具) We eat with chopsticks.我们用筷子吃饭。 in用（用语言，声音，材料等） Speak in English,please.
called = named 被叫做，名为…的 Do you know the girl called / named Nancy?
tell of 讲述= talk about the importance of +n/代/doing sth …的重要性 the importance of water 水的重要性 the importance of reading books 读书的重要性
make decisions作决定 make decisions to do sth作决定干某事= decide to do sth
be in control of掌管，管理 You should be in control of your own life. be out of control失去控制 the same as和…一样
die 动词， died过去式 dying现在分词，可作形容词，垂死的 dead形容词，死亡的， death 名词，死亡 keep on doing sth坚持干某事
give up 动副短语，代词放中间，用宾格： give it / them up give up doing sth放弃干某事= stop doing sth
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
动词短语：
1. 动词+介词： look at, listen to, look after( to, at, in , after, for, of, from, across,with, through)
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2. 动词+副词： pick up, take out, give away( on, off, up , down, out, away, )代词作宾语，放中间，用宾格。 3. 动词+名词+介词： take care of , take part in
4. 系动词+形容词+介词：be angry with， be different from 5. 动词+副词+介词：look forward to, catch up with
put : put on 穿上，上演 ；put off 推迟，延期 ；put up举起，张贴，搭建；put down放下 put out扑灭，熄灭；put away收起来，收好
come: come from来自； come on快点，加油； come in进来； come up with想出，想起 come out出来，出版，放映； come over过来，顺便来访
look: look at看着look after照看，照顾； look out当心； look like看起来像； look up查阅 look forward to期待，盼望
turn: turn on 打开； turn off关掉；turn up声音调大点； turn down声音调小点； cut: cut up 切碎； cut down砍伐 ； cut off切断； cut into切成
take: take after 相像； take off脱下，起飞； take part in参加； take care of照顾，照料 take out拿出，取出
clean up 打扫干净； cheer up 振作起来，使高兴起来； set up 建立 ；
help out帮助解决难题； work out解答出来，计算出，效果好； give out = hand out 分发，散发；
try out试验，参加…的选拔； dress up 打扮，乔装打扮； give away赠送； grow up 长大 ； make up 编造； give up放弃 call up=ring up打电话 pick up捡起，开车接某人，
put off doing sth推迟干某事 come up with = think up 想出 put up signs张贴标语 clean-up 名词 清洁 catch up with追上，赶上 notice: 名词，通知，通告
动词，注意到 notice sb do sth注意到某人干某事的全过程 notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在干某事
each &every:
同: each ,every后面加名词
异：1. each强调个体，every强调整体；2. each是两个或两个以上中的每一个，every是三个或三个以上的每一个； 3.each 可以和of连用，every不可以，each of+名词作主语，谓语动词用三单形式。
used to do sth过去常常干某事（暗示现在不干了）
I used to play basketball after school.
I didn’t use to play basketball after school. 或I usedn’t to play basketball after school. Did you use to play basketball after school. 或Used you to play basketball after school. Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 或 Yes, I used./ No, I usedn’t. What did you use to do? 或 What used you to do?
used to be过去是（现在不是了） I used to be a student. (现在不是学生了)
care for 照顾，照料，用于肯定句= look after= take care of
非常喜欢， 用于否定句 I don’t care for green tea.
some day有朝一日，用于将来时； one day有一天，用于过去时态或将来时态 the other day前几天，用于过去时态
lonely& alone : lonely 形容词，孤独的，寂寞的，荒凉的，有强烈的感情色彩， 可作表语，如：I feel lonely. 可作定语 ， a lonely island一座孤岛
alone 副词，修饰动词，如：live alone独自生活； 也可以用作形容词，但只能作表语，无感情色彩，强调独自，一个人，如： I was alone at home.
volunteer to do sth自愿干某事 volunteer作名词，志愿者
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so &such : so强调形容词或副词， such强调名词
1. such + a/an+ adj + 可数名词单数 ： such a clever boy
2. such +adj + 不可数名词或可数名词复数 : such bad weather / such beautiful flowers 1 .so + adj/ adv : so cute / hard
2. so+ adj+ a/ an+可数名词单数： so clever a boy = such a clever boy
3. so+many/ much/ few/ little 当名词前有many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so
a feeling of satisfaction 一种满足感 satisfaction名词，满足，满意； satisfy动词 satisfy sb使某人满意 My answer didn’t satisfy her.
satisfied形容词，满意的 be satisfied with对…满意 I am satisfied with your gift.
the owner of …的主人 ： Who is the owner of this car?
at the age of …=when sb was …years old
I could write at the age of five. = I could write when I was five years old.
try out for参加...的选拔 Fifty boys came to try out for the basketball team.
try out试验They are trying out a new teaching method.他们正在试验新的教学方法。
go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行 （journey指长途旅行，trip 指短途旅行 travel指长时间，远距离的旅行，尤指出国旅行）
at the same time同时 be busy with sth= be busy doing sth忙于干某事
打电话的表达： call sb= ring sb= call sb up = ring sb up = give sb a call= phone sb
in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间 raise money筹集资金 raise money for为…筹集资金
raise举起 = put up : raise your right hand = put up your right hand 提高 Don’t raise your voice at me. 养育 He raised a large family.
to do 不定式的用法：
1. 宾语： want / hope/ decide / wish / like / plan / try / expect to do sth 2. 宾语补足语：want / wish / expect / help / ask sb to do sth
3. 主语： It takes sb some time to do sth / It’s +adj+for sb to do sth / To see is to believe. 4. 表语：一般在系动词的后面： To see is to believe. 5. 状语：目的状语：I get up early to catch the early bus. 原因状语：I’m glad to see you.
结果状语：He is old enough to go to school. 6. 后置定语： The best way to relax is through exercise.
fix up 修理，装饰 give away 赠送 give in屈服 set up 建立
break 过去式是broke 过去分词 broken ， broken也可作形容词，损坏的，残缺的
write to sb= write a letter to sb写信给某人 hear from sb = get/receive a letter from sb收到某人的来信
thank you for doing sth = thanks for doing sth谢谢你干某事
make / find / think it +adj for sb to do sth在这个结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to do sth 使干某事对于某人来说是…的/发现干某事对于某人来说是…的/认为干某事对于某人来说是…的
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I find it difficult for me to learn English well.
make a (big/ great) difference to sb/sth对某人或某物产生了（巨大的）影响 The accident made a big difference to his life.
make no difference to sb/ sth对某人或某物没有影响It made no difference to me.
imagine +n/ 代/ doing sth I can’t imagine living without clean water. imagine+宾语从句 Imagine that you are in space.
difficulty：具体的概念，困难，难题，难事，可数名词 ，复数difficulties
抽象的困难，不可数：have difficulty (in) doing sth
a friend of mine = one of my friends a friend of hers= one of her friends a friend of my father’s = one of my friends
answer the telephone 接电话 be excited about 对…感到激动、兴奋
carry 搬，运，提，无方向性 bring带来 take 带走 get / fetch取（往返过程） 形容词+ness=名词
kind + ness= kindness, sad+ ness= sadness, ill + ness=illness , fair+ ness= fairness happy+ness= happiness
train: 名词，火车
动词，培训，训练 train sb/sth to do sth 训练某人或某物干某事 train sb / sth in 在…方面训练某人 training 名词 培训，训练
send sb sth = send sth to sb 把…寄给/送给某人 change one’s life 改变某人的生活
change作为动词，改变；作名词，意为零钱 ： Here is your change.这是你的找钱。
be interested in = take an interest in对…感兴趣 （interest 作为名词，可数，复数interests）
擅长 do well in = be good at = be strong in work out fine 效果显著
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
提出礼貌请求的句型：Could you (please) do sth？
肯定回答：Yes, sure./ Certainly/Of course/No problem / All right / OK 等。 否定回答：No, I can’t./ Sorry, I can’t./ I’m afraid I can’t等 否定结构是：Could you please not do sth?
请求对方许可的句型： Could I / we do sth? (不用Please) 肯定答： Yes, you can. 否定答： No, you can’t.
do the dishes洗碗 sweep the floor扫地 take out the rubbish倒垃圾make the bed整理床铺 fold the clothes叠衣服 clean the living room打扫客厅 get a ride搭便车
give sb a ride让某人搭便车 stay out late深夜不归 go out for dinner外出吃饭
take out 拿出，取出 Take out your English books.
work on从事 He is working on a new book.他正在从事一本新书的写作。
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人教版新目标八年级下册英语unit1-5期中复习提纲
