答案：exceeding 句意：在这期间，新增就业岗位约13,500个，超过市场分析师认为的预期数量12,000。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来的自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填exceeding。
15．(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ (range) from butterflies to elephants．
答案：ranging 句意：国家公园里有一大批的野生生物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。根据语境可知，此处用现在分词形式作定语，表示“包括(从……到……)之间的各类事物”。
16．(2017·江苏高考)Many Chinese brands, ________ (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market．
答案：having developed 句意：很多中国的品牌，历经几个世纪树立了良好声誉，正在面临来自现代市场的新挑战。develop的逻辑主语是Many Chinese brands，两者之间为主动关系，同时后面有时间状语over centuries，因此用现在分词的完成式，即having done的形式。
17．(2017·天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated．
答案：allowing 句意：这家医院近期获得了新的医疗设备，这让更多的病人可以接受治疗。allow与其逻辑主语medical equipment之间是主动关系，所以要用v．-ing形式作结果状语。
18．(2017·北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not ________ (know) where she was heading．
答案：knowing 句意：简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，不知道要去哪里。逻辑主语Jane与know之间是主动关系，且know表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，因此用现在分词knowing，表伴随。
19．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My ambassadorial duties will include ________ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia．
答案：introducing 动词include后缺宾语，需用所给动词的动名词形式作宾语。 20．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ________ (bring) your work home．
答案：to bring 句意：如果你在办公室外面发现了你喜欢做的事情，你就不太可能把工作带回家去做。be likely to do sth．“可能做某事”。
21．(2018·湖南三校联考)Former Chinese premier Zhu Rongji is said ________ (donate) nearly 40 million yuan of all of his books' royalty (版税) income over the past two years．
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答案：to have donated 由时间状语over the past two years可知，此处应用不定式的完成式。Sb． be said to have done sth． “据说某人已经做过某事”。
22．(2018·江西九江十校联考)But conservationists say that ________ (make) ivory legal to sell would lead to even more illegal hunting．
答案：making 句意：但(自然环境)保护主义者说使象牙出售合法化会导致甚至更多的非法捕猎。设空处作宾语从句的主语，表达的内容并非指某一次的具体行为，故用动名词形式作主语。因此填making。
23．(2018·河南重点高中质检)I felt hopeless and lonely, and more ________ (depress) than I knew was possible．
答案：depressed 句意：我感到绝望、孤独及前所未有过的沮丧。设空处作felt的表语，故填depressed。
24．(2019·牡丹江一中高三摸底)________ (face) with a difficult situation, Amold decided to ask his boss for advice．
答案：Faced be faced with “面对着……”；本句中应使用短语faced with ．．． 对句子主语Amold的情况进行说明，且在句中作原因状语。句意：面对着艰难的形势，Amold决定向老板征询建议。
25．(2018·江西红色七校一联)It is ________ (shock) that some investment banks even judge candidates by whether they wear brown shoes．
答案：shocking 句意：令人震惊的是：一些投资银行甚至根据申请者是否穿棕色鞋子来对他们作出评判。shocking “令人震惊的”；shocked “感到震惊的”。这两者都是分词化的形容词，v．-ing多修饰物；v．-ed多修饰人。
二、单句改错
1．(2019·昆明市高三摸底)Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night avoid human beings, a new study finds．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：avoid前加to 句意：一项新的研究发现，狮子、老虎以及其他的动物在夜间保持清醒旨在避开人类。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故avoid前加to。
2．(2019·惠州高三第一次调研)After purchase seedlings, we chose a place where the seedlings could get proper water and sunshine．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：purchase→purchasing 介词after后应跟动词-ing形式作宾语。
3．(2018·北京高考)In my first P．E． class, the teacher required us run laps and then hit a softball．
________________________________________________________________________
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答案：run前加to 根据require sb． to do sth． “要求某人做某事”可知，此处使用不定式作宾语补足语。
4．(2018·江苏高考)With a new farm bill debating in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：debating→to be debated 分析句子的结构，此处为“with＋名词＋不定式”的复合结构。分析句意，指法案将在国会进行辩论，bill与debate之间存在着被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。
5．(2018·浙江高考)Move into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Move→Moving 根据句子的结构，此处Move into a new home in a new neighborhood部分作主语，而动词短语不能直接作主语，故将Move改为Moving。
6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：wait→waiting 主语Everyone与wait之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，因此将wait改成waiting。
7．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)When being combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉being 因为逻辑主语frozen bananas与combine之间是被动关系，故状语从句省略后用过去分词combined; combine在句中逻辑主语与其并非主动关系，且无动作正在进行之意，所以省略句中不用现在分词，更无需其现在分词的被动式。故可知应删去being。
8．(2016·北京高考)Ordering over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Ordering→Ordered 句意：一周前订的书，现在这些书有望随时到达。order与主语books之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用过去分词ordered作状语。
9．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)We can choose between staying at home and take a trip． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：take→taking 句意：我们可以选择待在家里或是去旅行。between ．．． and ．．． 连接两个并列成分，前面是staying at home，所以后面用taking a
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trip。
10．(2018·江西重点中学联考)Because we had not eaten ice cream for a long time, we got very exciting．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：exciting→excited 句意：因为很长时间没有吃过冰激凌了，所以我们都非常激动。exciting “令人激动的”，修饰物；excited “感到激动的”，修饰人。
11．(2017·江苏高考)Work with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Work→Working 句意：在非洲与医疗队一起工作使她作为一名医生的最佳素质彰显了出来。因为在句中作主语，因此需用work的动名词形式working。
12．(2018·河南中原名校质检)Locating in North America, Canada is the second largest country with the largest number of lakes in the world．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Locating→Located 句意：加拿大位于北美洲，它是世界第二大国家，境内湖泊数量世界第一。此处非谓语动词作状语。be located in “位于”，在本句中，应用过去分词短语作状语。
13．(2019·桂林十八中高三月考)With nothing leaving to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：leaving→left 句意：剩下的没有什么东西可燃烧，火越来越弱最后熄灭了。句中nothing和动词leave之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词。
14．(2019·厦门一中高三月考)Offered the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony made me overjoyed．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Offered→Being offered 句意：被给予在毕业典礼上发言的机会让我欣喜若狂。本句中的made me overjoyed是“谓语＋宾语＋补足语”结构，前部分内容应该作主语，过去分词不能作主语。本句中动名词的被动式作主语。
15．(2018·郑州质检)Judged from the look of the sky, it may clear up． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Judged→Judging 句意：由天色看来，可能会放晴。judging from/by是独立结构，意为“根据……判断”。
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非谓语动词(二)
四、非谓语动词作表语
1．不定式：表示某一特定行为，尤其是将来的或有待实现的行为。 2．动名词：不强调动作，只说明动作的名称，或主语的内容。 3．现在分词：表示主语具有的特征。 4．过去分词：表示主语的感受或所处的状态。 My wish is to_be a scientist．
The reason he gave was very convincing． He is shocked at what happened to his son． 五、非谓语动词作补足语
1．不定式：表示动作的全过程或经常性、反复性。 2．现在分词：表示一个主动、正在进行的动作。 3．过去分词：表示一个被动或完成的动作。 The mother urged the little boy to_go_to_bed． I caught him reading_my_private_letters． He went home happily with his homework finished．
表示“看”(look at, notice, observe, see, watch)，“听”(listen to, hear)，“感觉”(feel)意义的动词(短语)和使役动词(make, have, let)在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作补足语，但在被动语态中要加上to。
六、非谓语动词作定语
1．不定式：一般位于被修饰词之后，表示发生在谓语动词之后的动作。 2．动名词：一般位于被修饰词之前，说明被修饰词的用途。 3．现在分词：表示主动、正在进行的意义。
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(新课标)2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点五非谓语动词(含解析)
