考点五 非谓语动词
限时25分钟
一、单句语法填空
1．The writer has won the hearts of millions of children with the rich stories ________ (draw) from her childhood memories．
答案：drawn 句意：凭借着她从她的童年记忆中获取的丰富多彩的故事，那个作家赢得了很多小孩子的心。分析句子，由于句子已经出现了谓语动词has won，故空格处只能用非谓语动词；由于stories与draw之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
2．________ (receive) your purchases in time, make sure the express company knows your address exactly．
答案：To receive 句意：为了及时收到你购买的物品，要确保快递公司准确地知道你的地址。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。
3．________ (complete) his overseas study, he was eventually employed by his dream company．
答案：Having completed 句意：他完成海外学习之后，最后被他梦寐以求的公司雇用了。he和complete在逻辑上存在主谓关系，且此处分词的动作明显先于谓语动词的动作发生，故用现在分词的完成式作时间状语。
4．This course is of great interest to students, ________ (hope) to improve their writing skills．
答案：hoping 句意：学生对本课程有极大的兴趣，希望能提高他们的写作能力。此处是现在分词作目的状语。
5．The young lady, ________ (make) several attempts to fix her cell phone, decided to have another try．
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答案：having made 句意：这位年轻的女士试图修好她的手机，她已经尝试好几次了，决定再试一次。句中主语“The young lady”和动词“make”之间是主动关系，且该动作发生在主句谓语动词decided之前，故用动词-ing形式的完成式作状语。
6．Nowadays, more and more Chinese homes have the technology and equipment ________ (need) to do online shopping．
答案：needed 句意：目前，越来越多的中国家庭拥有在线购物所需的技术和设备。此处是过去分词作后置定语，故填needed。
7．Watching basketball games on TV at home is one thing, going to watch them ________ (perform) live is quite another．
答案：being performed 句意：在家里的电视上看篮球比赛是一回事，去看现场比赛又是另外一回事。根据句意可知，“perform”与其逻辑主语“them”之间为动宾关系，由live “现场地”可知，应用现在分词的被动式being performed，作宾语them的补足语。
8．Beijing's new international airport ________ (put) into operation in 2024 will serve 72 million passengers annually．
答案：to be put 句意：将于2024年投入运营的北京新国际机场每年将为7,200万乘客提供服务。此处表示将来，所以用动词不定式作后置定语；airport和put into operation之间是被动关系，故用动词不定式的被动式。
9．________ (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies．
答案：Knowing 句意：了解基本的急救技能将有助于你快速地对紧急情况作出反应。分析句子成分可知，谓语是will help，所以will前面的部分是主语，用动名词作主语，表示一般性的事实。
10．________ (make) naturally by the skin when exposed to sunlight, vitamin D is needed for healthy bones, teeth and muscles．
答案：Made 句意：当暴露在阳光下的时候，维生素D自然就在皮肤中形成了，它是健康的骨头、牙齿和肌肉所需要的。vitamin D和make之间是被动关系，故填Made。
11．Dream of the Red Chamber is believed to be semi-autobiographical, ________ (mirror) the fortunes of Cao's own family．
答案：mirroring 句意：《红楼梦》被认为是一部半自传性质的小说，它反映了曹雪芹自己家族的命运。“Dream of the Red Chamber”和“mirror”之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填mirroring。
12．Anyone with an eye on the employment situation knew the assessment about economic recovery ________ (be) just around the corner was correct．
答案：being 句意：任何关注就业形势的人都知道，有关经济即将复苏的评估是正确的。
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本句中含有一个宾语从句，即knew后面的部分，从句中，应用动名词的复合结构作主语，recovery和be之间存在主谓关系，故填being。
13．The problem with the current system allows anyone to commit a similar crime without ________ (punish)． It needs to be fixed．
答案：being punished 句意：现行制度的问题是允许任何人犯下类似的罪行而不受惩罚，因此需要对其进行修改。介词后面跟动名词作宾语，另外“anyone”和“punish”之间存在被动关系，故填being punished。
14．The 19th Party Congress drew up a blueprint for China's development in the next three decades and more． ________ (turn) this blueprint into reality, we must be down-to-earth in our approach, take one step at a time as we move forward and deliver solid outcomes．
答案：To turn 句意：中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会为中国未来三十年甚至更长的时间的发展制定了蓝图。要把这一蓝图变为现实，我们必须脚踏实地，稳步前进，取得坚实的成果。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。
15．The young man, ________ (catch) in heavy traffic on the way, got home an hour later than usual．
答案：caught 句意：这个年轻人，在路上堵车了，比往常到家晚了一个小时。be caught in “陷入”，作状语时省掉be动词，此处为过去分词短语表原因。
16．The educational reform is now under way throughout the country, ________ (grant) the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential．
答案：granting 句意：全国正在进行教育改革，给了学生们更多发挥最大潜力的机会。“________ the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential”作状语，逻辑主语和grant之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，作结果状语。
17．It is not necessary ________ (bargain) on this small amount．
答案：to bargain 句意：没有必要为这么少的数额讨价还价。句中it作形式主语，空格处应用不定式作真正的主语，构成“It's＋adj．＋to do sth．”结构。
18．It is a waste of time ________ (persuade) such a person to join us． 答案：persuading 句意：劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。It is a waste of time doing sth．“做某事是浪费时间”。
19．________ (dress) in her favorite skirt, she seemed to be more confident． 答案：Dressed 句意：穿着她最喜欢的裙子，她看起来更自信了。be dressed in “穿着”，表示状态，本句中，过去分词短语“dressed in ．．．”作状语。
20．With all my jobs ________ (do), I will go out for a picnic．
答案：done 句意：所有的工作完成了，我将出去野餐。此处为with复合结构，本句中
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宾语my jobs和do之间存在被动关系，故填过去分词done表被动和完成。
21．I'd like to see the plan ________ (carry) out．
答案：carried 句意：我想看到这个计划被执行。plan与carry out之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
22．Almost all metals are good conductors, silver ________ (be) the best of all． 答案：being 句意：几乎所有的金属都是良好的导体，其中银是最好的。句中的两部分由逗号分隔，无连词，逗号前面是含有谓语动词的句子；逗号后的部分有其主语silver，由此可推断，逗号后需要用独立主格形式。silver和be之间存在主动关系，故填being。
23．Greatly ________ (encourage), agricultural researchers began to study this particular type of plant．
答案：encouraged 句意：受到了极大的鼓舞，农业研究人员开始研究这种特殊的植物。agricultural researchers与encourage之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
24．She was the first woman ________ (win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games． 答案：to win 句意：她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。当名词或代词前有序数词或最高级修饰时，则用不定式作其后置定语。
25．My friends are made ________ (laugh) by my little girl．
答案：to laugh 句意：我的朋友们被我的小女儿逗笑了。使役动词(make, have, let)用于被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式符号to不能省略。
二、单句改错
1．Several of us were asked to attend the meeting, as listing below． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：listing→listed 句意：我们中有几个人被要求参加这次会议，如下所列。此处表示“被列出”，所以用过去分词。
2．Warned of danger in the street at night, the girl doesn't dare to go out without someone accompanied her．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：accompanied→accompanying 句意：她被警告晚上街上有危险，因而没有人陪同，这个女孩不敢出去。“someone”与“accompany”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。
3．Offered people food, housing and jobs is what a government should first consider after a natural disaster happens．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Offered→Offering 句意：在自然灾害发生后，给人们提供食物、住所和工作是政府应该首先考虑到的。从结构判断此处缺少主语，应该用动名词形式。
4．After class, the teacher couldn't leave, surrounding by the students．
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________________________________________________________________________ 答案：surrounding→surrounded 句意：下课后，老师无法离开，因为被学生们围住了。the teacher与动词surround之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词作状语。
5．As is known, only work hard leads to happiness．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：work→working 句意：众所周知，只有努力工作才能获得幸福。分析句子可知，此处作主语，表示一般性事实，故用v．-ing形式。
6．Not received regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Not后加having 句意：由于没有接受过正规的护理培训，起初她几乎无法应付这份工作。逻辑主语she与receive之间是主谓关系，用v．-ing形式。且receive发生在主句谓语动词之前，故用having received, not放在非谓语动词前。
7．Seating at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Seating→Seated 句意：在房间的后面坐着一个害羞的女孩，这个女孩长着两只大眼睛。本句是一个倒装句，seated为过去分词转化来的形容词作表语。
8．Circumstances permit, he would not have cancelled the trip he had been longing for．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：permit→permitting 句意：如果情况允许的话，他就不会取消他一直渴望的旅行了。这里用“名词＋现在分词”构成独立主格结构，相当于If circumstances permit。
9．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already laying for a meal to be cooked．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：laying→laid with复合结构的构成是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，由于lay与table之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。
10．In order to make herself be noticed, she put on a red hat． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉be 句意：为了让自己被注意到，她戴了一顶红色的帽子。make sb． done “使某人被……”。
11．The examinee who is caught cheated in the College Entrance Examination will get zero in this subject．
________________________________________________________________________
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(新课标)2024届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点五非谓语动词(含解析)
