专业英语
环境：environment 环境工程： environmental engineering 环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental consciousness/awareness 环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect 环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements 环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry 环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality 环境自净作用：environmental self-purification/self-cleansing
水环境：watershed 水体：water body 流域：watershed 水质：water quality 水资源：water resources 供水：water supply
废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment 物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant
生物性水质指标： biological water-quality index 水质标准：water quality standard 化学性水质指标：chemical water-quality index
DS：dissolved solids BOD：biochemical oxygen demand TDS：total dissolved solids COD：chemical oxygen demand TSS：total suspended solids DO：dissolved oxygen
TOC：total organic carbon PH值： TN：总氮 total nitrogen TP：总磷 phosphorus Zn：zinc Cu：Copper As：arsenic Cd：Cadmium Cr：chromium Ni：Nickel Hg：mercury Pb：plumbum 物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening
生物处理：biological treatment 沉淀：sedimentation 化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation 物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment
蒸发：evaporation 稀释：dilution 扩散：dispersion 吹脱：stripping
好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：bio-membrane process 厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters
活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：biological contact SBR：苯乙烯-丁二烯 Styrene Butadiene Rubber
UASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket 活性污泥：activated sludge 改进型：modification 一级处理：primary treatment 二级处理：secondary treatment 三级处理：tertiary treatment 高级氧化处理：advanced treatment 生活污水：domestic wastewater 生产废水：industrial wastewater 城市生活污水：municipal wastewater 电镀废水：metalplating plants
印染废水：pulp and paper industries wastewater 浊度：turbidity
硬度：hardness 水质净化：water quality purifies
混凝沉淀：coagulate flocculating agent 活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption
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隔油池：oil separation tank 中和池：neutralization tank 调节池：adjusting tank 生物反应池：biological reactor
加药设备：physical equipment 沉淀池：sedimentation tank
初沉池：primary sedimentation tank 二沉池：secondary sedimentation tank 絮凝剂：flocculant 混凝剂：coagulate flocculant 生物降解：biodegradation 生物累积：bioaccumulation 飘尘：floating dust 可吸入颗粒物：inhalable particles 能见度：visibility 酸雨：acid rain 一次污染物： primary pollutant
二次污染物：secondary pollutant 氮氧化物：nitrogen oxides 硫氧化物：sulfur oxides
硫化氢：hydrogen sulfide 碳氧化物：carbon oxides 硝酸：nitric acid 盐酸：hydrochloric acid 硫酸：sulfuric acid 二氧化硫：sulfur dioxide 除尘工艺：Dust removal
吸收：absorption 吸附：adsorption
静电除尘：electric dust precipitation 重力除尘：gravitational settling 臭氧：ozone
光化学烟雾：photochemical smoke 喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging
土壤：soil 热污染：temperature change/thermal pollution 噪声：noise 放射性：radioactivity EIA：environmental impact assessment 矿业固废：mine solid wastes 破CAD（计算机辅助设计）：computer aided 碎处理：processing design 农业固废：agriculture solid wastes 大气污染控制工程：air pollution control 压实处理：reduction in volume 水污染控制工程：water pollution control 污泥脱水：disposal of the sludge ？ 固体废物污染控制工程：solid waste 污泥浓缩：sludge thickening management 带式压滤：Belt filter press 污染源：pollution source 离心脱水：centrifugal dewatering 同化作用：assimilation 筛分： screening 固体废物：solid wastes 堆肥和堆肥化：compost and composting 危险废物：hazardous wastes 沼气和沼气化：biogas 化学污泥chemical sludge： 热解与焚烧：pyrolysis and incineration 生物污泥：biological sludge 生物转化作用： biotransformation 工业固废：industrialwastes 热化学转化作用： thermo-chemical 分选处理：separation treatment
control 固化和稳定化作用：solidification and
stabilization 固体废物处理：processing and recovery 资源化：resource 处置：disposal 减量化：pollution control 物质回收：materials recovery 无害化：harmlessness 物质转化：material conversion 固体废物全过程控制：solid waste integrated 能量回收：energy recovery control 能量转化：energy conversion 固体废物污染控制：solid waster pollution
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1. Environmental engineering has been defined as the branch of engineering that is concerned
with protecting the environment from the potential, deleterious effects of human activity, protecting human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors, and improving environmental quality for human health and well-being.（2页）
环境工程学是环境工程的分支学科，其研究内容包括①保护环境免受人类活动改造形成的潜在和不利影响②保护人类免受不利环境因素的影响③持续改善环境质量，以造福于人类健康与福祉。
2. An understanding of the nature of the environment and of human interaction with it is a necessary prerequisite to understanding the work of the environmental engineering.（2页） 了解环境性质以及环境与人类相互作用是了解环境工程师的先决条件。
3. Engineers must appreciate the fundamental principles of ecology, and design with the environment，so as not to impact adversely on especially fragile ecosystem。For example ，one of the most fragile of all ecosystem is the deep oceans ，yet ocean disposal of hazardous waste is seriously advocated by some engineers。The inclusion of ecological principles in engineering decisions is a major component of the environmental engineering profession。（6页）
环境工程师必须深入了解、重视生态学的基本原理，并应用生态学原理来规划环境，以免影响较脆弱的生态环境。例如：深海是所有生态系统中最脆弱的环境之一，但却有些工程师极力主张危险废物深海处置。因此充分考虑生态学基本原理是是环境工程职业在工程决策上的一个重要组成部分。
4. In a natural state, earth’s life forms live in equilibrium with their environment. The numbers and activities of each species are governed by the resources available to them。（11页） 在自然环境状态下，地球上生物与其生存环境之间处于一种相互适应、相互协调的动态平衡关系
5. As pollutants enter air ，water，or soil，natural processes such as dilution，biological
conversions，and chemical reactions convert waste material to more acceptable forms and disperse them through a large volume。（17页）
当污染物进入空气、水或土壤时，自然过程（如稀释、生物转化和化学反应）将废物转化为更可接受的形式，并将其大量分散。
6. The environmental engineer’s unique role is to build a bridge between biology and
technology by applying all the techniques made available by modern engineering technology to the job of cleaning up the debris left in the wake of an indiscriminate use of that technology。
环境工程师的独特作用是，通过将现代工程技术提供的所有技术应用于清理不分青红皂白地使用该技术后留下的碎片，在生物学和技术之间架起一座桥梁。
7. For only by bringing technology into harmony with the natural environment can the engineer
hope to achieve the goals of the professional---the protection of the environment from the potentially deleterious effects of human activity， the protection of human population from the effects of adverse environmental factors，and the improvement of environmental quality for human health and well-being。（18页） 因为只有使技术与自然环境相协调，工程师才能实现专业人员的目标——保护环境免受人类活动的潜在有害影响，保护人类免受不利环境因素的影响，以及改善环境质量。健康和幸福的环境质量。
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环境工程专业英语名词汇总
