外研版英语中考英语短语动词知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)
一、短语动词
1．Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _____ and when it will land.
A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看这么大的雨！没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞，什么时候降落。A. get off下来，下车；B. take off起飞，脱掉；C. turn off关掉；D. put off推迟，拖延。根据句意可知选B。
2． I would rather _____ hiking than _____ swimming.
A. to go , to go B. going, going C. go ,go D. go, going 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would rather do sth. than do sth.，宁愿做……也不愿做……，两部分中都用动词的原形。故选C。 【点评】考查动词。
3．In fact, many countries have _____ some effective （有效的）policies to control the population.
A. carry out B. taken out C. carried out D. thought out 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：实际上，许多国家已经采取了有效政策控制人口。carry out实施；施行。take out取出；think out想出。根据have可知用过去分词，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
4．一 Bob isn't at home. Then where is he?
一 Sorry I have no idea where he's gone.
A. don't know B. remember C. don't care 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——Bob不在家，那么他在哪儿呢？——对不起，我不知道他去哪儿了。have no idea不知道。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语。
5．We must plant more trees after we _______ every year.
A. cut off them B. cut them off C. cut down them D. cut them down 【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须每年在砍掉树木之后种植更多的树。cut off切断；cut down砍倒。根据前文的trees可知砍伐树木用cut down，作宾语的代词them应放在cut与副词down之间，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析及动词短语的用法：“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语时，代词放在动词后副词前
6．- Look! Smiths are playing basketball.
- Let's them.
A. The; join in B. The; join C. A; join in D. A; join 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看！史密斯一家正在打乒乓球。让我们和他们一起打篮球吧。 “the+姓氏名词的复数”表示“…一家”或“…夫妇”, Smiths史密斯姓氏复数，故前用the；而join sb.和某人在一起，join them和他们一起打球．故选B。
【点评】定冠词（the）;动词词义辨析。
7．Students today have to study hard to _______ the quick development of the modern society.
A. keep in touch with B. begin with C. make peace with D. keep up with 【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：今天的学生必须努力学习才能跟上现代社会的快速发展。keep in touch with与……保持联系；begin with以……开始；make peace with与……讲和；keep up with跟上。根据句意，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断答案。
8．It's six o'clock．It's time to get up．Please ．
A. wake up him B. wake him up C. heat up him D. heat him up 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：6点了，该起床了，请把他叫醒。wake up叫醒；heat up加热。“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语是，注意代词放在动词后副词前，故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语
9．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________. A. ran off B. went off C. took off D. set off 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞；D. set off出发，动身。根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞
10．When you visit a museum, you should ___________ the instructions.
A. compare with B. look forward to C. pay attention to D. try out 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：当你参观博物馆的时候，你应该注意说明。compare with比较；look forward to盼望；pay attention to注意；try out试验。根据句意故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
11．The company wants to a school for the poor children．
A. put off B. set up C. call in D. look after 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。put off推迟；延期；set up建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
12．--Talking loudly in a library is impolite.
--In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.（找出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项）
A. look after B. be careful C. take care of D. look up 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：在图书馆大声喧哗是不礼貌的。——实际上，我们应该当心，不要在公共场所咳嗽或者打喷嚏。take care当心，小心。look after照顾；be careful小心；take care of照顾；look up查找。故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
13．—Why did you come late again?
—Because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning.
A. go off B. go out C. go away D. go over 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off“发出响声”；go out“出去”；go away“离开”；go over“检查”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选A。
14．We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it the weather. A. keeps on B. puts on C. depends on D. goes on 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：我们计划这个周末去野餐，但要看天气而定。A： keeps on继续； B： puts on穿上； C： depends on依靠，取决于； D： goes on继续。根据 go for a picnic与the weather的关系，可知野餐取决于天气情况。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解动词短语的意思，根据句子结构，选择正确的动词短语。
15．—Is the girl really that woman's daughter? But she doesn't __________ her at all.
—But sure she is. She takes after her father.
A. look like B. look for C. look up D. look after 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——那个女孩真的事那个妇女的女儿吗？但是她看起来一点也不像她。——但是她的确是。她长得像她的父亲。look like看起来像； look for寻找； look up抬头看； look after照顾；根据She takes after her father.可知此处表示长得像父亲，因此一点也不像母亲，故用短语look like，故选A。
16．My daughter will call _______ as soon as she _______ Shanghai.
A. me up, will arrive in B. up me, arrives at C. up me , arrives at D. me up, arrives in 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我的女儿一到达上海就会给我打电话。call sb. up是固定短语，给某人打电话，跟代词时，代词要放在中间；arrive in到达大地方；arrive at到达小地方。上海是一个大城市，应该用in。根据句意可知选D。
【点评】本题考查短语和动词短语的辨析。call sb up表示给某人打电话，但是当sb是代词形式时，要把代词放中间；arrive in到达城市或者国家，arrive at到达小的地方。
17．The writer's new book will ______ next month.
A. come in B. come on C. come out D. come into
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：这个作家的新书将于下月出版。A. come in进来；B. come on快点，加油；C. come out出来，出现，出版；D. come into进入。根据“新书”可知是将要“出版”了；故答案为C。
【点评】考查动词短语。熟记短语的意义和用法。
18．—Which one do you like best at the fair? — The monitoring instrument invented by a teenager.
A. made…by hand B. made…for the first time C. made…for me 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——在展览会上你最喜欢哪一个？——被一个青少年发明的健康设备。invent：发明，也就是第一次被制作，make ··· for the first time，故选B。 【点评】考查近义词。根据划线词和语境找出意义相同的选项，选出正确答案。
19．—What good news! Eric will be a delegate of MUN and will set off for New York next Monday.
—Yes, he made it as last. I'm sure his cultural exchange will be educational A. leave for B. be away from C. go on a trip to 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——多好的新闻！Eric将会是代理联合国的代表，下星期一动身去纽约。——是的，他最后成功了。我确信他的文化交流会有教育意义。set off for: 动身去，相当于leave for, 故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境判断出划线词的意义，选出意义相同的选项，确保替代后句子通顺，意思不变。
20．—The boys were crazy when Spiderman came along at the parade in the Universal Studio. —Of course they were. You know, Spiderman was always those boys' favourite. A. made a speech B. disappeared C. showed up 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：当蜘蛛侠在环球工作室的游戏队伍中出现时，男孩们都疯狂了。——当然他们会疯狂。你知道，蜘蛛侠总是那些男孩的最爱。根据语境可知男孩疯狂是因为蜘蛛侠出现，A. 演讲，B. 消失，C. 出现，根据语境故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语。根据句意找出近义词，牢记这些短语动词。
21．If you want to get good scores, you had better the test papers before you hand them in. A. go away B. go over C. go on D. go by 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想取得好成绩，你交试卷前最好仔细检查试卷。go away走开；go over仔细检查；go on继续；go by经过；（时间）过去。根据句意，故答案为B。
英语中考英语短语动词知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)
