You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams (1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book SilentSpring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,”
said Parks.
Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Pre-reading
[原文呈现]
A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE
It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest? for the
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night. We realize that the bond? between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.
[读文清障]
①student在此不作“学生”讲,而是“研究者”“学者”的意思。 ②现在分词短语following Jane’s way of studying chimps作方式状语。 ③behave/bI’heIv/vt.&vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现 behave oneself/well守规矩/举止得体
behaviour/bI’heIvj?/n.(=behavior)行为;举止;习性
④动名词短语watching a family ...作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。 ⑤mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算做某事
⑥where引导的定语从句修饰the place。在定语从句中现在分词短语sleeping in a tree作后置定语。
⑦in the shade of ...在……的阴凉处 shade/?eId/n.荫;阴凉处 vt.遮住光线 ⑧move off离开;起程;出发
⑨worthwhile/w??θ’waIl/adj.值得的;值得做的 It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth.做某事是值得的。
⑩句中用了“感官动词+宾语+宾补”结构,且and后省略了感官动词watch。 ?nest/nest/n.巢;窝
?bond/b?nd/n.联系;关系;结合;纽带
非洲野生动物研究者
[第1段译文]
清晨5点45分,太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起。我们一行人都准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了,她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么相似。我们当天的首项活动就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。大家坐在树荫下等待着,这时候猩猩们睡醒了,准备离开。然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去,我们尾随其后。在大部分时间里,黑猩猩或互相喂食,或彼此擦身,这在它们的家族里是表达爱的方式。简预先提醒我们,到下午的时候我们就会又累又脏,她说对了。不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍,后来看见它们一起回窝里睡觉了。我们认识到黑猩猩家庭成员之间的关系像人类家庭一样紧密。
Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing? and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood? she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest?. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project?. Her work changed the way people think about chimps?. For example, one important thing she discovered? was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it?. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out? their social system.
?observe/?b’z??v/vt.观察;观测;遵守 observation/??bz?’veI?n/n.观察;观测 ?childhood/’t?aIldh?d/n.童年;幼年时代 in one’s childhood在某人的童年时代
?it is/was+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.结构中,it为形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式。 ?“only+副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首时,句子/主句用部分倒装结构。 ?定语从句people think about chimps修饰先行词the way,省略了关系词that或in
which。
?she discovered为省略了关系代词的定语从句。
?此处是“observe+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,现在分词短语hunting a monkey and then eating it作宾语补足语。
?work out计算出;找出……的答案,处理,解决;制订(计划);弄清楚 [第2段译文]
在简之前没有人完全了解黑猩猩的行为。她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。从孩提时代起,她就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。但是,这不是一件容易的事。当她1960年最初来到贡贝时,对女性来说,住进大森林还是很不寻常的事情。她母亲前几个月过来帮她的忙,这才使她得以开始自己的计划。她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。比方说,她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩捕猎并吃肉。而在此之前,人们一直认为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。她曾经亲眼看到过一群黑猩猩搏杀一只猴子,然后把它吃掉。她还发现了黑猩猩之间是如何交流的,而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会体系。
21 about making the rest of the world For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken○
22 the life of these animals. She has argued○23 that wild animals understand and respect○
24 or advertisements. She has should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment○
25 but she helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life○
says:
26andIrememberthechimpsinlaboratories. It’“Once I stop, it all comes crowding in○
27, ’Aren’ttheylucky?’sterrible. ItaffectsmewhenIwatchthewildchimps. Isaytomyself○
AndthenIthinkaboutsmallchimpsincagesthoughtheyhavedonenothingwrong. Onceyouhaveseenthatyoucanneverforget ...”
28: working with animals in their own She has achieved everything she wanted to do○environment, gaining a doctor’s degree and showing that women can live in the forest as
29 those who want to cheer○30 the achievements of women.,○21men can. She inspires○
outspoken/a?t’sp??k?n/adj.直言的;坦诚
be outspoken about sth.对某事直言不讳
22respect/rI’spekt/vt.&n.尊敬;尊重;敬意 ○
“making ... and respect”为“make+宾语+宾补”结构。
23argue/’a?ɡju?/vt.&vi.讨论;辩论;争论 ○
24entertainment/?ent?’teInm?nt/n.款待;娱乐;娱乐表演 ○
25lead a ... life过着……的生活 ○
26crowd in(想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海 ○
once引导时间状语从句,现在分词短语crowding in作方式状语。
27say to oneself (=think to oneself)心里想 ○
talk to oneself自言自语
28she wanted to do是定语从句,修饰先行词everything。 ○
29inspire/In’spaI?/vt.鼓舞;激发;启示 ○
inspiration/?Insp?’reI?n/n.灵感;鼓舞
30cheer vt.为……喝彩 ○
[第3~5段译文]
40年来,简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活,而不能用于娱乐和广告。她帮助建起了黑猩猩可以安全生活的专门的保护区。她的生活是忙忙碌碌的,然而,她说:
“一旦我停下来,所有的一切都会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩,太可怕了。每当我看着野生黑猩猩时,这个念头总是萦绕着我。我对自己说:’难道它们不幸运吗?’然后我就想起那些没有任何过错却被关在笼子里的小黑猩猩。一旦你看到这些,你就永远不会忘记……”
她已经完成了她想要做的一切:在动物生活的环境中研究它们,获得博士学位,证明女人能像男人一样在森林里生活。她激励着那些想为女性的成就而欢呼喝彩的人们。
Pre-reading Please match the words with their proper meanings. 1.childhood A.giving opinions openly and honestly 2.outspoken
B.the period of time when someone is a child
3.observe C.something important that you succeed in doing by your own efforts 4.respect
D.to do things that are good, bad, sensible etc.
5.argue E.a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a political aim 6.support F.to give sb. the desire, confidence to do sth. well
7.inspire G.to admire someone because of his/her knowledge, skill etc.
8.behave H.to help or encourage sb./sth. by showing or saying that you agree with them
9.campaign I.to see or notice sb.
10.achievement J.to speak angrily to sb. because you disagree with them 1~5 ________________ 6~10 ________________