基于STC89C52单片机的自动加料机控制器设计
摘 要
本文主要研究了以单片机为基础的自动加料机控制器的设计。自动加料机就是能把物料从贮料仓或其它贮料设备中均匀或定量的供给到受料设备中的装置,是实行流水作业自动化的必备设备。
本设计就是采用STC89C52单片机为主要控制芯片，通过霍尔以及红外感应当前物体通过各个测试点通过的物料数量，利用时钟芯片和存储芯片实现定时记忆控制，并通过电机模拟传送带的运行，同时系统检测当前的运行温度。系统采用了LCD1602显示技术分别检测数量、温度，并且在温度过高时提供声光报警，从而实现物料的自动控制输送，大大提高了工作效率，使整个过程又快又稳。
本文重点阐述了系统的工作原理、硬件构成、各部分的主要功能以及软件的结构和实现。
【关键词】加料机控制器；单片机；红外感应
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【Abstract】
This paper studies the microcontroller-based design of an automatic feeding machine controller. Automatic feeding machine is able to materials from the storage silo or other storage device uniformity or quantitative material supply to the device by the feeding equipment is essential to implement an automated assembly line equipment.
This design is used as the main control chip microcontroller STC89C52 by Hall and infrared sensors currently the object of each test point by the number of materials through the use of the clock chip and memory chip timed memory control, and simulation of the conveyor belt running through the motor, while the system detects The current operating temperature. LCD1602 display system uses a number were detected, the temperature and the temperature is too high to provide sound and light alarm, in order to achieve automatic control of material transport, greatly improving efficiency, so that the whole process fast and stable.
This article focuses on the principle of the system, hardware configuration, the main function of each part and the software architecture and implementation.
【Keywords】feeding machine controller; MCU; frared sensors
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目录
1.绪论 ............................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1概论 .......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2发展趋势 .................................................................................................................................. 4 1.3本课题的研究任务 .................................................................................................................. 5
2.自动加料机控制器系统设计方案 .............................................................................. 5
2.1单片机发展综述 ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.2红外技术发展综述 .................................................................................................................. 6 2.3自动加料机控制器系统的构成............................................................................................... 6
2.3.1系统需求........................................................................................................................ 6 2.3.2 实现原理....................................................................................................................... 6 2.3.3系统总方框图 ................................................................................................................ 7
3.自动加料机控制器的硬件设计 .................................................................................. 7
3.1CPU的选择与应用 .................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.1单片机选择 .................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.2单片机最小系统 ............................................................................................................ 9 3.2温度模块方案的设计 ............................................................................................................ 10 3.3稳压电路 ................................................................................................................................ 12 3.4输出显示模块设计 ................................................................................................................ 12 3.5按键输入设计 ........................................................................................................................ 11 3.6红外计数电路 ........................................................................................................................ 12 3.7电机控制电路 ........................................................................................................................ 12 3.8声光报警方案设计 ................................................................................................................ 12 3.9存储模块 ................................................................................................................................ 13 3.10时钟模块 .............................................................................................................................. 13 3.11满料检测模块 ...................................................................................................................... 13 3.12流量检测电路 ...................................................................................................................... 14
4.自动加料机控制器的软件设计 ................................................................................ 14
4.1软件设计思想 ........................................................................................................................ 14 4.2程序模块 ................................................................................................................................ 14
4.2.1主函数.......................................................................................................................... 14 4.2.2定时子程序 .................................................................................................................. 14 4.2.3按键扫描子程序 .......................................................................................................... 18 4.2.4时钟1302模块 ............................................................................................................ 19 4.2.5显示函数...................................................................................................................... 19 4.2.6温度系统程序流程图 .................................................................................................. 20 4.2.7存储模块24C08流程图 .............................................................................................. 19
5.系统调试 .................................................................................................................................... 19
5.1系统硬件调试 ........................................................................................................................ 19 5.2系统软件调试 ........................................................................................................................ 19 5.3调试结果与展望 ...................................................................................................... 20
5.3.1调试结果...................................................................................................................... 20 5.3.2展望 ............................................................................................................................. 20 结束语 ............................................................................................................................................... 21 致谢 ................................................................................................................................................... 21
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机械设计制造及其自动化专业毕业论文-基于STC89C52单片机的自动加料机控制器设计
