2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
管理类专业硕士学位联考
英语[2A]
考生须知
1．选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷上的答
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在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。
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生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考
英语试卷2A
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Within the span of a hundred years, a tide or wave of emigration swept from Europe to America. The movement, driven by 1 and diverse motivations, built a nation out of wilderness and 2 the character and destiny of an uncharted continent. The United States is the product of two principal forces: the immigration of European peoples with their 3 ideas, customs, and national characteristics, and the impact of a new country which changes 4 traits. The newcomers attempted to 5 their habits and traditions to the new world. 6 the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interactions of the different national groups upon one another, and the 7 in maintaining old-world ways in the new world caused significant changes.
These changes were gradual and at first 8 visible. But the result was clear: a new social pattern which, 9 it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.
The first shiploads of 10 bound for the territory, which is now the United States, crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years 11 the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded 12 . During their six-to twelve-week voyage, they 13 on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many 14 died of disease, and infants rarely went through the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, but 15 days often resulted in unbearably long delay.
To the anxious travelers, the sight of the American shore brought about almost inexpressible 16. Said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve miles distance smelt as 17 as a new-blown garden.” The colonists first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense 18 . The virgin forest with its richness and 19 trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was 20 fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores. 1. A. powerful B. optimistic C. adequate D. rational 2. A. ranged B. shaped C. brought D. guided 3. A. modified B. justified C. improved D. varied 4. A. so B. much C. these D. other 5. A. transform B. transact C. transfer D. transplant 6. A. Even B. But C. Still D. Thus 7. A. difficulty B. option C. chance D. intention
8. A. significantly B. gratefully C. scarcely D. willingly 9. A. since B. unless C. as D. although 10. A. immigrants B. inhabitants C. natives D. applicants 11. A. with B. after C. before D. from 12. A. race B. town C. craft D. house 13. A. escaped B. challenged C. confronted D. survived 14. A. tourists B. strangers C. employees D. passengers 15. A. calm B. short C. cold D. lazy 16. A. relief B. confidence C. departure D. concern 17. A. delicious B. sweet C. inspiring D. dazzling 18. A. population B. woods C. traffic D. smoke 19. A. a kind of B. a series of C. a variety of D. a group of 20. A. mysterious B. violent C. abundant D. universal
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
More than 90% of presidents and prime ministers are male, as are practically all top enterprise executives. Men dominate regimes, military, finance, technology, films, sports, music and even stand-up comedy. It might seem odd to be concerned about the predicament of men. Yet, there is plenty of cause to be a bit pessimistic. Men cluster at the bottom as well as the top, far more likely than women to be jailed, alienated from children, or to commit suicide.
Lowly literate men in developed countries, in particular, are suffering. Technology and globalization have devalued muscles, less literate men have struggled to hunt for a role in the workplace calling for advanced skills. Men whose jobs used to be in manufacturing often never work again, and, without work, men may well find it hard to earn permanent mate. In short, they have difficulty coping with the enormous changes in the workforce market and the home over the past half century.
Those on the political left tend to focus on economics. Shrinking job opportunities for men, they claim, are entrenching impoverishment. Those on the right are apprehensive about the collapse of the family. The vast majority of women would prefer to have a partner who does his bit both financially and domestically. But they would rather go without one than team up with a lay about. These two sides often talk past each other, but their interpretations are not contradictory. Both economics and social transformation are to blame, and the two causes reinforce each other.
Part of the solution to the trouble lies in a rectification in attitudes. Men need to understand that traditional manual jobs are not coming back, and that they can be nurses or hairdressers without losing their masculinity. Besides, the foolish legislation is making the problem worse. America reduces the supply of marriageable men by locking up millions of young males for non-violent offences and then making it hard for them to find work when they get out. Even more important than scrapping foolish policies is retooling the educational system, which was designed in an age when most men worked with their muscles.
The growing equality of the genders is one of the biggest achievements of the post-war era. People have greater opportunities than ever before to achieve their ambitions regardless of their gender. But some men have failed to cope with this new world. It is time to give them a hand. 21. According to the text, the word “predicament” (paragraph 1) is closest to _________. A. achievement B. difficulty C. domination D. optimism
22. Poorly educated men in rich countries are confronted with troubles because they _________. A. can’t adapt to the poor family life B. are qualified for manufacturing jobs C. are reluctant to go out to work D. lack the necessary working skills
23. Which of the following is true about the two political sides? A. The two sides finally reach an agreement. B. Both sides argue the situation will get worse. C. Each side points out one aspect of a problem. D. They can cooperate to cope with the problem.
24. To solve the problem, the author recommends all the following except _________. A. changing men’s outlook on jobs B. reviving traditional manual work C. modifying relevant laws
D. reforming the educational system
25. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the text? A. Make Weaker Males Stronger B. Create Jobs for Poor Families C. Offer More Education to Men D. Accelerate the World Change
Text 2
Does EU show promise? Just a few months ago the euro zone's leaders believed that, having weathered the storm, they witnessed sunlight at last. Encouraged by the assurance of Mario Draghi, the president of the European Central Bank, to do “whatever it takes” to back the currency, confidence had emerged again into the continent. Growth seemed to be returning, although at a
slow pace. Unemployment, although still desperately high, especially among the young, at least in most countries it was falling.
It was not hard to perceive that it is an illusion. In recent weeks the countries of the euro zone have begun to take in water once again. Their collective GDP stagnated in the second quarter, and the third quarter looks pretty unhealthy, and inflation has fallen dangerously low. The underlying roots of Europe's new ills are very familiar and interrelated problems. There is a shortage of political leaders with the courage and conviction to push through structural reforms to enhance competitiveness and eventually fuel growth—the big countries have wasted the two years bought by Mr Draghi's “whatever it takes” commitment. Public is not convinced of the urgency and necessity for deepened and radical changes. And despite Mr. Draghi's efforts, the monetary and fiscal framework is still too tight, suppressing growth — which renders structural reforms harder to push.
Despite the gloom, there seems to be scope for a bargain among the top three of EU. If Paris and Rome can demonstrate they are sincere about structural reforms, Berlin should be willing to tolerate an easier fiscal stance and a looser monetary policy. Sad to say, in the real world, Mrs. Merkel has little justification to give credit to either France or Italy: whenever external pressure on them has eased, they have promptly backtracked on promises of reform. And she has just installed Jean-Claude Juncker, the do-nothing candidate, as president of the European Commission.
Without a new push from the continent's leaders, growth will not revive and deflation could take hold. Japan suffered a decade of lost growth in the 1990s, and is still struggling. But Europe is not a single cohesive country and if the currency union brings nothing but stagnation, joblessness and deflation, then some people will eventually vote to leave the euro. Thanks to Mr Draghi's promise to put a floor under government debt, the market risk that financial pressures could trigger a break-up has receded. But the political risk that one or more countries decide to storm out of the single currency is rising all the time. 26. The text mainly tells us that _________. A. the euro crisis is waiting over the horizon B. euro top leaders are confident of EU future C. single currency does not work any longer D. cooperation makes EU lasting and strong
27. By saying “take in water” (paragraph 2), the author implies _________. A. keep silence B. start declining C. ask for help D. borrow money
28. Which of the following may help to cope with the recent trouble of EU? A. To lessen competition among EU members B. To save time in negotiating on cooperation C. To tighten monetary and finance policies D. To awaken people of the need for reform
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语试卷2A
