高中英语必修2(外研版)
Unit 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits
知识点总结
一、重点词汇
词义辨析:injure/hurt/wound/cut 四者都可以指“伤害、伤痛”。 injure hurt wound 意义 指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。 既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上的伤害。 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,特指战场上的受伤。 cut 无意中造成的轻伤。 Drinking can injure one's health. 喝酒对人的健康有害。 I'm sorry I hurt you; I didn't mean to. 对不起,我弄伤了你;我不是故意的。 The robber wounded him with a knife. 那个强盗用刀刺伤了他。 How did you get that cut on your hand? 你手上的伤口是怎么弄的? 词义辨析:normal/common/general/ordinary 这四个词都有“普通的”、“常见的”意思。其区别是: normal common gener强调人或物“符合常态或常规”。 强调许多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”。 侧重“普遍”之意,普遍于大多数人或事物中。 al ordinary It's normal to feel tired after such a long trip. 长途旅行后感到累是很正常的。 His name was Hansen, a common name in Norway. 他的名字叫汉森,在挪威是一个常见的名字。 As a general rule, prices follow demands. 一般而言,物价随需求而变化。 Now electrical appliances have entered into ordinary families. 现在,家用电器已经步入普通家庭。 diet n.饮食;节食 1. a healthy/balanced diet:健康的/均衡的饮食 2. go/be on a diet:用规定食谱;节食 You don't have to go on a diet to lose weight. 你不需要靠节食来减肥。 anxious adj. 焦虑的;渴望的 1. be anxious about sth.:为…担心,忧虑 2. be anxious for sth.:渴望… 3. be anxious to do sth.:急于,渴望做某事 I am anxious about the parcel because it hasn't arrived. 我对这包裹很担心,因为它还没到。 The whole country was anxious for peace. 全国上下都渴望和平。 She was anxious to finish school and get a job. 她渴望毕业找一份工作。 be crazy about:迷恋 He's still crazy about both his work and his hobbies. 他对工作和个人爱好依然保持狂热。 begin with:以…开始 The teacher began his class with a question. 与一般事物的性质标准相同,强调“平常”而无奇特之处。 老师以一个问题开始他的讲课。
be/get injured:受伤
He got injured through his own carelessness. 他由于粗心受伤了。
breathe in/out:吸入/呼出
In large cities people breathe in dangerous gases from cars and chimneys. 在大城市人们呼吸时吸入汽车和烟囱排出的有害气体。
一词多义:fit adj. 健康的,强壮的;合适的 v.适合,适应 Mr. Smith needs more exercises to keep fit.(keep fit:保持健康) 史密斯先生需要更多的锻炼以保持身体健康。
He's been ill and isn't fit for work yet. (be fit for:适合…) 他一直在生病,尚不能工作。 This new jacket fits her well. 这件夹克很合她的身。
一词多义:head n. 头部;头脑 v. 朝…前进;前往 The ship came about and headed for the shore. 轮船调转般向朝海岸驶去。 拓展:
英语中有些名词可转化为动词,如: eye n. 眼睛 v.(用眼睛看)注视;端详 face n. 脸 v. 面对
picture n. 照片,影片 v. 画;拍照 dress n. 礼服 v.打扮,穿衣 阅读必备词汇
rare adj. 稀少的;罕有的 rarely adv. 罕有地 wealthy adj. 富裕的
overweight adj. 太胖的;超重的 symptom n. 症状 insurance n. 保险
questionnaire n. 问卷调查
awful adj. 糟糕的;可怕的;充满敬畏的 become ill 生病
have a temperature 发烧 put…into… 将…投入/放入… take exercise 锻炼 lie down 躺下 二、重点句型
So as you can see from what I’ve said, I’m a normal kind of person. 解析:本句的主干是“I’m a normal kind of person”;“as you can see from what I’ve said”是由as引导的一个定语 从句;what引导的是from的宾语从句。
翻译:因此,正如你能从我所说的看到的一样,我只是一个普通人。
拓展:as引导的定语从句在写作中应用相当广泛,常见的结构有:“as is known to all…”; “as we all know…”意思都 是“众所周知…”。
Because of this, I make sure that I have a good diet, and as I’ve said,this isn’t a
problem because my mother feeds us so well.
解析:本句的主干是“I make sure that …and this isn’t a problem”,由and连接一个并列句。 “that I have a good
diet” 是make sure的宾语从句,“Because of this”是一个介词结构,表示原因; “as I’ve said”是一个定语从句,修
饰“this isn't a problem”;because引导的是一个原因状语从句。
翻译:因此,我得确保合理膳食;而且正如我前面所说,合理膳食并不是一个问题,因为我母亲把我们照顾得很 好。
Britain was the first country in the world to have a free health care system paid for
the by the government.
解析:本句的主干是“Britain was the first country in the world…”;“to have a free health care system”是动词不定
式结构作定语,修饰前面的country;“paid for the by the government”是过去分词结构作定语,修饰前面的
system。
翻译:英国是世界上第一个拥有免费医疗系统的国家,整个医疗体系都是由政府资助的。 拓展:非谓语作定语在写作中应用相当广泛,有时简单的定语从句可以考虑使用非谓语来代替,这样
可以使语言简练地道,例如:
The boy whose name is Tom is popular with his classmates. The boy named Tom is popular with his classmates.
They see doctors who work for themselves and pay the doctors through the health insurance company.
解析:本句的主干是“They see doctors and pay the doctors”;who引导的是一个定语从句,修饰前面的doctors;
through引导的是一个介词结构,表示方式。
翻译:他们看自己的专属医生,并通过医疗保险公司进行支付。 三、重点语法
词的转化---名词用作动词
含义:
词的转化(conversion)是英语构词法中的主要方法之一。它指的是一个词不改变词形,而由一种词类
转化成另一种或几种词类。本模块学习名词转化为动词的用法。名词转化为动词是现代英语中很普遍的
现象,同时也是转化构词中最活跃的一种。人们经常把名词不加任何改变就当作动词使用。 用法:
很多表示物件(如下1)、身体部位(如下2)、某类人(如下3)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作,某些抽象名
词(如下4)也可作动词。例如:
1. Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗?
2. We set sail at dawn and headed for New York. 我们在黎明起程,直驶纽约。
3. She nursed her husband back to health. 她看护丈夫,使他恢复了健康。