2016 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little
to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.
The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle
of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.
Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: the divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry
20 the woman must wait ten months. 1. [A] by way of 2. [A] adapt to 3. [A] close 4. [A] Above all 5. [A] Although 6. [A] into 7. [A] since 8. [A] copy 9. [A] folding 10. [A] passing 11. [A] meeting 12. [A] grow 13. [A] whereas 14. [A] obtain 15. [A] isolated 16. [A] whatever
[B] on behalf of [B] provide for [B] renew [B] In theory [B] Lest [B] within [B] but [B] test [B] piling [B] lighting [B] collection [B] part [B] until [B] follow [B] persuaded [B] however
[C] as well as [C] compete with [C] arrange [C] In time [C] After [C] from [C] or [C] recite [C] wrapping [C] hiding [C] association [C] deal [C] if
[C] challenge [C] viewed [C] whenever
[D] with regard to [D] decided on [D] postpone [D] For example [D] Unless [D] through [D] so [D] create [D] tying [D] serving [D] union [D] live [D] for [D] avoid [D] exposed [D] wherever
17. [A] changed 18. [A] withdrawn 19. [A] breaks 20. [A] so that
[B] brought [B] invested [B] warns [B] while [C]shaped [C] donated [C] shows [C] once [D] pushed [D] divided [D] clears [D] in that
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A Directions：
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that ―incite excessive thinness‖ by promoting extreme dieting.
Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death – as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.
The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.
The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep – and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.
The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.
In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: ―We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.‖ The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion
Week(CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.
Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the
best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.
21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France? [A] New runways would be constructed. [B] Physical beauty would be redefined. [C] Websites about dieting would thrive. [D] The fashion industry would decline.
22. The phrase ―impinging on‖(Line 2, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to [A] heightening the value of [B] indicating the state of [C] losing faith in [D] doing harm to
23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry? [A] New standards are being set in Denmark. [B] The French measures have already failed. [C] Models are no longer under peer pressure. [D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.
.
24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for [A] pursuing perfect physical conditions [B] caring too much about model’s character [C] showing little concern for health factors [D] setting a high age threshold for models
25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text? [A] A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals [B] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France [C] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty [D] The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry
.
Text 2
For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate ―the countryside‖ alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political traction.
A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save ―the beauty of natural places for everyone forever‖. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience ―a refreshing air‖. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.
(2005-2016年考研英语一真题)2005-2016年历年考研英语一真题及答案详解(12年考研英
