一般过去时-过去进行时和现在完成时的区别

一般过去时-过去进行时和现在完成时的区别

一般过去时，过去进行时和现在完成时的区别

一、一般过去时

1．表示在过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：a few minutes ago, yesterday, last month 等，以及以when 等引导的时间状语从句连用。

The thief entered the building a few minutes ago. A big fire destroyed the whole forest last year.

The telephone rang, when I was reading the news report.

2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与时间状语often，used to或would连用，表示“常常，经常”。 She often came to help us.

When he was young, he would help his father on the farm.

3. 有些情况，发生的时间不很清楚，但实际上是过去发生的应当用过去时态。

It was a pity that you didn’t go to the lecture. I was glad to receive your letter. I didn’t know you were so busy. 4. 表示过去习惯的动作。

When she was a young girl, she often went to her grandpa’s.

5. 在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。

I would tell her the news as soon as she came.

二、过去进行时

构成：was / were + doing

1．表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。 He was playing tennis at five yesterday afternoon. What were you doing at nine last night? At that time, she was working in a lab.

In those years we were having a hard time. We were picking cotton when he arrived.

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2. 表示按计划，安排过去将要发生的动作。 He told her he was leaving soon.

3. 表示委婉语气，只限于want，hope，wonder等动词，用以提出请求。

I was wondering if you could help me.

4. 在不少情况下，没有表示过去的时间状语，需要通过上下文来看出这是过去某时正在进行的动作。

The wind was no longer blowing, but it was still rather cold.

They took us to see the chemical fiber mill they were building.

We started the attack when the enemies were crossing the river.

They all worked hard. Everybody knew what he was working for.

三﹑一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：

1. 过去进行时表示正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。

I was reading a novel last night. （可能没看完） I read a novel last night. （已经看完了） We were building a dam last winter. We built a dam last winter.

I was quickly getting used to that kind of life. （正在适应过程中）

I quickly got used to that kind of life. （已经适应） 2. 一般过去时通常只表示发生过的某种动作或存在过的某种状态，不强调延续性；过去进行时表示过去某一段时间内某种动作或状态的延续性。 Those men hunted in the forest yesterday.

Those men were hunting in the forest yesterday. （强调整天都在打猎）

3. 过去进行时强调动作的持续性，带有一定的感情色彩，因此有时比一般过去时显的更为生动、具体。 The baby was crying all night. 婴儿整夜都在哭。 （较具体，生动）

The baby cried all night. 婴儿哭了一整夜。 （叙述事实）

4. 两个或多个一般过去时连用，通常表示动作一个接

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一个发生，过去进行时连用仅表示动作同时发生，强调对比。

She closed the window, turned off the light and left the room.

She was closing the window, and he was reading a book.

5. 一般过去时和过去进行时并用时，一般过去时表示某一时间点，过去进行时表示某段时间，该时间点在该段时间之内。

They were discussing the plan when suddenly the light went out.

When I came into her office, she was typing.

四、现在完成时

构成：have / has + 过去分词 1．表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，常与下列词连用：yet, just, before, recently, lately, often, ever, never, sometimes, twice 等。 I haven’t finished the novel yet. He has never been to Paris. 2. 表示从过去某个时间开始，持续到现在并有可能持续下去的动作，常同表示一段时间的状语连用，so far, up to now, since, for the past (last) few (several) years 等。

We have known each other for 11 years.

3. 在after, as soon as，if，till，when 等引导的状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。

Let’s go out as soon as the rain has stopped. 4. It is the first time that ...

This will be ... that ... + 现在完成时

This is the first time that I have seen a living whale. 5. It (this) is the best (worst, most interesting…) + 名词 + that + 现在完成时

It is the most beautiful house that I have ever seen.

五﹑一般过去时与现在完成时用法比较

1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的

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事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 (1)一般过去时的时间状语:

yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 (2)共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately (3)现在完成时的时间状语

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,

till / until, up to now, in past years, always,

3.现在完成时表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词具有延续性，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了。）

I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了。） Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）

She has returned from Paris. （她已从巴黎回来了。） She returned yesterday. ( 她是昨天回来了。) He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for.

4.句子中如有过去时的时间副词

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