语法考点剖析
考点一 不定冠词a/an的用法 1．基本用法
(1)泛指某个人或物，意思为“一”，数量概念比one弱。 A girl is looking for you.有个女孩在找你。 (2)用于可数名词单数形式前，表示一类人或物。 A dog is a useful animal.狗是一种有用的动物。
(3)用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”，相当于或each。
We have six classes a day.我们每天六节课。 (4)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。 The apple is delicious. Can I have a second one？ 这苹果很好吃，我能再吃一个吗？
(5)用于物质名词前面，表示“一种、一场”等。 What a heavy rain！好大的一场雨！ (6)构成一些固定短语。
a little bit有点儿 a couple of两个 all of a sudden突然 have a cold感冒 have a look看一看 have a rest休息一下 have a try试一试
have a walk散步
once in a while偶尔 pay a visit to拜访 play a role发挥作用 quite a lot/few许多 2．a/an的辨析
every
an用在以元音音素开头的名词前，如an egg。即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头，如果单词的读音是以元音音素开头，也要用an，如an hour。反之即使拼写以元音字母开头但读音是以辅音音素开头，加不定冠词时也要用a，如 a university。
(1)常见的以元音音素开头的重点名词和形容词 animal answer arm apple easy eye
egg hour
eraser idea
elephant impolite umbrella unpleasant
important interesting orange uncle unusual
(2)常见的不定冠词易错短语 an honest boy an hour a university a usual story a UFO
a useful book
unhappy
unknown
a European country
1．(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨中考)—What are you going to do next month? —I am going to travel to Germany, which is European country. A．a
B．an
C．the
2．(2024·吉林中考)Yesterday's concert was great success. All the people showed interest in it A．the
B．an
C．a
3．(2024·甘肃白银中考改编) The man is driving at 40 kilometres hour. A．a
B．an
C．the
4．(2024·山东济南高新一模改编)—Tina, do you have English pen pal? —Yes, I do. I have one in Britain. A．a
B．an
C．the
5．(2024·山东济南育英中学一模改编)—What's on the table? —There's dictionary on it. A．a
B．an
C．the
6．(2024·山东潍坊诸城二模改编)—The girl got “A” in the English competition.
—Really? What unusual girl she is! A．a; an
B．a; a
C．an; an
7．(2024·山东东营广饶模拟改编)—Have you seen Operation Red Sea(《红海行 动》)?
—Yes. This is educational film and it has become one of most popular films in the world. A．a; /
B．a; the
C．an; the
8．(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨道外)Boys and girls, the final exam is coming. But remember no matter how much stress you have, stop and take rest if possible. A．a
B．/
C．the
考点二 定冠词的用法
1．用在特定的人或物的名词前，表示特指。 Who is the girl over there？那边的女孩是谁？
2．用来指上文中已提到过的人或事物。
There is a chair in the room. An old man is sitting on the chair. 房间里有一把椅子，椅子上坐着一位老人。
3．用于表示世界上独一无二的事物名词前以及普通名词构成的专有名词前。 the sun太阳
the moon月亮
the earth地球
the Great Wall长城 the United States美国
the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Tianshan Mountains天山山脉 4．用在表示演奏的西洋乐器之前。
The boy can play the piano.这个男孩会弹钢琴。
中国的传统乐器前不加the。
My father can play erhu.我爸爸会拉二胡。
5．用于形容词、副词的最高级前。 Math is the most difficult subject for me. 对我来说，数学是最难的科目。 6．用在序数词或表示顺序的其他词前。 All the students take five subjects in the first year. 所有学生第一年要上五门课程。
7．“the＋形容词”或“the＋可数名词单数”表示一类事物。 The new is sure to replace the old.新事物一定会取代旧事物。 The dog is one of the cleverest animals in the world.
狗是世界上最聪明的动物之一。
8．用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。 The Turners were having lunch when I got there. 我到那里的时候，特纳一家正在吃午饭。 9．用在next, last, same, only等词前。 —Are you the only child？你是独生子吗？ —No. I have a sister.不是，我有一个姐姐。 10．构成一些固定短语。 around the world世界各地 do the dishes清洗餐具 go to the movies看电影 take the subway乘地铁
in the countryside在乡下；在农村 in the face of面对(问题、困难等) at the top of在……顶部或顶端 in the end最后 all the time频繁；反复 at the beginning of在……开始 at the same time同时；一起 by the time ...在……以前 by the end of在(某时间点)以前 the day before yesterday前天 the day after tomorrow后天
2024年福建省中考英语语法专项复习训练：冠词
