第二讲 非谓语动词
考查非谓语动词的句法功能
了解句法功能
Ⅰ 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用 1．(2017·浙江卷6月)Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring ____________ (cook) a meal.
to cook 解析：此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to cook。
2．(2017·北京卷)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ____________ (spend) with his students.
spent 解析：time和spend之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。
3．(2017·天津卷)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ____________ (catch)．
to catch 解析：此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)People probably cooked their food in large pots, ____________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
using 解析：主语people与use之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
5．(2016·浙江卷)A sudden stop can be a very ____________ (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed.
frightening 解析：此处修饰名词experience，根据句意此处指“令人可怕的经历”，所以experience名词前面用动词的-ing形式作定语。
6．(2016·北京卷)____________(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
Ordered 解析：句意：这些书一个多星期前就被下订单了，现在预计随时会到。order与逻辑主语the books之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，故答案为Ordered。
Ⅱ 通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读 1．非谓语动词作状语
(1)非谓语动词作目的状语，要想到用不定式；
(2016·北京卷)To make it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
为了更容易与我们取得联系，你最好随身带着这张卡片。 (2)非谓语动词作伴随状语，要想到用现在分词；
The students rushed out of the classroom, laughing and talking. 学生们又说又笑地冲出教室。
(3)非谓语动词作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果要想到用不定式，表示必然的结果要想到用现在分词；
He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 他匆匆赶到车站结果却发现火车已经离开了。(表出乎意料的结果)
(陕西卷)More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 中国又建了更多高速公路，这使人们从一处到另一处的出行变得更容易了。(表结果)
(4)非谓语动词作原因状语，表示“喜怒哀乐”的形容词要想到用不定式；非谓语动词作时间状语、条件状语和原因状语等要想到用分词。 I am only too glad to see everything settled. 看到一切问题都解决了，我很高兴。 Being tired, he went to bed early. 因为很累，他很早就睡了。
Seeing the police, the thieves ran away.
看到警察，小偷就跑了。
源于系表结构的部分过去分词作状语，表示句子主语所处的一种状态，常见的有：seated(坐着的)，devoted(专注的), lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)等。 Absorbed in his book, he didn’t notice me enter the room. 他专注读书，没注意到我进入房间。 2．非谓语动词作定语
非谓语动词类别 动词不定式 动名词 分词 现在分词 过去分词 用法 表示将要发生的动作 表示用途 表示动作主动进行或者正在进行中 表示动作被动完成或者单纯表示已经完成 We are preparing for the mid-term examination to be held next week. 我们正在为下周将要举行的期中考试做准备。
The lecture, starting(＝which was starting)at 7：00 p．m. last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. 讲座于昨晚七点开始，随后是用望远镜观察月球。
Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
清华大学建立于1911年，是许多杰出人物的摇篮。 3．非谓语动词作补足语
(1)常接不定式作宾补的动词或动词短语有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage,
2019届高考英语总复习(练习)：专题2第2讲 非谓语动词 含答案
