计算机专业英语（张强华第二版）重点单词及部分课后答案

由天下分享时间：2024/12/16 21:02:50 加入收藏我要投稿点赞

Unit 1 单词：

Hardware 硬件 Monitor 监视器 Motherboard 主板 memory 记忆，回忆，存储器 mouse 鼠标 keyboard 键盘 disk 磁盘，圆盘，唱片 floppy 软的、软盘 instruction 指令，命令，指示，用法说明 screen 屏，屏幕 view 视域，观察，观看 information 消息，信息，通知 equip 装备，配备 socket 插孔，孔，套接字 temporarily 暂时地，临时地 I/O port 输入输出接口 Circuit board 电路板 In reality 事实上 Extra key 扩充键 Be uesd in 用于 Disk drive 磁盘驱动器 CPU（central process unit）中央处理器 RAM（random access memory）随机存储器 ROM（read only memory）只读存储器英文解释 remember 记得，想起，记住 sequence 连续，继续，次序 animation 动画片，卡通 type 类型，样式 pointer 指针，指示器 Typewriter 打字机 conjunction 接合，连接，连接词 perform 履行，表演，行动 task 任务，工作，作业 keypad键区，数字按键键盘 store 存储，储藏 diskette 磁盘 input 输入 output 输出 remove from… c从。。。删除 in addition to 除，，，之外 removable disk 可移动硬盘 external device 外部设备 serial port 串行接口 be capable of 能够，具有。。。的能力 USB（universal serial bus）通用串行总线 SCSI（small computer system interface）小型计算机系统接口〖Ex. 3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词、词组或缩略语）

词汇 1) A processor whose elements have been miniaturized into one or a 1) CPU中央处理器 few integrated circuits. It is usually used in PC. 2) The main board of a computer, usually containing the circuitry for 2) motherboard主板 the central processing unit, keyboard, and monitor and often having slots for accepting additional circuitry. 3) A unit of a computer that preserves data for retrieval. flat surface directs an indicator to move correspondingly about a computer screen, allowing the operator to move the indicator freely, as to select operations or manipulate text or graphics. 5) A set of keys, as on a computer terminal, word processor, 5) keyboard 键盘 typewriter. 3) memory 存储器 4) A hand-held, button-activated input device that when rolled along a 4) mouse 鼠标 1

6) A connection point for a peripheral device. operation. 6) port 接口 7) A machine code telling a computer to perform a particular 7) instruction 指令命令 8) The information or image displayed at a given time on a monitor, 8) screen 屏幕 display, or video terminal: 9) An input device, sometimes part of a standard typewriter keyboard, 9) keypad 键区 consisting of a separate grid of numerical and function keys arranged for efficient data entry. 10) Information put into a communications system for transmission or 10) input 输入 into a computer system for processing. 〖Ex. 5〗把下列短文翻译成中文

系统面板和普通键盘有专门控制键，你可以使用这些控制键实现主要的多媒体功能：观相片、听音乐和看电影。面板还有为看电视和阅读电视指南而设的快速启动按钮。 Ex. 9〗用that从句做宾语将下面汉语译成英语

你应该知道，你不仅仅能读取磁盘上的数据，也能够往上面写新的信息

1. You should know that you can not only read data from the disk but also write new information to it. 你应该意识到，软盘容纳不了多少数据

2. You should realize that floppies do not hold too much data. 我们计算机老实说，USB要比火线慢多了

3. Our computer teacher said that USB is much slower than Firewire. 我认为CPU主要责任是执行指令

4. I think/believe that the CPU is primarily responsible for executing instructions.

Unit 2单词

Access 访问存取 Accessory 附加设备 Analog 模拟物相似物 Attached 附上。。。的 Component 部件 Configuration 配置 Convert 使转变 Demodulate 使调解，使检波 Document 文档，资料 Drive 驱动器 Eletronic 电子的 Flatbed 平板 Graphic绘画似的，图解的 Handheld 手持的 Hopper-feed 单进的 Interconnect 互相连接 BIOS（basic input/output system）基本输入输出系统

Microprocessor 微处理器 Modem 调制解调器 Modulate 调制调整 Promote 提供 Reproduce 再生，，复制 Resolution 分辨率 Retrieve 检索 Sequential 继续的，后果的 Analog signal 模拟型号 Expansion card 扩展卡 Expansion slot 扩展槽 Hard disk 硬盘 Hard drive 硬盘驱动器 Laser printer 激光打印机 Plug and play 即插即用 Video card 视频卡 CMOS(complementary metal oxide semiconductor) 互补金属氧化物半导体〖Ex. 3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词、词组或缩略语）

英文解释词汇 1) A device that reads data from and writes data onto a storage 1) drive 驱动器 medium, such as a floppy disk. 2) The part of a system that produces printed matter. 2) printer 打印机 3) Numerical or other information represented in a form suitable for 3) data 数据 processing by computer. 4) To vary the frequency, amplitude（振幅）, phase, or other 4) modulate 调制调整 characteristic of (electromagnetic waves). 5) An integrated circuit that contains the entire central processing unit 5) microprocessor 微处of a computer on a single chip. 理器 6) a criterion（标准）. 6) standard 标准 7) The point of interaction or communication between a computer and 7) interface 接口界面 any other entity, such as a printer or human operator. 8) An activity providing entertainment or amusement; a pastime: 8) game 游戏 9) Circular regions a disk is divided into 9) track 磁道 10) The combination of equipment needed to run a computer system 10) configuration 配置 Unit 3

〖Ex. 3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词、词组或缩略语）

英文解释词汇 A tiny slice or chip of material on which is etched or imprinted a IC 集成电路 complex of electronic components and their interconnections. A fast storage buffer in the central processing unit of a computer. Cache 高速缓存 A small memory that allows fast access to permanently stored data ROM 只读存储器 but prevents addition to or modification of the data. A machine code telling a computer to perform a particular operation. Instruction 命令指令 A minute slice of a semiconducting material, such as silicon or Chip 芯片 germanium（锗）, doped（掺杂质）and otherwise processed to have specified electrical characteristics, especially before it is developed into an electronic component or integrated circuit. The main board of a computer, usually containing the circuitry for the Motherboard 主板 central processing unit, keyboard, and monitor and often having slots for accepting additional circuitry. Of or relating to the generation or transmission of electricity. Power 能量 A single complete execution of a periodically repeated phenomenon: Cycle 周期 To change in form or character; alter. Modify 修正 A source of regularly occurring pulses used to measure the passage of Clock 时钟 time, as in a computer.

Unit 4

单词

Protocol 协议 Optimize 使最优化 Reference 提及，涉及，参考 Construct 建造，构造，创立 Queue 队列 Stack 堆栈 Data structure 数据结构 Linked list 链表 Machine code 机器代码

〖Ex. 3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词、词组或缩略语）

英文解释词汇 Fundamental 基础的，基本的，基本原则 Node 结点 Circular 圆形的，循环的 Pseudo 假的，冒充的 Regular 规则的，有秩序的，经常的 Expression 表达式 Pseudo code 伪代码 Problem solving 问题求解，解决问题 FILI（first in，last out）先进后出 A standard procedure for regulating data transmisssion between Protocol 协议 computer. To make as perfect or effective as possible storage of information in which the item most recently stored is the first to be retrieved Position or status with regard to conditions and circumstances To form by assembling or combining parts,build Of or relating to the foundation or base ,elementary A junction of some type To live in a plaec permanetly or for an extended period,exist Of no consequence,efffect,or value,insignificant An operation or a quantity stated in symbolic form,such as x,y or x+y Situation 情形，状况，事态 Construct 构造 Fundamental 基本的 Node 结点 Reside 居住 Null 无效的，空的 Expression 表达式 Optimize 使最优化 A section of memory and its associated registers used for temporary Stack 堆栈

Unit 5

单词

Assembler 汇编程序 Category 种类，类目，类别 Classify 分类，分等 Compile 汇编，编辑 Compiler 编辑器 Essentially 本质上，基本上 Incompatible 不兼容的 Object-oriented 面向对象的 Optimize 使最优化 Portability 可移植性 Portable 可移植的，便携的

Predate 比。。。要早 Release 发行 Replace 取代 Standardization 标准化 Browser 浏览器 Complex 复杂的，合成的，综合的 Concept 概念，观念，思想 Implement 实现，履行 Impressive给人深刻印象的 Restricted 受限制的悠闲地 4

Assembly language 汇编语言 Machine language 机器语言 Object-oriented language 面向对象语言

Web application 网络应用程序 Web page 网页〖Ex. 3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词、词组或缩略语）

英文解释词汇 A system of symbols and rules used for communication with or computer language 计算机语言 between computers. A high-level computer programming language designed to support Pascal language structured programming and used in teaching, applications, and systems programming. To make as perfect or effective as possible. A specifically defined division in a system of classification; a class. Optimize 使最优化 Category 种类类别 To change (something) into another form, substance, state, or product; Convert 转变变换 transform: A program operating on symbolic input data to produce the equivalent Assembler 汇编程序 executable machine code. To examine or consider (a subject) in speech or writing. A defect in the code or routine of a program. To translate (a program) into machine language. To be or provide a substitute for. 〖Ex. 5〗把下列短文翻译成中文

佳能打印机有五种样式，价格从$80 到 $500不等，满足了任何想打印相片用户的需求。对于个别不常用的用户，可以选用佳能i455和i475D桌面相片打印机。对于性能要求更高，每种颜色要使用分开的墨盒的用户可以选择中档的i560和i860。对于专业照相师，可以使用i9100相片打印机，它能够打印13 X 19英寸的大相片。

Discuss 讨论 Bug错误 compile Replace 取代

Unit6

单词

Collection 收集收取收集物 Initialize 舒适化 Provide 供应，供给，准备，规定 Complexity 复杂性 Responsible 可靠的，可依赖的，负责的 Operating system（OS）操作系统 Petrol pump 加油泵 Word process 字处理程序微软磁盘操作系统

Remotely 远程地，遥远地 Terminal 终端 Interfere 干涉，干预，妨碍 Request 请求，要求 Priority 优先权 Interact with 与。。。交互，与。。相合 Multi-user operating system多用户操作系统 Multi-tasking operating system 多任务操作系统命令行解释程序 MSDOS（microsoft disk operating system） CLI（command line interpreter）