The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science, and is arguably the oldest such society in existence.[1] Formally founded on 15 July 1662 by Royal Charter as the \the \Invisible College\discussion. The Society today acts as a scientific advisor to Her Majesty's Government, receiving a grant-in-aid from them, funding a variety of research fellowships and scientific start-up companies and acting as the United Kingdom's Academy of Sciences.
The Society is governed by its Council, which is chaired by Society's President, according to a set of Statutes and Standing Orders. The members of Council and the President are elected from and by its Fellows, the basic members of the Society, who are themselves elected by existing Fellows. There are currently 1,314 Fellows,
allowed to use the postnominal title FRS (Fellow of the Royal Society), with 44 new Fellows appointed each year. There are also Royal Fellows, Honorary Fellows and Foreign Fellows, the last of which are allowed to use their postnomial title
ForMemRS (Foreign Member of the Royal Society). The current President is Lord Rees of Ludlow. Since 1967, the Society has been based at 6–9 Carlton House Terrace, a Grade I listed building in central London that underwent a substantial renovation between 1999 and November 2003.
The Nobel Prize (Swedish: Nobelpriset) is an annual, international award originating in Sweden. The award was established in 1895 by the Swedish chemist and inventor of dynamite Alfred Bernhard Nobel.[1][2] It was first awarded in 1901 for
achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, was instituted by Sweden's central bank in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.[3] Although the Nobel Prize in Economics is not technically a Nobel Prize, its winners are announced with the Nobel Prize recipients and it is presented at the Nobel Prize Award Ceremony. The Nobel Prizes in the specific disciplines (physics, chemistry, physiology or
medicine, and literature) and the Prize in Economics are widely regarded as the most prestigious award one can receive in those fields.[3]
A recipient of the Nobel Prize (called a laureate) earns a gold medal, a diploma bearing a citation and a sum of money.[4][5] The amount of money awarded depends on the income of the Nobel Foundation that year. In 2009, the amount was 10 million SEK (US$1.4 million) per prize.[6] If a prize is awarded to more than one laureate, the money is either split evenly among them or, for three laureates, it may be divided into a half and two quarters.[7]
The prizes are awarded by different associations. The Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences are awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded by the Nobel Assembly at (the) Karolinska Institutet; and the Nobel Prize
in Literature is granted by the Swedish Academy.[8][9] The Nobel Peace Prize is not awarded by a Swedish organisation, but rather by the Norwegian Nobel Committee.[8][9]
The Nobel Prize has been criticised for not always choosing the best candidates, the lack of a Nobel Peace prize for Mahatma Gandhi being a prime example.[10] Also controversial is the strict rule against a prize being awarded to more than three people at once. This inevitably means one or more people will not be recognised if a notable achievement is accomplished by a team of collaborators.[11] Similarly, the prohibition of posthumous awards fails to recognise achievements by a collaborator who happens to die before the prize is awarded
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize
Science Magazine was a half-hour television show produced by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) from 1975 to 1979.
The show was hosted by geneticist David Suzuki, who previously hosted the daytime youth programme Suzuki On Science. Science Magazine moved beyond the youth audience and was mostly broadcast during prime time, except for occasional sessions where the show was repeated at afternoon times.
The program featured news and features on scientific research and developments. Regular items within the show included \Jan Tennant and Cy Strange of the CBC were the program's film feature narrators. Science Magazine, as such, ended production when the CBC joined it with The Nature of Things, keeping the latter as title and Suzuki as host.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Magazine
Harvard University (incorporated as The President and Fellows of Harvard College) is a private university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts and a member of the Ivy League. Established in 1636 by the colonial Massachusetts legislature,[2] Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and currently comprises ten separate academic units.[5] It is also the first and oldest corporation in the United States.[6]
Initially called \renamed Harvard College on March 13, 1639. It was named after John Harvard, a young clergyman from the London Borough of Southwark and alumnus of the University of Cambridge (after which Cambridge, Massachusetts is named), who bequeathed the College his library of four hundred books and ￡779 (which was half of
his estate), assuring its continued operation.[7] The earliest known official reference to Harvard as a \Massachusetts Constitution of 1780. During his 40-year tenure as Harvard president (1869–1909), Charles William Eliot radically transformed Harvard into the pattern of the modern research university. Eliot's reforms included elective courses, small classes, and entrance examinations. The Harvard model influenced American education nationally, at both college and secondary levels.
Harvard has the second-largest financial endowment of any non-profit organization (behind the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation), standing at $26 billion as of
September 2009[citation needed]. Harvard is consistently ranked at the top and as a leading academic institution in the world by numerous media and academic rankings.
实用英语电子教案3(第四版)Unit 4 unit 4教学素材
