高考英语专题复习-时态语态讲解及练习

时态语态及一般用法 谓语构成 时间状语 特殊用法 一般现在时： Be (am, is, are) do always,usually,eve1)按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻1)经常性或习惯性的动作 表将要发生的事 / does ry time,seldom, 2)现在的特征，状态 及能am / is / are done sometimes often, 2)在时间、条件、方式状语从力 句中，用一般现在时代替一now 3)普遍真理, 格言警句 般将来时。 and then, 特殊句型:1)Here/There occasionally comes our teacher.(一般现在时表正发生动作)

2)It is/has been+时段+since…. 一般过去时： 表示过去发生的，和现在无联系的动作或状态或习惯动作 be (was, were) yesterday, last did week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now was/were done next…, tomorrow, 1）一般将来时可用来表示一in+时段，from now 种倾向或习惯性动作. on, in the future, eg. Oil will float on water. Whenever he has time, he will come. 其否定式表示“不能… 没法…” The machine won’t work.(机器没法开动) 2）Cf:be going to 表示说话前已经作出的主观的打算或计划，或用来表达有某种迹象要发生的事 will do表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性 be to do表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。 be about to do “正要干什么…”，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示 将来的时间状语连用。常与when 连用，when意为：“就在这时”，是并列连词 构成句一般将来时： will/shall do 将来某个时刻（或某段时am/is/are going to 间内）将来要发生的动作 do am/is/are to do am/is/ are about to do will/shall be done would/should be done was/were going to be done 第 1 页 共 7 页

型： …be about to do …when… 现在完成时:1．表示过去have/has done 发生的某一动作对现在have/has been 造成的影响或结果， 有done 时没有时间状语，有时有时间状They have cleaned the classroom. (They cleaned the classroom and it is clean now.)2． 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继续下去的动作状态。for+时段, since, so 特殊句型: far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past(…)years, always, recently 1)It’s the first time that…(have/has done). 2)It has been/is +时间段+since…. This is the best film that I have ever seen. 3)短暂性动词的完成时不与时间段连用, 如需连用可转化成相应的延续性动词, 如die—be dead , leave—be He hasn’t given me any away , come back –be back , more trouble since then. fall in love with ---be in love with , marry—be married to , join –be a member of /be in… He has died. He has been dead 3 years.(He died 3 years ago.) 高考英语二轮时态语态一览表及练习 时态、语态及一般用法： 现在完成进行时： 将来完成时表将来某时已发生的动作. 谓语构成 时间状语 特殊用法： have/has doing have/has being done been all day long, the whole been morning, for+时段 表示现在以前这段时间内一直在进行或反复的动作.(可能仍在进行， 也可能停了一会儿.) 1）How long has it been raining?2）I’ve been sitting here all day. 有时也用来表揣测. They will have arrived by now. We worked together for a year. He won’t have forgotten me. will/shall have by +将来时间. done be going to have done will/shall have I shall been done have be going to have finished been done it before lunch. The new building 第 2 页 共 7 页

will have been completed by the end of August. 过去完成had done 时 had been done 表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。 …before, by, until, when, after, once by the end of +过去时间 1）用于hardly …when ;no sooner…than …（一….就…）等句子中。 Hardly had we arrived when she started complaining. 2）hope ,think expect ,intend ,mean ,suppose ,want ,imagine等，用于过去完成时，表示过去未实现的希望或意图。 I had hoped to take my seat in all this noise without being found. 我本希望乘着这些噪音不被发现地坐到位置上。（但实际上未实现） 3)It is the first time +从句（从句用现在完成时have/has done）； It was the first time +从句（用过去完成时had done）。 eg. It is the first time that I’ve been here. It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune. 4)用于对过去假设的虚拟语气中的从句。 If I had known his telephone number yesterday, I would have called 5)by the time+从句（用一般过去时）作状语，主句用过去完成时We had finished the work by 现在进行时： 1．表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。 2．表示现阶段一直在进行的动作 ，但说话时不am/is/are doing am/is/are done these days, nowadays, being at present, at the moment, now last month( by the time he came.) 1)下列动词用现在进行时可以表示将来很快要发生的动作，即一般将来时。如：go ,come, leave, begin, arrive ,return, fly, drive，take等。 We’re moving to the new building next week. 2)下列副词always, continually , constantly, never 等常一般现在时连用，但若用于进行时则表示厌恶或赞扬的感情色彩。 You are always forgetting the important things. 3．无进行时态的动词：表“存在、所有、知觉、认为，感情”等状态 存在： keep ,stay , remain , be, consist of , contain 第 3 页 共 7 页