(完整版)人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit10SectionA教材全解

人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit10SectionA教材全解

Unit 10 I’d like some noodles

Unit 10 Section A课文全析

1.Special 1特色菜1（1号特色菜）

【重点注释】special在此是可数名词，在这里表示“特色菜；特价商品；特别的东西；特殊的事物”之意，有时可作“特别之物；特别节目；特刊”等解释。例如：Thursday’s special is steak.星期四的特色菜是牛排。Today’s Special!今日特价！I’d like some specials.我想要一些特色菜。Special 1 is my favourite.1号特色菜是我最喜欢的。We have some great specials.我们有一些很好的特价品。 【拓展记忆】special作形容词时，意为“特别的，特殊的”。Specially是其副词形式，意为“特别地”。例如：There is nothing special for me today.对我来说，今天没什么特殊的。I would like to give you a special present.我想要给你一份特别的礼物。It’s a special day today.今天是个特别的日子。Is there anything special in the newspaper today?今天报纸上有什么特别的东西吗？【注意】与special相关的短语：a special train专列；a special hospital专科医院，special education特殊教育。 【试题链接】——What was Jim wearing at the party?

——Nothing .He was in his usual shirt and jeans. A.special B.simple C.important D.interesting （答案：A）

2.What would you like?你想要什么？

【重点注释】would like意为“想要，愿意”，相当于want，但语气比want更加委婉，多用于口语中，would like没有人称和数的变化，后接名词或代词。例如：I would like a cup of coffee.我要两杯咖啡。He’d like some milk.他想要些牛奶。【注意】主语是人称代词时，would可以和前面的人称代词缩写为“…’d”，例如：I’d=I would,she’d=she would，they’d=they would……

【拓展记忆】would like的用法：1）would like sth.，即would like后接名词或代词，意为“想要某物”，表示“具体要”某样东西。例如：I’d like some books.我想要些书。I’d like two sweaters for my daughters.我想给我的女儿们买两件毛衣。2）would like to do sth.，即would like后接动词不定式to+动词原形，意为“想要做某事”，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。例如：I’d like to buy two sweaters for my daughters.我想给我的女儿们买两件毛衣。I’d like to play table tennis.我想要打乒乓球。I’d like to drink some water.我想要喝些水。Would you like to come to supper?你想要来吃晚饭吗？3）would like sb.to do sth.，即would like后接人，然后接动词不定式to+动词原形，意为“想要某人做某事”。例如：I’d like you to meet them.我想要你见他们。I would like the boy to go home.我想要这个男孩回家。4）当主语是第一人称时，would可与should换用。例如：I should like the red one.我想要红色的。5）would和should都可以缩写成’d，would like和should like的like可以换成love。例如：I’m sure( that) he’d love to come.我确信他愿意来。6）would like的句型转化，直接借助于would。例如：I’d like some apples. →I’d not like some apples.=I wouldn’t like any apples. →Would you like some apples? →What would you like?

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【辨析记忆】Would you like…？意为“你（们）想要……吗？”，表示向对方提出客气的、有礼貌的请求、邀请、希望或询问等，句中有some时不必变成any。常用句型如下：1）Would you like ＋名词或代词“你想要点……吗？”，如：Would you like one more glass?您需要再来一杯么？2）Would you like ＋to do sth.“你想要干什么吗？”，如：Would you like to look around?你想各处看看吗? 3）Would you please + do sth.“请你……好吗？”，如：Would you please come tonight?你今晚来一下好吗?Would you please not do this ?请你不要这样做好吗？4）Please + do sth.，如：Please come here.请过来一下。【注意】Would you like…？的回答。回答Would you like…？的句型时，肯定回答一般用Yes,please.或Yes,I’d（We’d） like(love) to./Certainly./Yes,thank you.等；否定回答一般用No,thanks./No,thank you.等。回答Would you like to…？句型时，to不能省略。例如：——Would you like some green tea?——Yes,please./No,thanks.是的，请。不，谢谢。——Would you like to visit the zoo?——Yes,I’d like/love to.你想要去参观动物园吗？是的，我想去。——Would you like to go skating?——Yes,I’d like/love to（I’d love to,but I have to look after my little sister at home.）你想去滑冰吗？是的，我想去。（我很想去，可我必须在家照顾我的小妹。）

3.I’m not sure yet.我还不确定呢（我还没想好）。

【重点注释】①在口语中，I’m not sure.常用来表达把握性不大的事。例如：——Our teacher is coming ,isn’t it?我们的老师要来，是吗？——I’m not sure.我不太清楚。 【拓展记忆】sure的用法：sure用作形容词，意为“肯定的；当然的；有把握的”。当对方询问你是否对某事有把握时，你觉得有把握用“I'm sure.”。把握性不大时用“I'm not sure.”。1）be sure(不接其它词)，意为“肯定的”。例如：Are you sure? 你能肯定吗？I think he is coming, but I'm not quite sure.我想他要来，但我不十分肯定。2）be sure to do sth. 表示要求，意为“务必做某事；请一定做某事”，多用于祈使句。例如：Be sure to telephone me and give me all the news.请一定要给我打电话，让我知道所有的消息。be sure to do sth.还可表示一种推断，意为“一定做某事；肯定做某事”。例如：The child is sure to be a teacher.这孩子一定会成为一名教师。You are sure to win. 你(们)肯定会赢。3）be sure of / about (doing) sth. 表示人对某事(物)的看法，意为“对……有把握”。其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。例如：Are you sure of passing the exam? 你有把握通过考试吗？I'm not sure about English grammar. 我对英语语法没有把握。4）be sure+从句，意为“确信”。例如：I'm not sure that he will come. 我不确信他会来。5）sure 在句子中还可用作定语，意为“确信的、可靠的、稳定的”。例如：Put the key in a sure place.把钥匙放在一个可靠的地方。另外，常见的与sure相关的短语还有：be sure of oneself 有自信心，for sure的确；确实地。【注意】sure用作副词，意为“当然；的确；一定”，常用来回答一般疑问句，意为“当然；的确”，相当于yes或certainly。只是sure 在英国英语中较为常用，而在美国英语中常用certainly。例如：——Are you going with us? 你和我们一起去吗？——Sure. 当然啦。make sure意为“查明；弄清楚”。其后可接of，about或that从句。即：make sure of/ make sure about /make sure that /make sure to do. 例如：You should make sure of the time. 你应该把时间弄清楚。She made sure that she turned off the light. 她确定她已关灯了。Make sure to lock the door before you go out.出去之前一定要锁上门。

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②yet为副词，意为“还；仍然；已经”，通常用于否定句或疑问句中，置于句末。【注意】肯定句中常用still表示“还，仍然”，用already表示“已经”。例如：He hasn’t answered yet.他还没有回答。Is everything ready yet?一切都准备好了吗？He is still at home now.他现在还在家里。I have already had lunch.我已经吃过午饭了。 【拓展记忆】yet还可作并列连词，意为“然而；但是；可是”。例如：It is strange,and yet it is true.真奇怪，却是真的。He studied hard,yet he failed.他学习努力，可是考试仍没有通过。

【试题链接】句型转换：She has already come back from Hong Kong.(改为否定句) She come back from Hong Kong .(hasn’t;yet) 4.——Are there any vegetables in the beef noodles?牛肉面里有一些蔬菜吗？ ——Yes,there are some tomatoes.是的，有一些西红柿。

【重点注释】①该问句和应答语分别是there be句型的一般疑问句，其结构为“Is/Are there+某物/某人+地点/时间状语？”，询问“某地或某时有某物吗？”，句中的be（am/is/are）和后面所跟的名词在数上保持一致，肯定回答为：Yes,there is/are.否定回答为：No,there isn’t/aren’t.例如：——Is there any meat in the tomato and egg soup?——Yes,there is./No,there isn’t.西红柿鸡蛋汤里有肉吗？是的，有。/不，没有。——Are there any differences between them?——Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.它们之间有什么区别吗？是的，有。/不，没有。

【拓展记忆】there be句型的否定句和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，“not a/an/any+名词”相当于“no+名词”。例如：There is not any meat in the tomato and egg soup.=There is no meat in the tomato and egg soup.西红柿鸡蛋汤里没有肉。

【试题链接】句型转换：There are some flowers in the garden.(改为一般疑问句) any flowers in the garden? (Are there)

②beef不可数名词，意为“牛肉”，beef noodles意为“牛肉面”。此处beef作名词noodles的定语。当一个名词在另一个名词前充当定语时，起修饰作用的名词通常用其单数形式。例如：a noodle house一家面馆，twin brothers双胞胎兄弟，an apple tree一棵苹果树。【注意】被修饰的名词变复数时，一般情况下，作定语用的名词不需要变为复数形式，但由man或woman以及sport作定语修饰的名词变成复数时，两部分皆要变为复数形式，即man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，要与所修饰的名词的单复数保持一致，a man doctor—men doctors 男医生,a woman singer—women singers女歌手，a man/woman teacher—men/women teachers男/女老师；sport常用复数形式作定语，sports shoes运动鞋，sports meeting运动会。例如：There are two apple trees in front of my house.我房前有两棵苹果树。There are 50 women teachers in our school.我们学校有50名女教师。Two men workers are working there.两名男工人正在那儿工作。

【试题链接】All the in our school enjoyed themselves on March 8th

because it was their own holiday.

A.men teachers B.women teachers C.woman teacher （答案：B）

【试题链接】——What kind of porridge would you like,Alice?

——I would like .

A.egg porridge B.eggs porridge C.fish porridges D.fishes porridge

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（考查名词作定语的用法。porridge[‘p?r?d?] n.粥；麦片粥；稀饭；肉汤，是不可数名词。答案：A） ③some意为“一些”，常用于肯定句中。例如：I have some new books.我有些新书。There is some water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。【拓展】some可用于表示建议、邀请的疑问句中。例如：Shall I bring some food to the party?我要带些食物参加聚会吗？Would you like some apple juice?你想要些苹果汁吗?

④tomato西红柿，复数tomatoes；potato土豆，复数形式potatoes。【注意】以-o结尾的名词变复数，一般加-s，特殊的加-es。加-es变复数的名词，可以用一句话记忆：英雄（heroes）和黑人（negroes）喜欢吃土豆（potatoes）和西红柿（tomatoes ）。下列名词变复数直接加-s：zoo，photo，piano，video，bamboo…… 5.What kind of noodles would you like?你想要哪种面条？ 【重点注释】①what kind of…意为“什么种类的……；什么样的……；哪种……” 。What kind of…would you like？是口语中十分常用的句型，用来询问某人想要什么样的（哪种）物品。例如：What kind of animals do you like?你喜欢什么动物？What kind of movies would you like?你想看什么样的电影？What kind of birthday presents would you like?你想要什么样的生日礼物？ ②kind可数名词，意为“种，种类；类型”。常构成短语：a kind of一种，all kinds of各种各样的，different kinds of不同种类的。例如：There is a kind of sheep in the zoo.动物园里有一种羊。An apple is a kind of fruit.苹果是一种水果。There are all kinds of food in the fridge.冰箱里有各种各样的食物。There are all kinds of animals in the zoo.动物园里有各种各样的动物。

【拓展记忆】1）kind还可作形容词，意为“亲切的；和蔼的；仁慈的；友爱的”，be kind to=be friendly to对某人友好/和善/亲切。例如：He is kind to everyone.他对每一个人都很友善。They are very kind to me.他们对我很好。Mr.Brown is a very kind man.布朗先生是一个很和蔼的人。2)kind of意为“稍微；有点儿；有几分”，后跟形容词或副词，相当于a little,a bit,a little bit。例如：She’s kind of shy.她有点儿害羞。The elephant is kind of cute.那头大象有点儿可爱。3）That’s /It’s very kind of you.在口语中作为对别人提供帮助的感谢语，意思是“你（真）太好了。” 【试题链接】——Do you know that there are many different animals in the zoo?

——Yes,I do.And I also know that some of them are scaring. A.kinds of;kind of B.kinds of;kinds of C.kind of;kinds of D.kind of;kind of

（different kinds of不同种类的；kind of后接形容词，意为“有点儿”。答案：A） 6.May I take your order?（请问您）可以点菜了吗？/我可以记下你点的菜吗？ 【重点注释】本句为餐馆里服务员常用语。类似的还有：Can I help you?What can I do for you?回答一般先说“Yes,please.”，然后跟上“I’d like……”说明点什么菜。例如：——May I take your order,sir?——Yes,please.I’d like beer and potatoes.先生，您点什么菜？是的。我想吃牛肉烧土豆。【注意】1)order此处作可数名词，意为“点菜，订购”。例如：I want to give the bookshop an order for this book.我想向书店订购这本书。2)order也可用作动词，意为“点菜；预订”。例如：I’d like to order some noodles.我想点些面。Can we order on the phone?我们可以用电话订货吗？Would you like to order some bread?你想不想来些面包？The man ordered a table for six at the restaurant.这位先生在餐馆里订了一张六人位的桌子。3)take one’s order意为“记下某人点的菜；点菜”。例如：Please take your order.请点菜。

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【拓展记忆】1）order可作动词，意为“命令，嘱咐”。常用结构为：order sb.to do sth.“命令某人做某事”。例如：The doctor ordered him to stay there.医生嘱咐他留在那里。He ordered us to stay at home.他命令我们呆在家里。2）order可作不可数名词，意为“秩序，顺序；命令”。例如：He found everything in the house in good order.他发现屋子里秩序井然。Look!Your house is out of order.看！你的家太乱了。Put the sentences in right order.按正确的顺序排列句子。The order still goes.命令仍然有效。3）order可构成in order to…或in order that…，意为“为了……”。例如：He gets up early in order to catch the early bus.= He gets up early in order that he can catch the early bus.他早起床是为了赶上早班车。

7.We’d like one bowl of beef soup.我们想要一碗牛肉汤。 【重点注释】bowl可数名词，意为“碗；一碗的容量”；a bowl of意为“一碗……”，two bowls of“两碗……”，其后通常接不可数名词，强调容量而不是数量；表示复数概念时，直接把bowl变为复数即可。例如：Mary only eats a bowl of porridge for breakfast.玛丽早餐只喝一碗粥。There are two bowls of rice on the table.桌子上有两碗米饭。They’d like two bowls of rice.他们想要两碗米饭。 【拓展记忆】“冠词/数词+容器名称+of+名词”结构常用来表示不可数名词的量。例如：a bottle of water一瓶水；a glass of milk一杯牛奶；a cup of tea一杯茶；a piece of paper一张纸；a pair of glasses一幅眼镜；a pair of trousers一条裤子。 8.What size would you like?你们要多大碗的？（你想要多大碗的？） 【重点注释】size名词，意为“尺寸；尺码；大小”，既可以表示物体的大小，也可以用来表示服装、鞋帽等得尺码、号码。提问尺寸大小的时候，常用句型为“What size+（名词）+一般疑问句？”，what size…？是用来询问物体的大小、尺寸的常用句型，what size什么尺码。例如：What size bowl of noodles would you like?你需要多大碗的面条？What size is your apartment?你的公寓多大？——What size shoes do you need?——Size 38.你需要多大号的鞋？38号。——What size shoes does your father wear?——He wears size8 shoes.他穿8号鞋。

【拓展记忆】1）size还可作动词，意为“按大小排列”。例如：Please size the shoes from small to large.把鞋从小到大排列。2）英语中的尺寸有：large大号；medium中号；small小号。3）辨析：1.what size shoes do you wear？2.what size of dessert would you like，small, medium or large？3.what size bowl of noodles would you like? 为什么1中没有“of“，而2中有？因为第一个shoes是有明确的size 1, 2, 3, 4这样的，而甜点的大小应该是从整块中切出来的，是整体的一个部分，要用of，换句话说：what size加有具体号码/型号的名词，而what size of 加没有具体号码/型号的名词。至于第3句，我们知道在餐馆中有a medium bowl of noodles中碗面条，a small bowl of noodles小碗面条等的表述，这里what size 也是多大型号的意思，问句是提问的I’d like a small/medium/large bowl of noodles.的画线部分而来的。He wears size 8 shoes.（对划线部分提问）→What size shoes does he wear? 【试题链接】—— bowl of mutton soup would you like? ——A big bowl,please.

A.What size B.What big C.How much D.How size

（由答语“请来一大碗”可知是对碗的型号提问，问句应是“你想要多大碗的羊肉汤？”。英语中what size是针对型号进行提问的，故答案：A） 9.Large,please.请来大碗的。

【重点注释】large,形容词，意为“大号的；大的”，表示具体事物面积和体积大

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