2014高考英语任务型阅读专题（一）
一、任务型阅读的题型特点
江苏省高考英语任务型阅读题目要求“根据所读，用恰当的词语补全全文提纲，概括关键内容”。任务型阅读提供了两种示例——表格式和树状式。题例中要求考生根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意每空一词。其中在第二示例中特别强调“补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求”。这些要求考生能够顺利读懂文章，并能够掌握文章大意和分析文章结构框架。同时也要求考生拥有扎实的语法和词汇知识，做到自如应用。
二、任务型阅读题的解题技巧及方法： 任务型阅读的解题方法和步骤：
1. 在读文章之前，快速浏览和了解图表的类型及要求，明确阅读的具体任务，以便在阅读文章时直接查找相关信息，提高解题的速度和准确性。
2. 通读、细读和复读文章，利用图表结构和内容帮助理解短文，把握短文的主题思想和理清短文的主体结构，获取关键信息。
3. 获取关键信息后，根据题目要求，对信息进行梳理和加工，并通过恰当的语言形式，形成正确的表达。
完成任务型阅读题的图表时，要注意以下五个方面：
1. 抓住短文的主题思想：如果表格中提供了小标题，要特别加以注意，因为它通常揭示了段落主题。读懂标题有助于把握短文大意和表格结构。
2. 理清短文的主体结构：了解短文的写作思路和线索，有助于加深对篇章内容的理解，同时短文的结构往往也是重要的命题线索，表格项目基本上就是根据篇章结构设计的。
3. 分析表格设计思路：根据已有的表格内容提示来确定短文表格的设计线索，理清表格的设计思路。
4. 确定表格中各项答案：在完成了上面三步的基础上，再回到短文中寻找确定答案的关键词语，从而确定正确答案。
5. 书写答案时，要注意书写工整、语言规范，注意同一级栏目下词形的一致性，还要注意子母的大小写。
三、任务型阅读题的解题策略
1.注意词形转换、反义词、同义词、主动语态改为被动语态等
○1Don’t forget there may also be some other problems. = Do _________ there may also be some other problems.
○2.Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous.
= Shyness and ___________ make it easy to make mistakes. ○328 of the 33 gold medalists wore the body covering Rastskin suit.
=Rastskin suit was __________ by 28 of the 33 gold medal winners at the Sydney Olympics.
○4To achieve success, you need to have a clear aim and strong determination. =If you are to _________, you should be determined. ○5 Don’t speak in an angry way.
=Don’t speak ___________
○6After-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.
= After-school programming is an effective method to help young people make ____________to society.
○7The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.
A tsunami(海啸) hits southern Africa, ______ cities on the African coast, and_________ millions of people.
○8 Be responsible for your own learning =Take ____________for your own learning
○9Skin color is also affected by another source vitamin D. =Vitamin D is another source___________ skin color.
1○0 We should consider what the other person needs and expects. =Needs and ___________ of others should be taken into ______________. 2. 注意句子结构转换
○1The cheating athlete is not easy to catch out. = The cheating athlete is not __________ caught out. ○2Building a list can be difficult.
= A list can be difficult to ____________=It can be difficult to build a list ○3It should offer important information.
= It’s ___________ to offer important information. ○4 Find some information before you talk to career advisers. =Find some information before ________ career advisers.
○5About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times faster than sound.
=One piece hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the __________ of sound. ○6Please greet others whenever you can. =Please greet others whenever____________
○7 As the company expands, it becomes more popular. =With the company ___________, it becomes more popular. ○8It’s worth taking the time.
=The time you spend will be ___________ 3. 另选其它词来释义（注意常用短语的记忆）
○1You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly.
=You are encouraged to keep records of the sources just in __________. ○2People play indoor sports in all weathers. = People play indoor sports __________ the weather.
○3Half of the parents didn’t know about their children’s motor skills. = Half of the parents were not __________ of their children’s motor skills.
○4These amateur athletes will probably never become rich or famous. They must work at their jobs while training.
=These amateur athletes will probably never become rich or famous and they must ____________ their work with training.
○5 Don’t spend time on some meaningless words. =____________spending time on some meaningless words. 四、实战训练
根据所给句子的意思填上适当的词。每个空格只填一个单词。
1.What should we do so that our communication will be effective? What should we do to communicate ______________?
2.Good communication ___________ on （取决于）good personal qualities. 3.The total __________ of libraries in North America is over 135,000. 4.In this way all works can be easily located by readers.
In this way readers will have little ____________ locating what they want.
5. All you have to do is to take control of your emotions and make them positive instead of letting them control you.
You have to control your emotions and make them positive instead of being _______ by them. 6.Another great way to keep yourself motivated over the holiday is to find a friend who…… Another great way to keep up your ____________ for reading over the holiday is to find…. 7.Advertising agencies appeared in the latter part of the 19th century.
Advertising agencies came into ________________ in the latter part of the 19th century. 8. Advertising spending has increased dramatically in recent years. There has been a ____________ in advertising spending. 9. We prefer to be a little cautious at this stage. More ____________ is needed at this stage.
10. In the early 1900s the birth rate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. The birth rate was on the __________ and more people got divorced. 11.2.6 billion people lack proper wastewater treatment.
2.6 billion people are __________ of proper wastewater treatment.
12. The UN aims to cut in half by the year 2015 the population unable to reach or afford safe drinking water.
The UN aims to cut in half by the year 2015 the population having no _________ to safe drinking water.
13. Your own weight is the amount of the force that holds you to the earth. The force that holds you to the earth is ___________ to your own weight.
14.Studies have shown that the presence of natural green spaces and plants is connected with a 50 percent reduction in the incidents of violent crime.
The incidents of violent crime have ___________ in places where there are natural green
spaces and plants.
15.Most of the world’s rainforests are topical rainforests that grow in warm places near the earth’s equator.
The ___________ of the rainforests are topical forests, while another…… 16. The trees take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. The trees __________ carbon dioxide and give off oxygen.
17. Conservationists are looking for ways that people can use the forests without destroying them. Conservationist are trying to use the forests without causing ____________. 18.You should walk fast enough to cause you to breathe hard. Walk fast enough to cause you to breathe with __________.
19.The drawbacks of hosting the Olympics should be taken into careful consideration. The drawbacks need to be carefully ____________ as well.
20.She is considered as a role model and an inspiration by many of her peers. She is really a role model, _____________ many people.
21.The viewers who watch it five times a week learn more than those who watch it occasionally _______________ viewers learn more than occasional ones. 22.The marriage lasted until 1990.
Their marriage ___________ up in 1990. 23.They should concentrate on improving their skills. They should focus on the ____________ of their skills.
24.As China’s economy continues to steam ahead, once popular forms of entertainment appeal to be losing their appeal.
With China’s _______ development, some forms of entertainment no longer appeal to people 25. They are far better than those of the West. They are ____________ to those of the West.
【优质】高考英语任务型阅读专题一
