语法专项（三）主谓一致
Ⅰ 单句语法填空
1．(2019·甘肃兰州一中月考)Each student (learn) a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.
learns 解析：主语是each student，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
2．(2019·湖南益阳箴言中学模拟)He has donated some money to those who live in poverty, which (be) of great help.
is 解析：句意：他给那些生活贫困的人捐了一些钱，这帮了大忙。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面主句的内容，故从句谓语动词应用单数；根据空前的has donated可知此处应用一般现在时。故填is。
3．(2019·四川部分名校联测)At the foot of the mountain (lie) an old village which has a beautiful view.
lies 解析：当介词短语置于句首时，句子应用完全倒装，去除修饰部分which has a beautiful view后，还原成正常语序为：An old village (lie) at the foot of the mountain.。句意：山顶上坐落着一间能一览全城美景的古老小屋。结合定语从句的时态可以判断，此处应用一般现在时，故填lies。
4．(2019·湖北八校第一次联考)The publication of Great Expectations, which (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
was 解析：句意：受到广泛好评和高度称赞的《远大前程》的出版巩固了狄更斯作为一名杰出小说家的地位。分析句子结构可知，which引导定语从句，其先行词是Great
Expectations，这是一本书，所以定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式，另根据strengthened
可知，此处应用一般过去时，故用was。
5．(2019·浙江金丽衢十二校联考)She took the lift to the eleventh floor, and the secretary showed her where her desk and her computer (be)．
were 解析：在where引导的宾语从句中，主语是her desk and her computer，谓语动词须用复数形式。
6．(2019·吉林长春外国语学校质检)What they need most (be) money while what we need most (be) textbooks.
is; are 解析：what引导的从句作主语时，若主句谓语部分是系表结构，主句谓语动词的数通常要与作表语的名词/代词的数保持一致，money为不可数名词，textbooks为可数名词复数，故第一空用is，第二空用are。
7．(2019·湖南怀化一模)More than one doctor (be) involved in the
rescue that took place after the earthquake.
was 解析：句意：许多医生都加入到了震后的营救工作中。“more than one＋可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据从句用一般过去时可知，主句也应用一般过去时。故填was。
8．(2019·湖南师大附中月考)Professor James will give us a lecture on Western culture, and he as well as his assistants (be) to arrive by air.
is 解析：句意：詹姆斯教授将给我们做一次关于西方文化的演讲，他和他的助理将乘飞机到达。as well as连接并列成分时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与前面主语保持一致。
9．(2019·河南部分重点中学联考)A survey of the opinions of experts (show) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week (be) good for one’s health.
shows；is 解析：主句主语是A survey，故主句谓语用单数，第一空填shows；第二空前的three hours of outdoor exercise a week表示整体概念，故从句谓语动词用单数形式。
10．(2019·河北武邑中学第二次调研)There (be) a dog and three ducks in the yard, in the middle of which (be) two tall trees with great shade.
is；are 解析：在there be句式中，谓语动词的数取决于最靠近be的名词(短语)，由题干中的a dog可知，第一空用is。第二空用are, two tall trees with great shade表示复数概念，作表语的介词短语提前构成了倒装。
Ⅱ 单句改错
1．(2019·西安模拟)Then a foreigner and the boss was having a conversation, but the boss didn’t know what the foreigner said.
was→were 解析：句子的主语a foreigner and the boss是两个人，故was改为were。 2．(2019·河南百校联盟教学质量检测)There was many tasks I had to finish. Besides，I attended English and Math training classes because of my weaknesses in the two subjects.
was→were 解析：考查there be...句型的主谓一致。be动词的单复数取决于后面紧邻的主语的单复数，此处主语为复数，be动词应用复数，故将was改为were。
3．(2019·福州八中质检)As the saying go，“United we stand; divided we fall.” go→goes 解析：句子的主语 the saying是单数，谓语应用第三人称单数，故go改为goes。
4. She is one of the students who has passed the exams. has→have 解析：先行词为the students，而非one，关系代词who在从句中作主语，其谓语动词的数与先行词the students保持一致，故has改为have。
5．Last month, the family as well as their dog, was trapped on the roof by the flood.
was→were 解析：as well as连接两个并列成分，谓语动词的数与as well as前的主语保持一致，此处the family指一家人，故谓语动词用复数形式。
高考题型综合练
Ⅰ 语法填空
(2019·烟台一模)People release balloons for special occasions like memorial services and grand openings. It is fun and exciting. But it really causes great destruction to the environment and threatens the 1. (life) of our wildlife.
When a balloon 2. (fly) into the sky, it doesn’t end up 3. (stay) there. It eventually bursts and returns to the earth as ugly litter. Balloons can even travel thousands of miles and pollute the most remote and pure places. More 4. (sad), they can present a threat to many animals. Birds, whales, turtles and other animals often mistake balloons
5. food, which can do damage to them because balloons contain 6. (harm) chemicals. Balloons even kill animals. When an animal swallows a balloon, it can block its intestinal tract(肠道) resulting in starvation.
Part of the reason why releasing balloons 7. (permit) in so many places is that some balloons do break down eventually. However, it takes about four years
8. (break) down completely.
Watching hundreds of balloons slowly going up into the sky might give you a five-second thrill, 9. is it worth a bunch of dead animals and so many places full of rubbish? Absolutely not. 10. we should do is to get creative and come up with alternative ways to celebrate.
【解题导语】 在纪念仪式和盛大的开幕式等特殊场合，人们会放气球来增加气氛，虽然有趣且令人兴奋，但同时也会对环境造成很大的破坏，威胁野生动物的生命安全。
1．lives 解析：考查名词的复数形式。life为可数名词，此处指野生动物的生命，因此用复数形式。
2．flies 解析：考查主谓一致。句子的主语是a balloon，且由主句谓语doesn’t end up可知，从句谓语动词应用一般现在时、单数形式。
3．staying 解析：考查非谓语动词。end up doing sth.以……告终。 4．sadly 解析：考查词性转换。此处作状语，故用副词形式。
2020版高考英语复习语法专项(三)主谓一致核心考点针对练(含2019届新题,含解析)北师大版
