语法专项（二）定语从句
Ⅰ 单句语法填空
1．(2019·河南中原名校联考)I have made a habit of saying“Thank you” to those offer their seats to the fellow passengers on public transport.
who 解析：句意：我已经习惯对那些在公共交通工具上把座位让给同车的乘客的人说声“谢谢”。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为those，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
2．(2019·山西晋商四校联考)Finally, after four hours, they arrived at the campsite their parents were waiting.
where 解析：句意：最后，在4个小时之后他们到达了营地，他们的父母正在那里等着他们。先行词为campsite，将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
3．(2019·江西重点中学联盟联考)At Pets Corner, we have always tried to apply an honest and moral approach to everything we do.
that 解析：句意：在宠物角，我们总是试图去将一种诚实和道德的方法运用到我们做的所有事上。此处先行词为不定代词everything，且关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that。
4．(2019·潍坊实验中学模拟)At 16, I left home to do part-time jobs, made me understand “East or west, home is the best” better.
which 解析： 第二个逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，引导词作主语且代替前面的整个句子，故用which引导。
5．(2019·甘肃兰州一中期中)By the way, it’s my sincere hope that you can spare some time for a visit to Tianjin again, has changed a lot since 2019.
which 解析： 分析句子结构可知，句中含有一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tianjin，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。
6．(2019·福建六校联考)Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to
you are travelling.
which 解析：句意：熟悉一下你要去旅行的国家的当地的法律和风俗。分析句子结构可知，本句含“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为countries，指物，故填which。
7．(2019·河南天一大联考)Beijing Opera has a history of 200 years
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origin can be seen as old local operas, especially Anhui Opera.
whose 解析：空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Beijing Opera，并在定语从句作定语，故填whose。
8．(2019·河南洛阳第一次统考)It was a time my family was going through financial difficulties.
when 解析：句意：那段时间，我的家庭正经历财政困难。根据句意以及句子结构可知空处引导定语从句，a time为先行词，空处在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。
9．(2019·福建龙岩质检)This is such a place all the people across the world are dreaming of visiting.
as 解析：句意：这是一个全世界所有的人都梦想游览的地方。定语从句的先行词为a place，其前有such修饰，应用关系代词as引导。
10．(2019·天津十二区县重点中学联考)You may search on the Internet for professors and their courses about the university may interest you.
that 解析：句意：你可以在网上搜索这所大学中你可能感兴趣的教授和他们的课程信息。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为professors and their courses，既有人又有物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用that引导。
Ⅱ 单句改错
1．(2019·湖南师大附中月考)It was known to all, the Internet is playing an important part in our daily life.
It→As 解析：逗号前为定语从句，所以要用关系词引导；It是指示代词，不能起到连接的作用；又因这个定语从句在先行词前，结合语境可知只能用as，且在句首要大写。
2．(2019·山西重点中学协作体期中)Above all, they hosted an American student last year, through that they gained lots of experience.
that→which 解析：在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，当先行词是人时，关系代词只用whom；当先行词是物或前面整个句子时，关系代词只用which。故将that改为which。
3．(2019·吉林吉大附中月考)From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth.
在bridge后加that或which 解析：分析句子结构可知，本句主语为I，谓语为have learnt，that引导宾语从句，作learnt的宾语，can serve为从句的谓语，与helps之间无连词连接，由此可判断，bridge后为定语从句，先行词为bridge，指物，在从句中作主
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语，故用that或which引导该从句。故在bridge后加that或which。
4．(2019·湖北八校联考)On an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learned to plant potatoes.
which→where或在which前加on 解析： 句意：在一个秋日的下午，我们被送到一个农场，在那里我们学会了种土豆。根据句意以及句子结构可知，句中的“which we learned to plant potatoes”为定语从句，先行词为farm，关系词在从句中作状语，表示地点，故应用关系副词where引导定语从句。此处也可以在which 前面加on，on which相当于where。
5．(2019·浙江温州中学适应性考试)There are many problems when I am abroad alone, especially when I am in the Czech Republic, its official language is not English.
its→whose 解析：句中含有一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Czech Republic，关系词在从句中作定语，所以用whose，故将its改为whose。
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高考英语语法复习定语从句真题练习含解析北师大版
