课 时 作 业 22
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(甘肃省师大附中上学期高三月考)
The National Gallery
Description：
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a different collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.
Layout：
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velázquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.
Opening Hours：
The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There：
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk)．
这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了英国伦敦国家美术馆的藏品、布局、开馆时间和到达路线。
1．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings? A．The 17th. C．The 18th. 答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Description 部分中的 It houses a different collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.可知在十三世纪的藏品中，你可以看到宗教绘画，故选B。
B．The 13th. D．The 20th.
2．Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown? A．In the East Wing. B．In the Sainsbury Wing. C．In the main West Wing. D．In the North Wing. 答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Layout 部分中的The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese.可知列奥纳多·达·芬奇的作品在the main West Wing展出，故选C。
3．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery? A．Piccadilly Circus. C．Embankment. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Getting There部分中的Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk)．可知Charing Cross到the National Gallery需要两分钟，是所用时间最短的，故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
(潜江市高三模拟)
Compared to the history of China, the history of the United States is quite short. __1__ In 1776, 13 colonies(殖民地)located on the eastern coast of North America declared independence and fought a revolution against the British. In 1783 the colonists won the revolution and gained their independence.
After the revolution, the United States bought a large section of country from Napoleon of France. This purchase doubled(加倍)the size of the United States. __2__ If he hadn't needed that money, the United States might have stayed a small country. Texas and most of what is now the southwestern part of the United States belonged to Mexico. The people of Texas fought a revolution against Mexico. __3__ Later, the United States and Mexico went to war. If Mexico had defeated the United States in that war, California and New Mexico would have been part of Mexico today. The British and the Americans both claimed the northwestern part of the country. They settled their differences with a compromise. South of the 49th parallel was the United States. North of the 49th parallel was Canada. In 1861 one half of the United States did go to war with the other half. __4__ President Lincoln wanted to free slaves. He was supported
by the North but opposed by the South. The South wanted to separate from the rest of the country and become independent. __5__
B．Leicester Square. D．Charing Cross.
Following the Civil War, the United States bought Alaska from Russia. Today it is the largest state in the country and a very important one, too.
A．This was the Civil War.
B．It was controlled by England then. C．It began little more than 200 years ago. D．After 4 years of war, the South was defeated. E．Napoleon needed money for his European wars.
F．They became independent and joined the United States. G．At that time many people didn't think Alaska was important.
这是一篇说明文。与中国的历史相比，美国的历史是相当短暂的。本文讲述了美国的独立战争、殖民历史和南北战争等。
1．C 解析：上文提到“与中国的历史相比，美国的历史是相当短暂的。”再根据下文提到“在1776年，位于北美东海岸的13个殖民地宣布独立，并与英国进行了一场革命。”C项It began little more than 200 years ago.(它开始于200多年前)承上启下。该项中的more than 200 years ago与上文quite short吻合。故选C。
2．E 解析：根据上文提到美国向法国购买了大片土地，下文提到“如果他不需要这笔钱，美国可能仍然是一个小国家。”E项Napoleon needed money for his European wars.(拿破仑在欧洲战争中需要钱)承上启下。该项中的needed money与下文的hadn't needed that money相吻合。故选E。
3．F 解析：上文提到“德克萨斯州和现在大部分的美国西南部原属于墨西哥。德克萨斯人民与墨西哥进行了一场革命。”F项They became independent and joined the United States.(他们独立并加入了美国)是上文的延续，讲述德克萨斯归属美国的历史。该项中的They指上文的The people of Texas。故选F。
4．A 解析：上文提到“1861年，美国的一半与另一半开战。”A项This was the Civil War.(这就是美国内战)承接上文，都是讲美国内战。该项中的This指的就是上文提到的In 1861 one half of the United States did go to war with the other half。
5．D 解析：上文提到“南方想要脱离这个国家的其他地区，独立出来。”D项After 4 years of war, the South was defeated.(经过4年的战争，南方被打败了)说明这场战争的结果。该项中的the South was defeated与上文中的The South wanted to separate from...吻合。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(兰州一中高三调研)
The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential (典型的) than taking afternoon tea. We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea, __1__ more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into __2__ popular pastime.
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea __3__ (comfort) while nibbling (小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon! Afternoon tea,
which __4__ (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s. It went on to become a __5__ (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.
Now there is a resurgence (复苏) in its __6__ (popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it. __7__ it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café. But if you're thinking of visiting such a place __8__ (enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid __9__ (ask) to leave.
Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I'm sure once you try it, you __10__ (agree)．
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国人非常喜欢喝下午茶，下午茶的发明把喝茶变成了一个很受欢迎的娱乐。去外边喝茶时，有些规矩是必须遵守的，否则人家可能会请你离开。
1．with 解析：考查with的复合结构。句意：我们知道英国人非常喜欢喝下午茶，每天1.6亿杯茶被喝掉。“with的复合结构”又称为“with结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。此处为with＋名词＋-ed分词 (强调名词是-ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生)。故填with。
2．a 解析：考查冠词。句意：正是下午茶的发明把喝茶变成了一个很受欢迎的娱乐。题干中泛指“一个很受欢迎的娱乐”，popular的首字母发音是辅音，故填不定冠词a。
3．comfortably 解析：考查副词。drinking是一个动词，用副词修饰动词，故填comfortably。
4．was_designed 解析：考查时态和语态。which __4__ (design) as a light snack作定语，修饰Afternoon tea，所以本句是一个定语从句，which指代先行词Afternoon tea，“下午茶”与“设计”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，这是发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填was designed。
5．fashionable 解析：考查形容词。occasion是一个名词，需要用形容词修饰名词，故填fashionable。
6．popularity 解析：考查名词。句意：现在，在英国，它的流行成一种复苏趋势。in是一个介词，后面应该接名词，故填popularity。
7．Though/Although 解析：考查连词。句意：尽管可以在家里享用，但是最好的方法是去一家精美的咖啡馆体验。题干中表示“尽管”的意思，表转折，故填Though / Although。
8．to_enjoy 解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：如果你想去这样的地方品尝甜品和美味小吃，再饮一壶刚泡好的热茶，有些规矩是必须遵守的，否则人家可能会请你离开。这里不定式作目的状语，故填to enjoy。
9．being_asked 解析：考查常用结构。句意：如果你想去这样的地方品尝甜品和美味小吃，再饮一壶刚泡好的热茶，有些规矩是必须遵守的，否则人家可能会请你离开。avoid后接doing作宾语，“你”是“被要求离开”，用被动，故填being asked。
10．will_agree 解析：考查时态。句意：我确信一旦你尝试过，你就会同意。once引导条件状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故填will agree。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(山西省忻州一中高三检测)
I left home at 17 and pay my own way through college. In the past 20 years, I have worked for everything I needed. So it shocks me what some people in their 20s, still get their life supported by our parents. Some of these parents have difficult supporting their families.
It's true that the job market is much more harder these days. Therefore, there are certainly some ways to make living on our own. Even if our parents is nice enough to pay for our college, we shouldn't burden them with our problems. We should be financial responsible adults, made our parents proud of us.
答案
Ⅴ.书面表达
(衡水一中高三调研)
假如你是一名英国学生Harry，有一位中国笔友Li Hua想了解一下你的家乡爱丁堡，请你根据提示回复一封电子邮件。
爱丁堡：苏格兰的首府，政治和文化中心。 人口：133万。
面积：260平方公里 (square kilometers)。 地理位置：苏格兰 (Scotland) 的东南部。
2021年高考英语大一轮复习课时作业22Module4GreatScientists含解析外研版
