归并骨髓坏死的髓系抗原及Ph染色体阳性B
急性淋巴细胞白血病一例
林如峰,李建勇,陆化,吴雨洁,仇海荣,肖冰,张建富,杨慧
【摘要】 为增强对骨髓坏死(BMN)的病因及病理进程复杂性的熟悉,了解髓系抗原阳性(My+)及Ph染色体阳性(Ph+)的B急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)临床表现的多样性,报导分析了1例以BMN为首发病症的My+Ph+ B-ALL并进行讨论。结果说明:该病例临床特点复杂而多样,通过骨髓涂片和活检,免疫分型,染色体核型分析及FISH明确了诊断。踊跃医治原发病改善了患者的预后。结论: My+Ph+ B-ALL并发BMN是一种罕有疾病,应采取多种方式检查明确诊断并踊跃医治。
【关键词】 骨髓坏死;Ph染色体;髓系抗原;急性淋巴细胞白血病
Bone Marrow Necrosis as An Initial Manifestation of Philadelphia Chromosome and Myeloid Antigens Positive B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia —— A Case Report
Abstract Many diseases cause bone marrow necrosis (BMN),especially lymphocytic leukemia. To explore the
complexity of the pathogenesis and pathology of BMN and understand the multiplicity of clinical features,a case of Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) expressing myeloid antigens was reported. The results indicated that the clinical features of this case were complicated and multiplex,the diagnosis was confirmed by using bone marrow smear and biopsy,immunophenotype analysis,conventional cytogenttics
and fluorescence in situ
hybridization (FISH),the prognosis of patients improved by active treatment for primary disease. In conclusion,the Ph+ B ALL expressing myeloid antigen with BMN is very rare,its diagnosis should be confirmed by using multiple methods,and the active treatments should be performed.
Key words bone marrow necrosis; Philadelphia chromosome; myeloid antigen; acute lymphoblastic leukemia
骨髓坏死(bone marrow necrosis,BMN)是一种严峻而罕有的白血病的并发症,是骨髓造血组织和骨髓基质显现面积不等的坏死。BMN的要紧病因为急性白血病,尤其是淋巴细胞白血病,曾有部份尸检予以确诊[1],其临床表现复杂,发病机制更知之甚少。本病例报导旨在增加对BMN的病因和表现复杂性的熟悉。
临床资料
患者女性,42岁。因发烧、全身肌痛半个月入院。患者入院前半个月有无明显诱因的全身肌肉酸痛,双上肢活动欠佳,伴有发烧、乏力、盗汗。本地医院给予抗感染医治,病症无明显改善,并显现口腔溃疡,鼻衄。入院前2天开始咳嗽,痰少,无咳血。入院查体:体温℃ 脉率95次/分,呼吸18次/分,血压105/80 mmHg。神志清,精神疲软,轻度贫血貌,胸骨压痛(+),呼吸音清,未闻及干湿性啰音,心脏听诊无异样。腹平软,无压痛、反跳痛,肝脾肋下未触及,肝肾无叩击痛,左侧髋骨轻度压痛,双下肢无水肿,神经系统检查(-)。入院时血常规检测: WBC ×109/L,Hb 76 g/L,Plt 75×109/L。肝功能检查: ALT U/L,AST U/L,LDH U/L。胸片示胸腔、心包少量积液,右下肺背段和左下叶感染,左侧胸膜肥厚。免疫学检查:类风湿因子(+),抗核抗体、抗双链DNA抗体、抗ENA抗体均阴性。风湿科诊为:风湿性肌痛。经地塞米松医治后骨痛好转。半月后血常规示全血细胞进行性减少,血小板降至2×109/L。双下肢显现出血点,肉眼血尿,PT、APTT、D-二聚体、FDP检查无异样。ECT骨显像多部位密度增高,提示转移性骨病变可能性大。PTH 220 μmol/L,尿吡啶并酚 mmol/L。骨钙素及甲状腺功能检查无异样。骨髓活检见正常造血组织破坏,细胞结构不清,胞浆溶解,呈凝胶样变(图1A),诊断为骨髓坏死。骨髓涂片见大量坏死组织(图1B),多部位骨髓穿刺仅2次抽