第一篇 词法 六、 介 词
(一) 知识概要
介词在英语中用法很活，也无一定规律可循。在初中范围内还应学一个记住一个，特别是那些和动词的特殊搭配。这样长期下去不断学习自然会总结出一套自己的规律来。下面是一般的规律，可帮助学习时参考，
千万不要作为定律去背诵，照搬。
介词 表示时间 表示地点方位 表示原因方式 其 他 about 大约在……时间about five o'clock 在周围，大约多远
about five kilometres 及
talk about you
above 高出某一平面 above sea level
across 横过 walk across the street对面 across the street after 在……之后 after supper 跟……后面 one after another 追赶 run after you
against 背靠逆风
against the wall, against the wind 反对 be against you
among 三者以上的中间 among the trees
关于、涉
at 在某时刻 at ten 在小地点 at the school gate 表示速度 at high speed 向着，对着 at me
before 在……之前 before lunch 位于……之前 sit before me
behind 位于……之后 behind the tree
below 低于……水平 below zero 不合格
below the standard
by 到……时刻，在……时刻之前 by five o'clock 紧挨着 site by site 乘坐交通工具was made by us
during 在……期间during the holidays for 延续多长时间
by air, by bick 被由
for five years 向……去
leave for Shanghai 为了，对于 be good for you
from 从某时到……某时from New York
由某原料制成be made from 来自何处 where are you from
in 在年、月、周较长时间内in the room 用某种语言in red
into 进入……里面 walk into 除 分 divide into 变动 turn into water
near 接近某时
near five years 在……附近
near the park
in English 穿着
in a week 在里面
from morning till night 来自何方
of 用某种原料制成 be made of 属于……性质 a map of U. S .A
on 某日、某日的上下午on Sunday afternoon 在……上面 on the desk 靠吃……为生live on rice 关于
a book on Physics
over 渡过一整段时间over the desk 超过， 高于
work over night 在上方
over five pairs
past 超过某一时刻 ten past five 经过某地 walk past the park
since 从某时以来 since 1980 原因 Since you were ill
through 经过某一时期
through his life 通过、穿过某地
through the forest till
until 直到某时为止
till five o'clock
to 差多少时间 five to ten 问，到，去往 to Shanghai 面对面 face to face
给予give a book to me under 在……下面 under the desk 少于 under ten
在……管制之 下 under the rule with 用某种工具with me
with a pen 带着，具有
without 没有 without air
(二) 正误辨析
［误］ We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak. ［正］ We got to the top of the mountain at day break.
［析］ at用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。 ［误］ Don't sleep at daytime［正］ Don't sleep in daytime.
［析］ in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。 ［误］ We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon. ［正］ We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.
［析］ in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为on, 如：on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th［误］ He became a writter at his twenties［正］ He became a writter in his twenties
［析］ 这句话应译为：他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示，而在具体岁数时用at来表示。
［误］ He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old. ［正］ He went to New York to find a job at sixteen.
［析］ 在具体年岁前用at, 如：at the age of 12， at your age， 等等。 ［误］ We went to swim in the river in a very hot day. ［正］ We went to swim in the river on a very hot day. ［析］ 具体某一天要用介词on, 又如：on New Year's Day
［误］ I'm looking forward to seeing you on Christmas. ［正］ I'm looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.
［析］ 在节日的当天用on，而全部节日期间用at,Christmas是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。
［误］ I haven't see you during the summer holidays.
［正］ I haven't seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays.
中考英语语法总复习大全 第一篇词法之介词
