Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Grammar &
Writing
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You'd better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find them.
2．You'd better go to the party, but I doubt if_/_whether it'll be very exciting. 3．The new technology，if applied (apply) to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.
4．These men made themselves famous for their courage and bravery (brave)． 5．There is no doubt that the new policy will make a difference to everyone. 6．—Don't put so much pressure (press) on the children. It's harmful to their health.
—OK, I won't.
7．The number of people, who have access to their own cars，has_risen (rise) sharply in the past decade.
8．Though warned (warn) again and again, the young man still drove after drinking, leading to his being fined.
9．Consideration for other people is vital to all of us. 10．Due to lack of treatment (treat), some patients rescued from the ruins died soon.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
In many sports, physical contact (身体接触) is part of the game. But when athletes hit their heads, the hit can cause concussions (脑震荡)．
Concussions have long been a concern for professional athletes, but they've become more common among young players too. Between 2001 and 2009, the number of kids under 19 visiting doctors for concussions each year increased by 62 percent.
Engineers are developing new helmets (头盔), and new rules are limiting physical contact in some sports. But are these efforts enough to protect kids' brains?
Concussions can happen during many types of activities. But sports like football and soccer are especially risky. When you run or jump, your body is moving at an increased speed. A sudden hit causes you to move faster in a different direction.
“It's like when you're in a bus and it makes a sudden stop，” says Dr. Kevin Crutchfield, an expert at a sports concussion center in Baltimore, Maryland. “You hit the inside of the bus.”
This hit damages the brain. It affects the way the brain functions. So some sports require athletes to wear helmets. Helmets help reduce the force of a hit. The hard outer shell spreads the force over a larger area.Inside a helmet, a plastic or air-filled lining also helps soften the blow.
Steve Rowson is an engineer at Virginia Tech. In his lab, he tests how helmets hold up against different types of hits. No helmet can prevent concussions completely, says Rowson. But he's found that when wearing a newer football helmet, the player's head doesn't gain speed as much after a hit. That lowers the risk of concussions.
Many youth sports teams have set limits on physical contact to reduce the risk of concussions. In soccer, most concussions happen as a result of headers—shots or passes made with the head. That's why many people think kids shouldn't head the ball until high school.
These efforts should help, says Crutchfield. But the best way to prevent long-term brain injuries, he says, is to stop playing immediately if you suffer concussion. “Protect yourself today so you can play again tomorrow.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。青少年在运动中因头部撞击导致脑震荡的比例在逐年增高。工程师、医生和教练采取措施改善这一情况。
1．Concussions among young players ________. A．are rare before 2001 B．seem extremely worrying C．cause kids to lose interest in sports D．are mostly caused by wearing no helmets
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第二段中的“more common”和“each year increased by 62 percent”可知，青少年因体育运动导致脑震荡的情况越来越严重，
令人担忧。
2．The author mentions the sudden stop of the bus to ________. A．stress it's dangerous to ride buses B．show human brains are easily damaged C．give a better explanation of concussions
D．remind people to wear helmets while playing sports
解析：选C 推理判断题。作者在第五段中提到公交车急刹车时人们会受到撞击，将之与人们在运动时发生脑震荡的情况相比较，使这一概念更容易被理解。
3．What does Steve Rowson think of the newer football helmets? A．They vary a lot in size.
B．They work better than the old ones. C．They slow down the players' running speed.
D．They allow the players to move their heads more freely.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“But he's found that when wearing a newer football helmet，the player's head doesn't gain speed as much after a hit. That lowers the risk of concussions.”可知，新款头盔效果更好些，可以更好地保护运动员的头部免受伤害。
4．Dr. Crutchfield suggests that after receiving a concussion，young players should ________.
A．never head the ball B．avoid dangerous sports C．play other kinds of sports D．stop playing the sport for a while
解析：选D 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“stop playing immediately if you suffer concussion”可知，Crutchfield建议年轻的运动员在运动中发生脑震荡时，一定要及时停止运动，这样才能避免给大脑造成长期的损伤，才有利于今后
更好地开展这项运动。
B
When your pet has an emergency, first aid is not a substitute for veterinary (兽医) treatment. However, before you are able to get your pet to a veterinarian, knowing some basic first aid can help.
Bite Wounds
Approach the pet carefully to avoid getting bitten. Wear a mask for the animal and then check the wound. Clean the wound with large amounts of saline (盐水). If these are not available, then regular water may be used. Wrap large open wounds to keep them clean.
Bleeding
Apply firm, direct pressure over the bleeding area until the bleeding stops. Hold the pressure for at least 10 minutes. Avoid bandages that cut off circulation.
Breathing Stops
Check to see if the animal is choking (窒息) on a foreign object. If an animal is not breathing, place it on a firm surface with its left side up. Check for a heartbeat. If you hear a heartbeat but not breathing, close the animal's mouth and breathe directly into its nose—not the mouth—until the chest expands. Repeat 12 to 15 times per minute.
Burns
Wash the burn immediately with large amounts of cool, running water. Apply an ice pack for 15～20 minutes. Do not place an ice pack directly on the skin. Wrap the pack in a light towel or other cover. If the animal has large quantities of dry chemicals on its skin, brush them off. Water may activate some dry chemicals.
Fractures (骨折)
Symptoms include pain, inability to use a limb (腿). Wear a mask for the pet and look for bleeding. If you can control bleeding without causing more injury, then do so. Watch for signs of shock. Don't try to set the fractures by pulling the limb. Transport the pet to the veterinarian immediately, supporting the injured part as best as you can.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍的是当宠物遇到紧急情况时，实施急救的几种办法。
5．The underlined word “substitute” in the first paragraph means something
________.
A．that is necessary
B．that can replace other things C．that is familiar with us D．that can calm people
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据下句“However，before you are able to get your pet to a veterinarian, knowing some basic first aid can help.”可知，急救虽然不能代替兽医，但在兽医到来前实施急救可以避免情况恶化。故选B。
6．If your pet is burned by chemicals, you should ________. A．wash away the chemicals with saline B．put an ice pack directly on the skin C．bind up the cut with a bandage D．get rid of them before washing
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据Burns下的倒数第二句“If the animal has large quantities of dry chemicals on its skin, brush them off.”可知，如果宠物被化学药品烧伤，就应该先把这些化学药品清除掉。故选D。
7．The passage is mainly about ________. A．doing pet first aid B．treating sick pets
C．dealing with an emergency D．working as a veterinarian
解析：选A 主旨大意题。全文介绍当宠物遇到紧急情况时，如何实施急救的几种办法。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The Chinese Garden of Friendship was built as a beautiful symbol of friendship 1.________ Sydney in the State of New South Wales and Guangzhou in the province of Guangdong, China (sister cities of sister states), to mark Australia's bicentenary in 1988.
The garden 2.________ (design) and built by Chinese landscape architects and gardeners 3.________ (follow) the Taoist principles of “Yin-Yang” and the five opposite elements—earth, fire, water, metal and wood. These principles also stress the 4.________ (important) of Qi, the central force of life and energy.
Yin-Yang 5.________ (play) such a vital role that just one missing element would disrupt (扰乱) the garden's harmony and balance. However, when 6.________ (combine) perfectly, the five elements form a fluid and nurturing environment. Everything you encounter in the garden has been hand-picked and very carefully placed to capture the five elements and the energy of Qi.
Unlike western-style gardens, there are no planted flowerbeds 7.________ neatly—cut lawns. Instead, wild 8.________ (aspect) of nature are recreated in landscapes 9.________ feature waterfalls, mountains, lakes and forests.
The art of Chinese Garden design began in imperial parks during the Shang Dynasty 3, 000 years ago. Darling Harbour's Chinese Garden of Friendship is a small-scale version of a 10.________ (type) private garden from this time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了象征友谊的中国园林的设计原理和风格，以及园林里的一些特色风景。
1．解析：考查连词。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”，此处指作为两个城市之间友谊的象征，符合语境。故填between。
答案：between
2．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，这座花园是由中国的景观设计师和园艺家设计修建的。主语“The garden”与“design”之间构成被动关系，且此处是陈述过去发生的事情，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was designed。
答案：was designed
3．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指景观设计师和园林师遵循道家的阴阳法则。根据语境可知，“architects and gardeners”与动词follow之间构成主动关系，故应用follow的现在分词形式作状语。故填following。
答案：following
4．解析：考查词性转换。句意为：阴阳和五行强调“气”的重要性，它是生命和能量的主要力量。根据词法知识可知，此处应用important的名词形式作动词“stress”的宾语，且用定冠词“the”修饰。故填importance。
答案：importance
5．解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为：阴阳起着如此关键的作用，以至于一个要素的缺失都会扰乱花园的和谐与平衡。根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时；主语“Yin-Yang”是抽象名词，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
答案：plays
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：当五个要素完美结合时，就形成了一个流动的培养环境。此处when引导的是时间状语从句，主句主语“the five elements”与动词combine之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态，其中主语和be动词可省略。故填combined。
答案：combined
7．解析：考查连词。句意为：与西式风格的花园不同，这个花园里没有种植花圃和修剪整齐的草坪。在否定句中表示“和……”用连词or。故填or。
答案：or
8．解析：考查名词复数。根据下文中的“are recreated”可知，主语是复数。故填aspects。
答案：aspects
9．解析：考查定语从句。根据语境可知，这些风景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林为特色。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“landscapes”，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。故填that / which。
答案：that / which
10．解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的“a”和空后的“private garden”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，typical意为“典型的”。故填typical。
答案：typical Ⅳ.书面表达
假定你班要办一次“急救宣传”的英语黑板报。现在请你根据下表提示，写一篇“中暑急救(First Aid for Heatstroke)”的短文。
词数：100左右。
原因 症状 急救方法 1.将病人搬到阴凉通风的地方平卧(头部不要垫高)； 2.用浸湿的冷布敷在头上，并处在闷热(sultry)或通风不良的环境中 快速扇风； 头痛、恶心、呕吐等 3.服用一些“十滴水(10 drops)”之类的药物； 4.若症状严重，可用冰块擦其头部或两侧，并扇风进行降温。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ One possible version：
Heatstroke happens when a person is in a sultry place where there is a poor airway. He may not only have a headache, but also feel sick or even vomit.
To save a patient from heatstroke, first of all, you should carry him to a cool place where the airway is good. Make him lie flat down (don't lay the head high), and then put a piece of wet and cold cloth on his head and fan him quickly. You can let him take some “10 drops” after that. If he suffers from a serious heatstroke, you
should also rub his head and his sides with a piece of ice over and over according to the first aid knowledge. At the same time, fan him to lower his temperature.
人教高中英语必修五课时作业：nit Firt aid ection Ⅳ 课时作业 含答案
