消化系统疾病常用英文词汇表 一、症状
急性腹痛 acute abdominal pain 慢性腹痛 chronic abdominal pain 吞咽困难 dysphagia 吞咽痛 odynophagia
噫球感(咽部异物感)globus sensation 呃逆 hiccups
食管源性胸痛 chest pain of esophageal origin 烧心 heartburn 反流 regurgitation 消化不良 dyspepsia
功能性消化不良 functional dyspepsia 恶心 nausea 呕吐 vomiting 腹泻 diarrhea
渗透性腹泻 osmotic diarrhea 分泌性腹泻 secretory diarrhea 炎性腹泻 inflammatory diarrhea 功能性腹泻 functional diarrhea 水样泻 watery diarrhea 脂肪泻 steatorrhea 便秘 constipation
消化道出血 gastrointestinal bleeding 上消化道出血 upper gastrointestinal bleeding 下消化道出血 lower gastrointestinal bleeding
不明原因消化道出血 obscure gastrointestinal bleeding 隐匿性消化道出血 occult gastrointestinal bleeding 呕血 hematemesis
呕咖啡样物 coffee-ground emesis 黑便 melena 便血 hematochezia
便潜血阳性 positive fecal occult blood test 缺铁性贫血 iron deficiency anemia 黄疸 jaundice
间胆升高(高非结合胆红素血症) unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia 直胆升高(高结合胆红素血症)conjugated hyperbilirubinemia 胆汁淤积 cholestasis
肝内胆汁淤积 intrahepatic cholestasis 肝外胆汁淤积 extrahepatic cholestasis 肝功能异常 abnormal liver chemistries 腹水 ascites 肝占位 liver mass 消瘦 weight loss
二、食管疾病 贲门失弛缓 achalasia
远端食管痉挛 distal esophageal spasm(DES)
胃食管反流病 gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) 食管裂孔疝 hiatal hernia
反流性食管炎/糜烂性食管炎 reflux esophagitis/erosive esophagitis 非糜烂性胃食管反流病 nonerosive reflux disease(NERD) Barrett食管 Barrett’s esophagus
消化性食管狭窄 peptic esophageal stricture
药物所致的食管损伤 medication-induced esophageal injury/pill-induced esophagitis
嗜酸细胞性食管炎 eosinophilic esophagitis 贲门黏膜撕裂 Mallory-Weiss syndrome 自发性食管破裂 Boerhaave’s syndrome
自发性食管血肿 spontaneous esophageal hematoma 真菌性食管炎 fungal esophagitis 念珠菌性食管炎 candidal esophagitis 病毒性食管炎 viral esophagitis
食管鳞癌 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 食管腺癌 esophageal adenocarcinoma
食管乳头状瘤 esophageal papilloma 食管平滑肌瘤 esophageal leiomyoma 食管脂肪瘤 esophageal lipoma 食管静脉曲张 esophageal varices
三、胃和十二指肠疾病 胃轻瘫 gastroparesis
幽门螺杆菌感染 helicobacter pylori infection 胃炎 gastritis
慢性浅表性胃炎 chronic superficial gastritis 慢性非萎缩性胃炎 chronic non-atrophic gastritis 慢性萎缩性胃炎 chronic atrophic gastritis
自身免疫性萎缩性胃炎 autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis 肠化生 intestinal metaplasia 异型增生 dysplasia
嗜酸细胞性胃肠炎 eosinophilic gastroenteritis 急性糜烂性胃炎 acute erosive gastritis Ménétrier病 Ménétrier’sdisease
门脉高压性胃病 portal hypertensive gastropathy 胃底静脉曲张 gastric varices 胃石 gastric bezoar
消化性溃疡病 peptic ulcer disease 胃溃疡 gastric ulcer
十二指肠溃疡 duodenal ulcer 难治性溃疡 refractory ulcer 溃疡出血 ulcer bleeding
Forrest分级 Forrest Classification I级 活动出血 active bleeding Ia 喷射样出血 spurting hemorrhage Ib 渗血 oozing hemorrhage
II级 有近期出血征象 stigmata of recent hemorrhage IIa 血管显露 visible vessel IIb 血栓附着 adherent clot
IIc平坦的色素沉着 flat pigmentation III级 干净的溃疡底部 clean-base ulcers Dieulafoy病变 Dieulafoy’s lesion 穿孔 perforation
胃出口梗阻(幽门梗阻) gastric outlet obstruction 应激性溃疡 stress ulcers
卓-艾综合征 Zollinger-Ellison syndrome 胃息肉 gastric polyps
胃底腺息肉 fundic gland polyps 增生性息肉 Hyperplastic polyps 腺瘤 adenoma
炎性纤维性息肉 Inflammatory fibroid polyps 胃腺癌 gastric adenocarcinoma 早期胃癌 early gastric cancer 进展期胃癌 advanced gastric cancer 鲍曼分型 Borrmann classification 上皮下肿瘤 subepithelial tumor 黏膜下肿瘤 submucosal tumor 黏膜下病变 submucosal lesions
胃肠道间质瘤 gastrointestinal stromal tumors 神经内分泌肿瘤 neuroendocrine tumors 类癌 carcinoid tumors 淋巴瘤 lymphoma 平滑肌瘤 leiomyoma 脂肪瘤 lipoma
异位胰腺 pancreatic rest(aberrant pancreas) 胃扭转 gastric volvulus
四、小肠和大肠
美克尔憩室 Meckel’s diverticulum
慢性小肠假性梗阻 chronic small intestinal pseudoobstruction 小肠细菌过度生长 small intestinal bacterial overgrowth 短肠综合征 short bowel syndrome
乳糜泻 celiac disease 吸收不良 malabsorption Whipple病 Whipple’s disease
蛋白丢失性胃肠病 protein-losing gastroenteropathy 抗生素相关腹泻 antibiotic-associated diarrhea 伪膜性肠炎 pseudomembranous enterocolitis 难辨梭菌感染 Clostridium difficile infection 炎症性肠病 inflammatory bowel disease 克罗恩病 Crohn’s disease
蒙特利尔分类 Montreal classification 发病年龄 age of onset (A) A1 ≤16;A2 17-40;A3 >40 位置 localization(L) 末端回肠 terminal ileum(L1) 结肠 colon(L2) 回结肠 ileocolon (L3)
上消化道 upper gastrointestinal (L4) 临床行为 behavior(B)
非狭窄非穿透型 nonstricturingnonpenetrating(B1) 狭窄型 structuring 穿透型 penetrating
病情严重程度 disease severity 缓解期 remission(S0) 轻度 mild 中度 moderate 重度 severe
溃疡性结肠炎 ulcerative colitis 病变分布 distribution of disease 直肠炎型 proctitis
左半结肠炎型 left-sided colitis 广泛结肠炎型 extensive colitis
急性肠系膜缺血 acute mesenteric ischemia
肠系膜上动脉栓塞 superior mesenteric artery embolus