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战略人力资源管理模拟：考虑工作要素，技能，学习外文文献翻译中英文
文献出处：Procedía Manufacturing, Volume 39, 2019, Pages 1633-1640
译文字数：3900字
英文
Strategic Human Resource Management Simulation Considering Work
Elements, Skills, Learning and Forgetting
Takayuki Kataoka, Katsumi Morikawa, Katsuhiko Takahashi Abstract
The assembly line design and balancing problems have been widely documented in the literature. Generally, many previous papers assume the tasks do not depend on the stations, i.e., any task can be carried out at any station. On the other hand, some previous papers involve solving two assignment problems. For instance, resources must be assigned to stations, while tasks are assigned to the same stations simultaneously. On the other hand, some previous papers also introduce the lines where some tasks cannot be performed at all the stations and where performance times depend on the worker performing the task just like the real world. However, the models are processed to reduce the dimension of the problem, and therefore they have some shortcomings. Especially, the task time for temporary workers is expressed as the product of the task time for a permanent worker and a coefficient deterministically. Therefore, it cannot consider the strategic human resource planning even though the skill levels of various workers exist in the real world. In this paper, a multi-period worker assignment model considering work elements, skills, learning and forgetting is proposed by redefining new variables and
parameters regarding worker skills. Using numerical experiments, we show better cases where the proposed model leads to less total processing time and higher production rate for each human resource strategy. In addition, we show the number of workers at a particular skill at the end of simulation to consider strategic human resource management simulation.
Keywords:
Human
resource
management,
Mixed
integer
programming model, Work elements, Skills, Learning and forgetting
Introduction
The assembly line is one of the most important components on traditional production systems used in various factories all over the world. In general, it is too hard to solve simultaneously the assembly line design and the line balancing problem (LBP) due to the large number of operations and constraints in the real world. For instance, in the case of assembly line balancing problems (ALBP), the large number of papers propose various mathematical models and its effectiveness. Recently, the literature research paper by Becker et al shows comprehensive problems and solutions. The literature research paper by Boysen et al shows the classification and characterization of most past models. Those results are published as the available models on the web.
However, the traditional mathematical models might be in the process of unsuitable models under uncertain demand on assembly lines of the real world. For instance, Francas et al express that they should consider a firm that has to invest simultaneously in labor and machine
capacity under uncertain demand and a given network configuration while anticipating the deployment of labor flexibility after demand has been realized. Additionally, Corominas et al present the process of rebalancing the line at motorcycle -assembly plant. The goal is to minimize the number of temporary workers required, given a cycle time and the team of workers on staff.
In labour-intensive cells, the assignment of workers plays a major role for the performance of the cell and directly affects the output of the cell. Thus, issues like worker skill levels, skill-based operation times, cross-training, learning rates, and movement of workers between operations and cells become too important to neglect. In addition, probabilistic risks should be also considered in labour-intensive cells. However, almost all previous papers consider operator assignment problems (OAP) regarding worker skills without ALBP, i.e., work elements (tasks).
In this paper, strategic human resource management simulation considering work elements (tasks), skills, learning and forgetting is proposed by redefining new variables and parameters regarding worker skills. Using numerical experiments, this paper shows which strategy leads to less total production time and higher skill levels. In addition, this paper shows the number of workers at a particular skill at the end of simulation to consider the multi-period human resource planning.
Proposed model
The procedures for the assembly line balancing problem have mainly been dealt with from an academic perspective and the mathematical models are only used to formalize the problem in most previous papers. On the other hand, most real world problems have been addressed by means of heuristic procedures. To solve the problem of balancing lines with different categories of workers, they formulated and solved a binary linear program (BLP) set out. However, its main characteristic is only the fact that the task times depend on the type, i.e., permanent or temporary, of worker performing the task.
To overcome these shortcomings, this paper tackles to apply a new model based on not only the ALBP model by Corominas et al. but also the 3-phase approach by Slier and Tummmaluri. The 3-phase approach considers the combinations of products, i.e. the configurations of cells by operator levels and production rates. After determining the cell sizes and cell loads in Phase 1 and 2, Phase 3 is to assign operators to operations considering their skills, i.e., skill-based operator assignment problem (OAP).
Based on given skill level , the two objective functions, i.e. multi-period worker assignment strategies, are repeatedly calculated through learning and forgetting for each period. One is the Max strategy to minimize the total number of skill levels for all stations. The objective function is of minimization type since the highest skill corresponds to
战略人力资源管理模拟外文文献翻译中英文
