例子:
Ten years is a long time. 10年是很长的时间。 Ten minutes is enough. 10分钟就够了。
Twenty dollars has been paid. 已经付过20美元了。
POINT 6 名词化的形容词作主语
主语是由the+形容词结构担任,如果指一类人,动词用复数形式;如果指某一个人,动词用单数形式。 例子:The rich are not always happy. 有钱人也有不开心的时候。
The old are taken good care of in the city. 在这个城市里,老人得到了很好的照顾。 The young like the game. 年轻人喜欢这种游戏。 容易犯错的句子:
1.大家都到齐了,没有人缺席。
错:Everyone are here. No one are away. 对:Everyone is here. No one is absent.
不定代词everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody等,在意义上都被看作单数。它们作主语时.动词用单数形
第 6 页 共 12 页
式。
2.我们两个人都没去过阳明山。
错:Neither of us have been to Yang Ming Mountain. 对:Neither of us has been to Yang Ming Mountain. 当neither, either, any等词单独作主语或与of短语一起作主语时,其后动词用第三人称单数形式。又如: Either of the answers is right. 两个答案中有一个是正确的。 3.他们每个人都有一个苹果。 错:Each of them have an apple. 对:Each of them has an apple.
不定代词each或与of短语连用作主语时.动词用第三人称单数形式。
4.美国是一个发达的国家。
错:The United States are a developed country. 对:The United States is a developed country.
以一s结尾的国名、书刊名、组织名称等作主语时.动词常用单数形式。
5.我认为数学比英语难得多。
错:I think math are much more difficult than English. 对:I think math is much more difficult than English. 以一s结尾的表示学科的名词如math(数学),physics(物理),
第 7 页 共 12 页
politic(政治)等形式上是复数,实际上是单数概念。它们作主语时,其动词要用单数形式。 6.格林家一定在吃早饭。
错:The Greens is having breakfast. 对:The Greens are having breakfast.
the+姓的复数表示某一家人或某某夫妇,是复数概念,作主语时.其动词须用复数形式。 7.她的衣服看起来很漂亮。 错:Her clothes looks very nice. 对:Her clothes look very nice.
clothes(衣服)是复数名词,不能作单数用。当clothes作主语时,其动词要用复数形式。 8.这双鞋是我的。
错:This pair of shoes are mine. 对:This pair of shoes is mine.
一些由两个部分构成的衣物或工具名词,如glasses(眼镜),shoes(鞋),socks(短袜),stockings(长统袜),trousers(裤子)等作主语
时,动词用复数形式。My shoes are worn out.我的鞋穿坏了。但当这些名词前面有pair of, this pair of, a kind of, this kind of等短剧多饰时,动词通常用单数,如: This pair of shoes looks nice.
第 8 页 共 12 页
这双鞋看起来很漂亮。 9.我们全家都喜欢看电视。
错:My family enjoy watching TV. 对:My family enjoys watching TV.
有些集合名词如family, class, group等作主语时,若看作是各个成员时,动词用复数。若看作整体,动词用单数。 His family is a big one. 他家是个大家庭。
The class has fifty students. 这个班有50个学生。
The class are having an English lesson. 这个班的学生正在上英语课。 10.两个月是很长的一段时间。 错:Two months are a long time. 对:Two months is a long time.
表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等名词的复数作主语时,这些复数名词被看作一个整体,动词用单数形式。 Five minutes is enough. 五分钟就够了。
11.格林先生和几个学生被派去协助约翰。
错:Mr. Green with some students were sent to help John. 对:Mr. Green with some students was sent to help John.
第 9 页 共 12 页
当主语后面跟的with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except 等短语,动词的单复数形式和这些短语之前的主语在人称和数上保持一致,动词的形式不受这些短语的影响。 No one except my parents knows the secret. 除了我的父母外.没有人知道这个秘密。 12.你和我都不对。
错:Neither you nor I are right. 对:Neither you nor I am right.
由:or, eitherwor, neitherwnorw, not onlywbut also二等连接的对等主语,
其动词的单复数要依最接近它的主语的单复数而定。 Either you or he is right. 你和他其中一个是对的。 13.星期天没有老师和学生在校。
错:No teacher and no student are school on Sundays. 对:No teacher and no student is at school on Sundays. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语,前面有each, every或no修饰时,动词通常用单数。 14.没有消息就是好消息。 错:No news are good news. 对:No news is good news.
主语news是不可数名词.意义上是单数.因此动词要用单数形式。
第 10 页 共 12 页