2019年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题
英语
注意事项:
1.本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分，共10页.满分100分，考试时间100分钟。答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2.答题注意事项见答题卡，簣在本试卷上不得分。
第I卷(选择题共55分)
一、听力测试(共15小题，计15分)
注意:听力测试分四部分，共20小题。做题时，请先将答案画在试卷上,录音内容结束后，将所选答案转除到答题卡上。
(一) (2019山东临沂)听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。
(二) (2019山东临沂)听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。 6. A. To do business. B. To visit her friends. C. To study medicine. 7. A. Sally's. B. Alan's. C. Danny's.
8. A. Some chicken. B. Some sandwiches. C. Some fish.
9. A. He will go to the park. B. He will prepare for a party. C. He will take an exam. 10. A. At home. B. On the playground. C. In the library.
(三) (2019山东临沂)听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。 11. Helen Thayer was the first woman who walked to the North Pole (北极) alone. 12. Helen was born in the United States.
13. Helen had a dream to walk to the North Pole alone when she was frty. 14. On her journey, Helen walked 345 miles in freezing weather conditions.
15. Once, seven polar bears (北极熊) wanted to eat Helen. Luckily, she saved herself. 请考生们翻到第7页,先找到第四大题。你们将有5秒钟的准备时间。 【答案】
【听力材料】
二、单项填空(共15小题，计15分)
选择最佳答案。
16. (2019山东临沂) Berlin is___________ capital of Germany, A./ B. a C. the
16. C 考查冠词用法。句意：柏林是德国的首都。根据句意可知表示特指“德国的首都”。故选C。
17. (2019山东临沂)In the world, more than 30% of schools do not provide safe drinking water_________ about 570 million children. A. with B. for C. towards
17. B 考查介词的用法。句意：在世界上，超过30%的学校没有为大约5.7亿儿童提供安全的饮用水。固定搭配provide sth. for sb.意为“为某人提供某物”。故选B。
18. (2019山东临沂)If I leave my house at 9 o'clock and drive to the airport, I'll arrive at about 11. So it's about two_________ drive from my house to the airport. A. hours' B. hour's C. hours
18. A 考查名词所有格。句意：如果我9点离开家开车去机场，我将在11点左右到达。所以从我家到机场大约有两个小时的车程。 基数词two后用名词复数，故填hours，此处指“两个小时的车程”，用名词所有格，故在hours后加“’”。故选A。
19. (2019山东临沂)—I'm getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food? —Of course! There_________ a restaurant around the corner. A. will be B. was C. is
19. C考查there be句型。句意：—我饿了。你知道我们在哪里可以买到好食物吗?
—当然有!拐角处有一家餐馆。 根据句意可知用一般现在时，而there be结构中，be动词与后面相邻的主语保持数的一致，本句主语为a restaurant，为单数，故选C。
20. (2019山东临沂)A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars,_____ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous. A. although B. because C. if
20. A考查连词的用法。句意：最近的一项调查显示，44%的美国人希望使用自动驾驶汽车，尽管34%的人认为这将使道路更加危险。although尽管；虽然；because因为；if如果。由句意可知前后句表示让步关系，故选A。
21. (2019山东临沂)Tennis can exercise all of our muscles (肌肉). And it requires _______to spend time with others. This is good for our health too. A. ours B. us C. we
21. B考查人称代词的用法。句意：网球可以锻炼我们的肌肉。它需要我们花时间和别人在一起。这对我们的健康也有好处。动词require后跟人称代词宾格作宾语，故选B。
22. (2019山东临沂)Ants are pretty small. You might think that they __________be rather weak. But what you might not know is that ants are actually very strong for their size. A. need B. can't C. must
22. C考查情态动词。句意：蚂蚁非常小。你可能认为他们一定很弱小。但你可能不知道的是，就蚂蚁的体型而言，它们实际上非常强壮。must表示对肯定的推测；can’t表示对否定的推测，故选C。
23. (2019山东临沂)\work in the cities, leaving them behind in the countryside to be cared for by their grandparents. A. always B. hardly ever C. often
23. B 句意：留守儿童很少见到他们的父母，因为他们的父母在城市工作，把他们留在农村由他们的祖父母照顾。always总是；hardly ever几乎不；often经常。根据“他们的父母在
城市里工作”可推知，他们几乎见不到他们的父母。故选B。
24. (2019山东临沂)Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic________ each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea. A. is created B. was created C. creates
24. A考查动词的语态。句意：全球每年制造出3亿吨塑料，其中约10%最终流入大海。根据句意和句式结构可知主语300 million tons of plastic和谓语动词create之间是被动关系，由时间状语each year可知用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
25. (2019山东临沂) Roy works in London. It___________ him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day.
A costs B. spends C. takes
25. C 考查动词辨析。句意：罗伊在伦敦工作。他每天乘公共汽车去上班大约需要半个小时。。此处是句类型：It takes time to do sth. 的搭配。故选C。
26. (2019山东临沂)Cathy sold some of her things in a yard sale and_________ the money to a children's home.
A. gave away B. gave up c. gave out
26. A考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯茜在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了她的一些东西，把钱捐给了一个儿童之家。give away捐赠；give up放弃；give out分发。根据句意“卖掉东西”和“儿童之家”可知是“捐赠”。故选A。
27. (2019山东临沂)Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _________at a speed of 32 cm every 10 years. A. rose B. have risen C. rise
27. B 考查动词时态。句意：融化的冰会导致海平面上升。自1993年以来，海平面每10年以32厘米的速度上升。根据时间状语since 1993可知谓语动词用一般现在时。
28. (2019山东临沂)A break between classes is a good time for students to play sports and talk with their classmates. So it_________ helps with students' health, ________improves their social skills.
A. either; or B. neither; nor C. not only; but also
28. C 考查连词辨析。句意：课间休息是学生们做运动和与同学交谈的好时间。因此，它不仅有助于学生的健康，而且提高他们的社交技能。either…or… “或者……或者……”；neither…nor… “既不……也不……”；not only…but also… “不但……而且……”。根据句意“有助于学生的健康”和“提高他们的社交技能”可知表示“不但……而且……”，故选C。
29. (2019山东临沂) Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon ______has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents. A. who B. which C./
29. B 考查定语从句。句意：《小猪佩奇》是一部英国卡通片，在中国很受欢迎，深受小孩子和他们的父母的喜爱。根据句意和句式结构可知本句为定语从句，定语从句的先行词为cartoon，指物，用which或that，在定语从句中作主语，故不能省略。
30. (2019山东临沂)Are babies carefree (无忧无虑)? A new study from the US says that 2-year-old babies care about_________.
A. how others saw them B. how do others see them C. how others see them
30. C考查宾语从句。 句意：婴儿无忧无虑吗? 美国的一项新研究表明，两岁的婴儿很在意别人怎么看他们。根据句子结构可知是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结合句意可知宾语从句用一般现在时。故选C。
三、阅读理解。(共25小题，计25分)
A
(2019山东临沂) Do you often listen to music at loud volumes (音量)? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing. Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss (听力丧失) ,because of
listening to loud noise for long periods of time. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.
The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB (分贝) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.
Loud noise is harmful to the inner二Most of us are bon with about 16,000 hair cells (听毛细胞) in our inner ears. These cells notice sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss. Once this happens, it's hard to get your hearing back.
Some people might think that their music isn't all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you alight feel uncomfortable
The \about equal to (相当于) the noise of a subway.
Here is some advice on safe listening. Over-the-ear headphones (头戴式耳机) are better than in-ear ones. They do a better job of stopping outside noise, so you can listen at a lower volume. Don't listen to loud music on your headphones for a long time. Follow the 60:60 rule: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphones' maximum volume for no more than 60 minutes a day.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。 31. It is safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 100 dB for 15 minutes
32. Listening to loud noise for a long time can cause some hair cells in the inner ear to die. 33. From the fourth paragraph, we know people don't always realize how loud their music is. 34. In-ear headphones are better than over-the-eat ones because they can stop more outside noise.
35. This article mainly tells us why ears are an important part of our bodies. 题材 说明文 话题 科普知识 词数 344 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，本文介绍了超过85分贝的声音，对人听力的损害并提出安全倾听的建议。
31. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes.可知，听85分贝以上的声音8小时或100分贝以上的声音15分钟是不安全的。故表述与原文不相符。
32. A细节理解题。根据第三段第四句 However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard, and cause some of them to die.可知，然而，长时间听太大的噪音会使这些细胞工作过度，导致一些细胞死亡。故表述与原文相符。
33. A细节理解题。根据第四段第四句For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it.可知，例如，如果你在像地铁这样嘈杂的地方，你可能会把音乐开得太大而没有意识到。故表述与原文表述相符。 34. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句Over-the- ear headphones are better than in-ear ones. 可知，戴在耳朵外面的耳机比戴在耳朵里的好。故本句表述与原文不符。
35. B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了高音对人们听力损害以及给人们的一些建议。故表述与原文不符。
B (2019山东临沂) Do you want to improve your physics and chemistry grades? Well, maybe you should first learn something about the struggles (奋斗) of great scientists.
The American Psychological Association did an interesting study. More than 400 students from schools in New York City took part in it. The students were divided into three groups. Group 1 read a typical textbook that describes the achievements of great scientists. Group 2 read about those scientists' personal struggles. For example, as a Jew, Einstein (爱因斯坦) ran away from Nazi Germany to avoid persecution (迫害). The last group read about the scientists' intellectual struggles, such as Marie Curie's failed scientific tests. These stories about struggles also told students how the scientists dealt with these obstacles障碍) .
The students took a science exam before the study. After the six-week study, they took another. Scientists found those in Groups 2 and 3 improved their science grades. Students in Group 1 didn't see a grade increase. Some of them even had lower grades after the study. The study was led by Xiaodong Lin-Siegler, a teacher at Columbia University. According to Xiaodong, kids often think Einstein was truly intelligent. They believe they will never match him. Many of them fail to realize that any success requires a long journey. Along the way, there are many failures失败) .
Students who read the struggle stories more probably said that great scientists were like themselves. The \
Xiaodong says today's science textbooks fail to bring science to life. As a result, students seldom regard science as part of their everyday lives. Instead, they just see a long list of facts that they have to remember. Xiaodong thinks textbooks should include more stories about how great scientists had to struggle to succeed. And students should focus more on how these scientists dealt with the obstacles they met along the way. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
36. According to the article, students can improve their physics and chemistry grades by _______. A. reading the achievements of great scientists more carefully B. listening more carefully to their physics and chemistry teachers
C. learning about how great scientists dealt with their obstacles
2019年山东临沂市初中学业水平考试试题（解析版）
