专题六 情态动词和虚拟语气
各省市高考题(改编)
A卷 全国卷
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，阅读A)When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School in 1952, she ________not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.
答案 could [根据句意：当桑德拉在法律学习毕业之后，因为她是女人，没能在法律公司找到工作。] 2．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.________ 答案 chose→choose [考查动词原形。根据语法知识可知，情态动词can后要用动词原形。] 3．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.________ 答案 去掉can或can→should [考查固定表达。suggest表示“建议”，后面的宾语从句要用should do形式，should可以省略，故答案有两种改法。]
4．(2014·全国大纲，30)Although you________find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop. 答案 can [本题考查情态动词，根据句意：“尽管你在伦敦可能发现便宜货，它总起来说还不是一个购物的便宜去处。”可知，表示可能性，故用can。]
5．(2013·全国大纲，26)Since nobody gave him any help, he ________have done the research on his own. 答案 must [根据上下文意思：“既然没人给他任何帮助，他一定是自己做的研究工作。”可知，此处为肯定的猜测，用must have done。]
6．(2013·全国Ⅰ，29)The door________open, no matter how hard she pushed.
答案 wouldn’t [考查情态动词would的特殊用法，此处表示功能的丧失，根据上下文应用过去时。] 7．(2012·全国Ⅰ，31)I________use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house.
答案 needn’t [本题考查情态动词，根据上下文此处表示没有必要，故选needn’t。] 8．(2012·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.________ 答案 must→could/might [此处指的是有此种可能性，不是必须。]
9．(2012·全国Ⅱ，17)I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I________find the money. 答案 can [此处表示具备此种能力。]
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B卷 地方卷
Ⅰ.在下列各句中填入适当的情态动词
1．(2016·北京，31)I love the weekend, because I________get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 答案 needn’t [考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为每逢周六、周日我不需要早起。] 2．(2016·浙江，17)George ________(go) too far .His coffee is still warm.
答案 can’t have gone [考查情态动词。句意：乔治不可能已经走得太远。他的咖啡温乎。can’t have done表示对过去否定的推测，意为“不可能做了……”。] 3．(2015·北京，29)—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughter is home alone.
答案 must [句意：——你不能再多待一会儿吗？——天要黑了，我真的现在必须走了，我的女儿独自呆在家里。must必须。]
4．(2015·浙江，4)It was so noisy that we ________ not hear ourselves speak.
答案 could [句意：太吵闹了，我们连自己说的话都听不到。can/could表示“能力，能够”。根据前面的was可知，此处要用过去式could。]
5．(2015·重庆，12)You ________ be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
答案 must [句意：你一定是Carol，这些年以来你一点都没变。must “一定，”表示推测，符合句意。] 6．(2015·陕西，21)You ________feel all the training a waste of time，but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
答案 may [句意：你也许会认为所有的培训都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百地保证你以后会感激你所做的事情。考查情态动词。根据后文的描述可以看出此处培训还没有结束，是一种不肯定的推测语气。] 7．(2015·四川，2)You ________ be careful with the camera.It costs!
答案 must [考查情态动词。句意：你一定要非常小心对待照相机，它很昂贵。此处表示命令语气。] 8．(2015·福建，27)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again. —Oh, it’s too bad.You ________ have made full preparations.
答案 should [句意：——很抱歉，妈妈，我的面试又失败了。——噢，真是太糟糕了，你本应该做好充分准备的。考查情态动词＋have done的意义。根据上句的面试又失败了，可知是对过去事实的虚拟。should have done本应该做但是没有做。]
9．(2015·天津，7)I ________have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
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答案 needn’t [句意：在来到新学校前我本不必担心，因为在新学校我的同班同学对我很友好。考查情态动词。needn’t have done...本不必做的事做了。]
10．(2014·北京，27)________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long. 答案 Can
11．(2014·湖南，25)—I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. —Do you mean we________ (not)bring anything with us? 答案 needn’t
12．(2014·江苏，31)It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，________bring me food. 答案 should
13．(2014·江西，30)Life is unpredictable；even the poorest ________become the richest. 答案 might
14．(2013·四川，5) —Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night. —Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report. 答案 can’t
15．(2012·重庆，25)—________you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone? —Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.
答案 Must [考查情态动词。句意：——你现在一定要打断我吗？难道你没有看到我在打电话吗？——对不起，先生，事情很急。根据语境应填must，表“非要，硬要”。] Ⅱ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．(2016·北京，34)Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ (tell) me, I could have helped.
答案 had told [考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么不告诉我你的麻烦。如果你告诉了我，我能够帮助你。根据last week可知事情发生在过去，因此是对过去情况的虚拟。根据主句谓语动词could have done可知，从句应用过去完成时had done。]
2．(2016·江苏，27)If it________(not be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
答案 had not been [考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：如果不是他前几天邀请我，我现在就不会在这里。根据句子结构和句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，再结合时间状语the other day可知，这是发生在过去的行为，故if 句要用过去完成时。]
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2020年高考英语总复习高考AB卷 分类试题：专题6 情态动词和虚拟语气
