高考英语短文改错答题技巧详解
改动原则： 虚词以添加或删除为原则；实词以改变词形为原则；以保持句子原意为原则。 改动比例：“1：1：8”的比例。即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。 解题思路：
1. 句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词； 2. 谓语动词的时态、语态； 3. 非谓语动词的用法； 4. 名词的单、复数与格 5. 定冠词和不定冠词赘余或缺失 6. 代词的格和数是否误用或一致
7. 定语从句中关系代词、关系副词是否误用
8. 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
错误类型：词法错误
（一）动词 1. 谓语动词 常见动词错误类型有 1）时态误用：
一般现在时与一般过去时错用；
对策：①找并列平行关系，如and前后动词时态不一致；②找时态标志词；③根据语境分析④主从句一致⑤固定时态结构
2）主动语态和被动语态错用。
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3）主谓不一致；
4）缺少动词，特别是be动词；一般为系表结构的形容词前的缺失。
5）不及物动词后的介词多余，如return= go/be back (错误形式：return back)；enter into 【例】
1．She liked it very much and reads it to the class.(reads改为read)
2．I don't know that they don't like to talk with me.Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.(talked改为talk)
3．I will write again and send you the photos we take together.(take改为took) 4. One day，a foreign couple in their fifties entered into the restaurant. （into 去掉） 5. When I returned back to school，I missed the students so much. （back去掉）
6.Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please.(allow改为allows) 【真题演练】
1.Now my dream is to open a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. (2019全国卷Ⅲ)
2.During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. (2018全国卷Ⅰ)
3. As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not to let me. Still I unwilling to play the games with them sometimes. ( 2018全国卷Ⅱ)
4. It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin . The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistakes as well. (2018全国卷Ⅲ) 5. And the other is that i wanted to help people in need. ( 2019全国卷Ⅱ) 2. 非谓语动词
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常见错误：
1)谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用； 2)动词不定式和动名词的错用； 3)现在分词和过去分词的错用等。 对策：
1）观察不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时；and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致； 2）介词后用动名词形式作宾语； 3）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 【例】
1．There were terrible noises followed the sudden burst of light.
2．My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.(make前加to)
3．Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.(talk改为talking)
4．We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.(visiting改为visited) 5．Some students may also to save up for their college or future use.(去掉to)
6. But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主语，应改为going)
7. Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语，read改为reading)
8. I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on
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the trees. (and连接的动名词前后不一致，故saw改为seeing) 【真题演练】
1. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents were missing.(2015全国卷Ⅱ) 2. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.(2016全国卷Ⅱ)
3. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables.(2017全国卷Ⅱ)
4. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious.(2018全国卷Ⅲ)
5.All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) 6.I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. I want my cafe
have a special theme such as \I will open more. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
（二）名词
常见错误：名词的单复数误用；*所有格 对策：
1) 根据名词前的修饰限定成份， 如在several， many，various，different，a few，one of等之后，常用名词的复数，在every与each之后常用单数。 2) 根据逻辑或常识 3) 可数与不可数名词的混用
★★★★★ 短文改错中常考的不可数名词有： water，advice，air，work，time，homework，bread，milk，fun，information，progress，practice，weather，news，wealth，voice，room（空间）, knowledge,equipment
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4）“复数”的特殊情况
①单复数同形 series 系列 ；means 方法；手段
②复数形式意义不同 goods 货物 waters水域 works 工厂 fishes各种鱼 papers 文件 fruits各种水果 word 消息 words 言语；话
③maths, politics, physics等学科名词是单数
2．含有复数名词的短语
①in ruins 破败不堪 ②in rags 衣衫褴褛 ③in high spirits 情绪高涨 ④in terms of...根据... 【例】
1．She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.(schoolmate改为schoolmates) 2．After class we become stranger at once.(stranger改为strangers)
3．They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I'll get marks in all my subject.(subject改为subjects) 4. Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改为words)
5. Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改为knowledge)
【真题演练】
1.Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. （2018全国卷I） 2.After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. （2018全国卷II） 3.The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!””Turn left!”(2017全国卷Ⅰ) 4.For all these year, we have been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.(2014全国卷Ⅰ) 5.Since I was a kid, i have thought different job I would like to do.(2019全国卷Ⅱ)
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高中英语高考英语短文改错答题技巧详解（原卷）
