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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·沈阳高三质监)China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping，known as “the father of hybrid rice”， to look for new ways of growing the grain.
Now they’re celebrating successful efforts to grow rice—in sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai. They experimented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.
China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2.35 billion acres of highly saline(含盐的) land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate change.
“Probably only a small part of the world’s saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice，but that would still have a very important effect on food security，” Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.
Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.
Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.
A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many countries. “This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and water-poor countries, particularly in North Africa region.”
Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high，it will also have strategic value once it’s commercialized.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。
1．What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice? A．The increase of rice consumers. B．The high cost of rice producing. C．The land shortage of rice growing.
D．The severe pollution of fresh water.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But, as a result of climate change...to look for new ways of growing the grain.”可知，适合种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻找种植水稻的新方法。
2．Yuan’s team have successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in ________． A．China C．Latin America
B．Dubai D．North Africa
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Starting from January...have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai.”和第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai”可知，Yuan的团队在迪拜成功地在沙子和海水中种植了水稻。
3．What can be inferred from the text?
A．About 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China. B．The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected. C．The increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change. D．Seawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations”可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料，故选B。
4．What is the author’s attitude to the rice-growing experiment? A．Doubtful. C．Critical.
B．Positive. D．Disappointed.
B 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it’s commercialized.”可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度。
B
(2020·重庆一中高三月考)A large-scale study has found a link between eating a diet based on organic food and having a reduced risk of cancer. If the new results are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against diseases, a team of researchers from several French institutions said.
Among the environmental risks for cancer, there are growing concerns about exposure to different types of pesticides(杀虫剂) from farming. The impact of such chemicals on the human body is still not well understood, but there are some indications that harmful effects can occur even at low concentrations.
Meanwhile, pushed by environment and health concerns, the organic food market continues to grow rapidly. Organic food is produced without the use of synthetic(合成的) fertilizers, pesticides, genetically modified organisms and veterinary(兽医的) medications.
“Organic foods are less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional foods, and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticides，” Julia Baudry, lead author of the study from the Centre of Research in Epidemiology(流行病学) and Statistics in France, told Newsweek.
“In the general population, the primary route of exposure is the diet, especially intake of conventionally grown fruits and vegetables. However, few studies have examined the association between organic food consumption and cancer risk.”
For the study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, a team of researchers examined data on the organic food consumption frequency and dietary intake of 68，946 French adults collected by an ongoing survey which began in 2009. They then followed up these people at various points in the future.
Participants reported how often (never, occasionally or most of the time) they consumed 16 types of organic foods including fruits, vegetables, soy-based products, dairy products, meat and fish, eggs, grain and legumes, bread and cereals, flour, vegetable oils and condiments, ready-to-eat meals, coffee, tea and herbal tea, wine, biscuits, chocolate, sugar and so on.
【解题导语】 一项研究发现，食用有机食品与降低患癌风险之间存在联系。如果新的研究结果被证实的话，提倡食用有机食品是一种很有发展前景的预防疾病的策略。
5．What is the finding of the study?
A．Processed food consumption may lead to an increased risk of cancer. B．Promoting organic food consumption may help to prevent diseases. C．Organic food consumption can help cure cancer in a short time. D．Eating a diet based on organic food may lead to the risk of cancer.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“If the new results are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against diseases...”可知，该研究发现食用有机食品可能会帮助人们预防疾病。故选B项。
6．Why is organic food becoming popular nowadays? A．Organic food never contains harmful chemicals.
2021版高考英语(人教版)一轮复习课后达标检测：必修4 2 Unit 2 Working the land Word版含答案
