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初中英语常用词语辨析大全

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流做某事”的意思。It\\'s one\\'s turn to do?表示“轮到某人做某事”。注意表达时turn 一词的单复数形式。如:

①Take turns to offer each other the foods in Part 2 in pairs. 两人一组,轮流请对方吃第二部分列出的食物。 ②They took turns to keep watch.

他们轮流站岗。(=They kept watch by turns.) ③We take turns to make/ at making dinner.

我们轮流做晚饭。(=We make dinner by turns.) ④The two drivers took turns at driving the truck. 两个驾驶员轮流开车。(=?drove ?by turns.)

⑤It\\'s your turn to recite the passage. 轮到你背诵这篇短文了。 ⑥Whose turn is it to speak now? 现在轮到谁发言了?

【注意】 Wait your turn是“等着轮到你”的意思,这里wait后不能接for。

Wait your turn = Wait until it is your turn. 2)turn = become,用作连系动词。如:

①In autumn the leaves turn brown. 秋天树叶变黄。

②Ice turns into water when (it is) heated. 冰加热变成水。 ③Three years later, he turned thief/ doctor. 三年后他变成了贼/医生。

【注意】句③中,turn接表示主语身份的名词时,该名词前不带冠词。 ▲说“情况变得更糟了”,英语是 get worse 或 turn for the worse,而个说 turn worse.

3)turn out表示“结果??”,如:

①The project turned out (to be) a failure. 计划结果失败了。(to be可省略)

②The day turned out to be a fine one. 结果那天是个晴天。

③I hope everything will turn out fine/ well/ all right. 我希望一切都会好的。

4)turn up = appear, be found 表示“出现”。如:①He promised to come, but so far he hasn\\'t turned up yet. 他答应来的,可到现在还没出现。

②I expect the missing watch will turn up one day. 我希望那块丢失的手表哪一天会出现。

③Tom is always waiting for something to turn up. Tom总是等待着好运会降临。 5)其它turn所用于的情况:

①Don\\'t always turn to the dictionary when you come to a new word.碰到生词时不要总是查词典。

②Don\\'t turn to him for help. 不要求助于他。 ③He turned the key in the lock. 他用钥匙开门。 ④Turn over the page. 翻过一页。\\\\\\

⑤The doctor turned him over and looked at his back.

医生把他翻过来查看他的背。⑥Turn it round and let me see the other side. 把它转过来,让我看另一面。⑦Turn away from the light. 背过光去。

⑧Turn down the radio/ light. 把收音机音量放小些/把灯调暗些。⑨Turn your pocket inside out. 把你的口袋翻过来。 ⑩Turn the bottle upside down. 把瓶倒过来。

(11)She was angry and turned her back to me. 她生气了,背对着我。(12)Turn your eyes this way. 朝这边看。 9.ship 作为动词的用法

1)ship作为及物动词,意思是“用船运送”、“运送”。如:

①They shipped the machine from Shanghai to Tianjin last week.他们于上星期用船把那台机器从上海运到天津。

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②Did he ship the goods by train or by plane? 他是用火车还是用飞机运送那批货物的?

2)ship作为不及物动词,意为“上船”、“乘船”、“在船上工作”。如:①He said good - bye to his family and shipped out for England.他向家人道别,乘船到英国去了。 ②He shipped as cook. 他在船上当厨师。 重要词组短语

1.be made into, be made of, be made from 和be made up of 的用法区别

1)be made into意思是“被制成”。如:

①In many parts of the world corn is made into powder. 在世界许多地方玉米被制成粉。

②We can make glass into different kinds of things. 我们可以把玻璃制成各种东西。

2)be made of原为 be made out of, out常被省略。这一短语表示成品制成后,仍保留了原材料的形状,制作过程仅发生了物理变化。如: ①The desks and chairs are made of wood. 这些课桌都是木头制成的。 ②The cloth is made of cotton. 这种布是用棉花制成的。

3)be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外性和特性,原料在制作过程中发生了化学变化,从成品已无法辨认。如:①Gas is made from coal. 煤气由煤制成。

②This kind of wine is made from rice. 这种酒是米制成的。 4)be made up of是“由??组成”的意思。如: ①The article is made up of four parts. 这篇文章由四部分组成。

②The sports team is made up of twenty members. 这支运动队有二十人组成。

【注意】be made of,be made into和make ?into?许多时候可互换使

用。 如:

①Bread is made of flour. =Flour can be made into bread. =We can make flour into bread. =We can make bread (out) of flour. 2.help oneself 的用法

help oneself是固定用法,可单独使用,也可和介词to连用。主要有四种含义:

1)serve oneself (with food or drink) 自用(食物等)。如: ①There is some bread on the table. You may help yourself to it. 桌子上有面包,你自己拿去吃吧! ②----Can I have a drink? ----Help yourself. “我可以喝点吗?” “别客气(随便喝吧)!”

③“Jill, help yourself to the pancakes. They are delicious”. 吉尔(自己)拿些煎饼吃吧!非常好吃!

2)take for (oneself), esp. dishonestly, 擅自取用。此时,to后宾语不一定是食物类,而可以泛指其他各种物品。如:

①The money was on the table and no one was there, so he helped himself (to it). 桌上有钱,左右无人,于是他就拿走了。

②Before leaving, father warned me against not to help myself to the medicine in the box on the shelf. 出门前,父亲再次警告我不要拿放在架子上盒子 里的药。

【注意】 help sb to sth表示“替别人取食物等。”如: ①May I help you to some more meat? 我帮你再拿些肉好吗?

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3.动词时态和by引起的时间状语

by引导的时间状语,有“在某时前、到某时为止”、“到某时”的意思,所修饰的谓语动词的时态既取决于by短语,指过去、将来还是现在,也取决于谓语动词是动作动词还是状态动词。详述如下: 1)by引导的时间状语表示过去某一时间

(1)如谓语动词是动作动词,该动作到by短语所示时间时已经完成,则用过去完成时。如:

①By the time he was ten, he had already built a chemistry lab for himself.

到了十岁时,他为自己建了一个化学实验室。

(2)如谓语动词是动作动词,该动作到by短语所示时间时尚在进行之中,则用过去进行时。如:①By seven o\\'clock, the wind was blowing harder than ever.

到七点时,北风比以往吹得更强劲了。

(3)如谓语动词是状态动词,表示到by短语所示时间时存在的状态,则用过去时。如:

①By that time the Japanese were already very near. 到那时,日本人已经很近了。

②By then he knew what he wanted to be when he grew up. 到那时,他知道他长大后要干什么。

(4)如谓语动词是状态动词,表示到by短语所示时间时该状态已延续若干时间,则用过去完成时。这时,另有一个表示一段时间的状语,说明该状态延续的时间长度。如:①By the end of last month, my brother had been on that ship for two years.

到上月底,我兄弟在那艘轮船上已有两年了。 2)by短语表示将来某一时间

(1)谓语动词如果是动作动词,则用将来完成时或一般将来时,表示到by短语所表示的时间时该动作将完成。如:

①Quite often you\\'ll find the unknown word comes again, perhaps several times and by the end of the chapter you\\'ll have guessed its meaning.

你常常会发现,那个不认识的单词会再次出现,也许会多次出现。到全章快读完时,你就会猜出这个词的意义了。

②We will have the work completed by noon tomorrow. 到明天中午我们将把工作做完。

在主动词为过去式的宾语从句中则用过去将来时。如:

③Mrs Adams thought the movie would be finished by 10:30 p. m. 亚当斯认为电影到晚上十点半会结束。

(2)如谓语动词是状态动词,则用一般将来时,表示到by短语所示时间将出现的状态。如:

①Your son will be all right by supper time. 到吃晚饭时你儿子(的病)就会好了。

②He won\\'t be here by this time tomorrow. 明天这个时候他还不会到这里。 3)by短语表示现在

如谓语动词是动作的动词,则用现在完成时,表示到现在该动作已完成。如: Perhaps she\\'s recovered by now. 也许现在她已恢复健康了。 4.be able to与can的用法区别

be able to表示能力,意思上与can没有区别,但can只有现在式和过去式(could),而 be able to则有更多的形式,体现在be的时态变化上。例如:

①No one is able to do it. (= No one can do it.) 没人能做这件事。 ②We shall be able to finish the work next week. 我们下周将能完成这项工作。

③I haven\\'t been able to find the book. 我没能够找到那本书。 常用句型结构

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1.as?as?中第一个as是副词,第二个as是连词,其基本用法如下: 1)如果我们要说两个东西在某方面是一样的,同我们就可以用as?as?加一个原级形容词或副词。如:

①It\\'s as cold as ice. 它象冰一样冷。 ②He drove as fast as he could. 他尽可能快开。

在非正式文体中,第一个as往往省略。美国英语尤其如此。例 如:

③She\\'s bard as mails. 她冷酷无情。

如果第二个as后面跟的是人称代词,可以用主格(I,he,we等),也可以用宾格(me,him,us等)。在正式的文体中多用主格(as clever as I),但在非正式的讲话或文字中,宾格较为普通(as clever as me)。 【注意】在作否定的比较时,可用not as?as?,也可用not so?as?。在现代英语中,两者都是正确的。例如:

④She\\'s not as/ so nice as her sister. 她不如她姐姐好。 2)如果涉及数量,我们可以用as much ?as?或as many ?as?加一个名词。 例如:

①I haven\\'t got as much money as I thought. 我没有原来想象的那么多钱。

②We need as many records as possible. 我们需要尽量多弄到一些唱片。

▲as much和 as many也可用作代词,后面不跟名词。如: ③I ate as much as I could. 我放开肚子大吃了一顿。 ④He didn\\'t catch as much as he\\'d hoped. 他没有得到预期的那么多。\\\\\\

▲as much还可以用作状语,来修饰某个动作或状态。如: ⑤You ought to rest as much as possible. 你应当尽量多休息。 3)as?as还可以与twice,three times等连用,也可以与half,a quarter

等连用。例如:

①I\\'m not going out with a man who\\'s twice as old as me. 我不愿意和一个年纪比我大一倍的人一起参加社交活动。 ②We got three times as many people as expected. 来的人超过我们预料人数的两倍。

③You\\'re not half as clever as you think you are. 你可不象自己想象的一半那么聪明。

2.“too?to?”意为“太??以致于不能??”。例如: ①He\\'s too old to work. 他太老了,不能工作了。 ②It\\'s too late for the pubs to be open. 天太晚了,酒馆不会营业了。

③It\\'s too heavy for you to lift. 太重了,你提不起来。 【注意】当glad,eager,easy,pleased等形容词放在“too?to?”结构中的“too”后时,其后的不定式短语往往含有肯定意义。例如: ①I am too eager to join the Youth League. 我非常渴望加入共青团。 ②I am too glad to meet you. 见到你我非常高兴。 3.感叹句的两种形式:

感叹句由 What或 How引导。What后接名词;How后接形容词或副词。构成以下句型:What+a(an)+(adj.)+可数名词单数;What+(adj.)+可数名词复数或不可数名词以及How+(adj. & adv). +句子。例如: ①What an interesting film we saw yesterday! 昨天我们看的电影真有趣!

②What delicious beancurd you offered me!你给我的豆腐真好吃! ③How delicious the soup is! 这汤真香!

④How hard the farmers are working in the fields! 农夫们在田野里干得多起劲! 1.sport与game用法比较

1)sport可指各种运动或户外消遣,可以是娱乐性的,也可以是竞赛性的

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体育活动。sport特指某种运动项目时,一般用作可数名词;它还指运动会,常用复数形式 sports(=sports meet)。如:

①Our headmaster is fond of sport, not music.我们校长喜欢体育,不喜欢音乐。②Fishing and hunting are his favorite sports.钓鱼和打猎是他特别喜爱的运动。

③The school sports meet will take place next week. 学校运动会将在下周举行。

2)比较:game(游戏、运动、比赛)。可以是户内或户外的,也可以是脑力或体力的,通常有一定规则,凡参加者都必须遵守。指球赛时,美国英语用game,英国英语用match。指大型的国际体育运动会、比赛,用game. 如:

①Football is a game which makes me excited. 足球是一项让我激动的运动。

②Let\\'s play a game of chess! 咱们下盘棋吧。

③The Olympic Games are held every four years. 每四年举行一次奥运会。

2.excite一词的用法

1)excite作及物动词,意为“使激动”,“使兴奋”,在主动结构中以事物作主语;在被动结构中以人作主语。如:

①The result of the experiment excited me. 实验的结果令我激动。 ②Everybody was excited by the news of the victory. 人人为此胜利的消息而兴奋。

2)exciting与excited都可作形容词用,在句中作定语或表语,但两者用法不同。exciting意思是“令人激动的”,常用来修饰事物;excited 意思是“对??感到激动的”,常用来修饰人或人的表情、声音等。如: ①Why were they so excited? 他们为什么如此激动?

②The excited children were opening their Christmas gifts.

激动的孩子们打开圣诞礼物。

③The trip was very pleasant and exciting.

这次旅行使人感到又愉快又激动。④We just watched an exciting football match.

我们刚看了一场激动人心的足球赛。

⑤He gave an excited shout. 他发出了激动的叫喊。

注:在上例中,修饰shout的形容词不是exciting而是excited,表示“喊声”是由于人的激动而发出的。

3)excitement是名词,作“兴奋、激动”解时,是不可数名词;作“使人兴奋的事物”时,是可数名词。

3.join, join in, take part in 和 attend 的用法比较 这几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思,但用法不同。 1)join有两个用法:

(1)指加入某个党派,团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为:“参军、入团、入党”等。如:

①When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的? ②She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。

(2)和某人一道做某事,其结构为:join sb. in (doing) sth.,根据上下文,in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。如:

①Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗? ②He\\'ll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一道唱歌。 ③We\\'re going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗?

2)join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。 如:

①Come along, and join in the ball game. 快,来参加球赛。 ②Why didn\\'t you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈?

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初中英语常用词语辨析大全

流做某事”的意思。It\\'sone\\'sturntodo?表示“轮到某人做某事”。注意表达时turn一词的单复数形式。如:①TaketurnstooffereachotherthefoodsinPart2inpairs.两人一组,轮流请对方吃第二部分列出的食物。②Theytookturnstokeepwatch.<
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