2016中考英语：重点单词短语用法大总结
◆1.cost/take/spend/pay花费
花费时间做某事：It takes sb sometime to do sth.=sb spend sometime(in)doing sth.=sb spend some time on sth.
某人花钱买某物： sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money .
※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。
※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ?
The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . =I_______ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .
He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone .
It ________ her 20 minutes to go home everyday . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .
◆2 . thanks for为…而感谢
⑴ ______inviting me to your birthday party . thanks to 多亏/由于
⑵______ your help.I got good grades . ◆3 . 感叹句：多么… what + 名词 how + 形容词 / 副词
⑴. ______ bad weather !⑵. ______ hard he works ! ⑶. ______ fresh vegetables ! ⑷. ______ cute a monkey it is ! ◆4 . 因为、由于： because( 连词 ) +从句： ( 表示原因 ) because of(介词短语) + 名词(短语 )= thanks to ⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache . He was late for class ______ the bad weather. He can’t come _____ he is ill .
Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather . ※because和 so不能同时连用 . ◆5 . 来自： be from = come from
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⑴ Where are you from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ? ⑵ He is from Tibet . = He ______ ______ Tibet .
◆6 . How often 对频率提问( 多久一次) →回答用表示频率的副词或短语 How long 对一段时间提问 (多久 ) →回答用表示一段时间的状语 How soon 对将来时间提问 ( 多久 ) →回答用 in+时间段 How far 询问多长距离(多长)
⑴- ______ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years . ⑵- ______ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes. ⑶ - ______will your father come back ? - In two years . ⑷- _____ do you exercise ? - Once a week .
⑸- _____ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles . ⑹- _____ are you staying there ? - Two weeks .
◆7 . 乘交通工具： take a / the +交通工具在句中作谓语 by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语 交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…
⑴ He takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus . ⑵ I walk to school . = I go to school ______ .
※骑自行车、马或驴用ride ： ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car ◆8 . 对不起： Excuse me (劳驾，客套话) Sorry ( 表示道歉 )
⑴ ______.Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?
⑵–Would you mind cleaning your room ? - ______ . I’ll do it right away . ⑶- Don’t eat in class . - _____ . Ms Clark . ⑷ _____ , is this the way to the station ? ◆9 . 声音： sound ( 自然界各种声音 ) noise(噪音)
voice(悦耳的声音：嗓子)
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⑴Lucy has a sweet______ . ⑵That ______ like agood idea . ⑶Don’t make ______ . The baby is sleeping . ◆10 . look like (外貌看起来像… ) be like ( 性格像… )
⑴Lily _____ _____Lucy . Oh , they are twins .
⑵ Tony______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful . ◆11 . take… to …带去 bring…to …带来
fetch 没有方向性(强调来回) ⑴ Tony .______ the ball here .Please .
⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays . ⑶ ______your homework _____ school tomorrow . ◆12. 一些： some 用于肯定句 any 用于否定句和疑问句 ⑴ I’d like ______ milk .
⑵–Would you like______ yogurt ? _ Thanks . I don’t want______ .
※在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some .
◆13. 多少： How many修饰可数名词复数 How much 修饰不可数名词
⑴ ______juice do you want ? ⑵ ______apples do you want ? ⑶- ______is the T-shirt ? –It’s 30 yuan .
※ How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ? ◆14.看 ：see 强调看的结果
look ( at ) 不及物动词，强调看的动作 watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影
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read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志 ⑴Don’t______ in bed .
⑵ We will______ a basketball game this evening . ⑶ Please ______the blackboard . Everyone . ⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday .
※On Saturday night . I saw an interesting talk show .
On Saturday evening . several kids watched a movie . watch a movie =go to a movie ◆15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking. stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事
⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ (cry ) . ⑵ He wastired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest . ◆16. forget /remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：
△forget /remember to do sth(忘记/记得去做某事)→ He forgot to turn off the light .(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post office after school . forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：
△forget /remember doing sth(忘记/记得做过某事)→ He forgot turning off the light .(已做过关灯的动作) Don’t you remember seeing the man before ? ◆17. 到达… reach + 地点 get to + 地点 reach = get to arrive + in + 大地点 arrive + at + 小地点
⑴ He reached London yesterday . = He ______ to London yesterday . =He ______ in London yesterday .
⑵ Shearrived ______ the bus station just now . ⑶ You should______ ( get ) home on time . ※当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略 to ◆18. 擅长，在…方面做得好： be good at = do well in .
⑴ She is good at chemistry . = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry .
⑵ Niuniu is good at ______ the violin . = Niuniu ______ well in______ the violin . ⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls .Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily .but Lily ___________ in singing than Lucy .
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◆19. win (赢得 )接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize beat( 打败、战胜 )接运动员、球队、对手等。 ⑴ Which team______ the football match ?
⑵ Wang Hao______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles . ◆20. 借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb .sth 向某人借某物→borrow借入 lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借给某人 → lend 借出 keep延续性动词 ，与一段时间连用。
⑴ Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?
⑵ You can borrow some money ____ your brother . = You can borrow your brother ____ ____.
⑶ - How long can I ______ the book ? - You can _____ it for two weeks .
※类似用法的还有：buy — have put on — wear become — be leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on die — be dead return — be back ① become He has ______ a doctor . He has ______ a doctor for 10 years . ② begin The film has ______ . The film has _________ for ten minutes . ◆21. 能，会。be able to can
※情态动词后面都接动词原形。
⑴ We should______ able to finish the work tomorrow . ⑵ I can______ (play) the guitar .⑶ He ______able toplay chess .
◆22. too many 太多— 修饰可数名词复数→ I have too many rules in my house . too much 太多 — 修饰不可数名词→Maybe you have too much yin . much too太— 后跟形容词或副词原级→ This coat is much too expensive .
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(完整版)中考英语重点单词短语
