3.-ui在字母j或r后面时,发[u:] fruit ; juice
-ui在字母b或g后面,或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发[i] .......如: build ; guilty ; biscuit (*即就是说字母u不发音)
4.-ur在重音时[?:] turn ; return ; Thursday ; nurse ; purse 在非重音时[?] surprise ; Saturday
-ure在重音时[(j)u?] pure[ju?] ; manure[ju?] ; sure[u?] ..- ture发[t??] picture ; future ; mixture (II) ●辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则
辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些是特殊的,下面试列举如下: 1.b在一般情况下[b] back ; big ; lab ; brother b和u在一起,u常发[i] building; build ; busy -bt一般[t] debt ; doubt
2.c在字母e,i或y前面时[s] city ; Bruce ; juice ; bicycle ;face ; central
c在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[k] cup ; cold ; cattle ; duck ;bicycle ; cap ; cut ; class ;
c在词尾时也发[k],但后面有e,那还发[s] gymnastic[k] ; music[k];grace[s] ; Bruce[s]
-cc在元音字母a,o,u和辅音字母之前[k] occasion ; according ; occupy ; acclaim
在元音字母e和i之前[ks] accent ; success -ci有时发[?] social
-ch 有三种音[t?][k]或[?] 如下: [t?] China ; rich ; chick ; chalk
[k] school ; chemist ; chemistry ; chemical ; ache ; technology [?] machine ; parachute ; moustache
-tch[t?] catch ; match ; fetch ; hatch ; butcher -ck[k] duck ; luck ; ticket ; pocket ; black ; cock
3.d在一般情况下[d] did ; made ; desk ; duck ; doubt ; damage -ds发[dz] birds ; hands
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dr在元音字母前[dr] dry ; dress ; driver ; drill -dge一般[d?] bridge ; fridge ; judge ; edge 4.f在一般情况下[f] five ; flag ; life ; leaf
5.g在字母e,i或y前面[d?] large ; general ; gymnastics ; age ; energy
*例外:give ; forgive ; get ; forget等,g都发[g]
在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[g] goat ; game ; guard ; ghost ; glass
在词尾也发[g] big ; egg ; fig ; flag -gn[n],即g不发音 foreign ; sign ; gnaw
-gh发[f]或[-](*既不发音) [-] high ; thought ; light ; brought [f] laugh ; cough
-dge发[d?] bridge ; knowledge ; judge
*gue-,gua-和gui-在词首时一般u都不发音 guess ; guest ; guard ; guide
而-gue在词尾发[g] league ; colleague
6.h在一般情况下[h] help ; behave ; hello ; hit ; hurry h在字母r或x后面不发音 rhino ; exhibition
7.j在一般情况下[d?] joy ; judge ; injure ; journey ; January ; jar ; just
8.k在一般情况下[k] king ; milk ; kick ; kiss ; lock ; knock k后面是n时,k不发音,即kn发[n] knock ; knee ; know ; knowledge ; knife
9.l在元音字母前发[l](*即“勒”音,供参考) light ;look ; let ; lab ; live
l在辅音字母或词尾时发[l](*即“尔”音,供参考) cold ;sell ; chalk 10.m在一般情况下[m] meet ; meat ; mother ; come ; make ; Tom m后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb发[m] comb ; tomb ; climb ; bomber 11.n在一般情况下[n] in ; now ; next ; ton ; nest n在m后面时,n常不发音,即-mn发[m] autumn ; column
但后面有后缀或构成合成词,则n还要发音的 autumnal ; columnist
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-ng常发[?]或[?g] 发[?] sing ; king ; English ;young 发 [?g] finger ;younger ; language
-nk常发[?k] bank ; sink ; sank ; sunk ; ink ; thank 12.p在一般情况下[p] map ; cap ; people ; pest
-ph[f] photo ; phantom ; philosophy ; physics ; phrase 13.que在一般情况下[k] unique ; cheque
qu一般发[kw] quarter ; quick ; quilt ; quiet ; quite ; queen 14.r在元音字母前才发音[r](*即音同“略”供参考) room ;read ; rest ; around
r在辅音字母或词尾前,一般不发音 car ; star ; jar rh在元音字母前只发[r] rhyme ; rhino ; rhetoric
15.s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短元音之后,一般发[s]
如:see ; some ; set ; sister ; works ; lips ; newspaper ; yes ; this
注:一条发音习惯,欧美人在发[s]音后面的清辅音时,习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的浊辅音(而书写音标的时候,还是写成清辅音),试举例如下:
如:school---音标[sku:l],而习惯念成[sgu:l]
street---音标[stri:t],而习惯念成[sdri:t] stubborn---音标[‘st?bn],而习惯念成[‘sd?bn] student---音标[‘stju:d?nt],而习惯念成[‘sdju:d?nt] space---音标[speis],而习惯念成[sbeis] steal---音标[sti:l],而习惯念成[sdi:l]
就是这样,像这样的单词还有很多。这里只列举这么多了。 s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时,发[z] 如:these ; nose ; lose ; rise ; wisdom ; observe 词尾的在浊辅音或元音之后(即在浊音之后),发[z] ...s.
如:pigs ; plays ; flags ; eggs ; toys ; boys 词尾的在长元音之后,发[z] hers ; yours ...s.
s还可以发[?] sure ; Russia
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-sh一般发[?] sheep ; ship ; wish ; show ; shift ; fish -sch一般情况下[sk] school ; scheme(计划) -sion一般情况下[?n] tension ; succession 在元音字母后[?n] decision ; conclusion -sure在元音字母后[??] measure ; pleasure
16.t在一般情况下[t] tooth ; cat ; teach ; tool ; hit
cut ; let ; ten ; table ; taste ;
-th一般发[θ]或[e],即发[θ] thin ; tooth ; youth ; think ; thigh 发[e] that ; with ; this ; these ; those
-tr[tr] try ; trust ; trip ; trouble ; tree ; street
-tion[?n]information ; organization ; pronunciation ; production (*一个例外:question[t?n])
-ture[t??] picture ; mixture ; future
17.v在一般情况下[v] very ; live ; vehicle ; vase ; valley ; village 18.w在元音字母之前[w] wear ; window ; widow ; week ; weak ; wisdom wr[r] write ; wrong ; wrist ; written wh[h] who ; whom ; whose ; whole
wh[w] what ; which ; when ; where ; why aw[?:] draw ; saw ; law ; lawyer ; awful ew[ju:] few ; threw ; grew ; knew ; new ow[?u] own ; owner ; low ; slow ; know ; below ow[au] now ; cow ; crown
19.x在一般情况下[ks] box ; fox ; next ; textile
位于元音字母之前且重音落在后一个音节上时,发[gz] exam ; exist ; anxiety
20.y在元音字母之前[j] you ; youth ; yes ; young
21.z在一般情况下[z] zoo ; quiz ; zebra ; zero ; zipper
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