一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解
Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide that is damaging our planet and transform it into something solid, making it much easier to store.
Carbon capture isn't new, but previous methods call for the gas to be compressed into liquid and then injected underground. Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks. Instead, in a study published in Nature Communications, the group details their sustainable and cost-effective plan for transforming CO2 into coal.
This new process involves a liquid metal catalyst(催化剂)that is efficient in conducting electricity. CO2 gas is dissolved in a container with some liquid. Once electricity charge is introduced, the CO2 begins to turn into solid pieces of carbon, which can be collected and stored. What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature. Previous experiments have only shown a gas to solid conversion at extremely high temperature, which made it impossible on a large scale. Now, the researchers are hoping that their work will be used to create even further when it comes to carbon storage.
In an interesting side benefit, the solid carbon also works as an electrode(焊条), which opens up a world of possibilities. \charge, becoming a super battery, so it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles,\explains Dr. Dorna Estrafilzadeh, a researcher. \which could also have industrial applications.\
（1）What can we know about the previous carbon capture methods? A. People have to inject liquid to the gas. B. The previous methods can be done easily. C. The previous methods are not very popular. D. People have widely accepted previous methods. （2）What is the special part of the new method? A. It needs electricity to make the process efficient. B. It can be done in any kind of container. C. It doesn't need extreme temperature. D. It can produce much solid carbon.
（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The method will make fossil oil disappear. B. The method will influence the future industry.
C. The method will make developed countries more powerful. D. The method will be used to make new vehicles. （4）What is the best title for the passage? A. How to change carbon into CO2. B. A new carbon capture technology.
C. A new technology to get useful carbon. D. Australia makes the world cleaner than before. 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的碳捕获技术的原理，优点和对未来工业的影响。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks.”可知之前技术的广泛应用受到了经济和环境方面的限制。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature.”可知新技术独特的地方是整个过程可以在室温条件下进行。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“which opens up a world of possibilities； it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles和 which could also have industrial applications”可知这种技术的产物开辟了很多新的可能，可以被变成超级电池为未来车辆供能，过程中的副产品可以作为燃料应用到工业中，由此推测该技术会对未来的工业产生巨大影响。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide ”和下文讲述的内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的碳捕获方法的原理和优点及其影响。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
A video of a three-year-old girl being kicked by her own mother during a photo shot went viral (疯狂传播) on Thursday, indicating China's under per forma nee in regulating the emerging child modeling industry.
The girl, known as Niu Niu, was physically abused by her mother in several videos. The videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike. Many netizens and scholars call for local authorities to carry out further investigations into possible child abuse.
In response to the public outcry (强烈抗议), Niu Niu's mother issued an apology via Sina Wei bo on Thursday, condemning accusations of abuse. She noted that she was merely guiding her daughter for better shots and the girl is well looked after.
Despite her apology, many E-shops which used Niu Niu's images for brand promotion have canceled their cooperation with the mother, while over 110 well-known child garment shops on Taobao have signed up for a campaign to provide better protection for child models.
\is necessary to adopt comprehensive laws and regulations to further protect the kids,
preventing their parents and companies from exploiting (利用) them,\child protection expert, said.
Niu Niu is not alone. In Zhili, a small town in Zhejiang province, thousands of children from across China are taken here by their parents to seize the chance of fame. With a population of 450,000. Zhili has over 13,000 manufacturers of child clothing. In 2017, the town earned over 7 billion yuan by selling do thing for children online, thus providing opportunities for child models. \current advertisement law isn't workable when it comes to the industry of child modeling, as it lacks clear supervision measures and clear legal punishment.\important to issue new laws which regulate child modeling.\ （1）What caused the public outcry? A. Videos showing how child models work. B. Problems in Chinese advertising industry. C. Several cases of child abuse in recent China. D. A girl being physically abused by her mother. （2）What happened after the public outcry? A. Taobao canceled the account of Niu Niu. B. The local police charged Niu Niu's mother. C. Niu Niu's mother admitted abusing her daughter. D. Shops stopped their cooperation with the mother. （3）What provided chances for Chinese child models?
A. The appearance of online shopping. B. The huge online sales of child clothing. C. The fast development of manufacturing. D. The change of parents' ideas about success. （4）Which opinion may Fang Zhiqing agree with? A. China should regulate child modeling. B. There are too many child models in China. C. New economic laws should be issued in Chinch. D. China s current advertisement law isn't workable. 【答案】 （1）D （2）D （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了一个叫妞妞的儿童模特遭到了母亲的身体虐待引起了公众的强烈抗议以及人们对儿童模特行业的思考。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The girl, known as Niu Niu, was physically abused by her mother in several videos.The videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike.”可知，视频中，一个叫妞妞的女孩遭到了母亲的身体虐待引起了公众的强烈抗议，故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Despite her apology, many E-shops which used Niu Niu's images for brand promotion have canceled their cooperation with the mother,”可知，在公众的强烈抗议之后，很多网店停止了与妞妞母亲的合作，故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“In 2017, the town earned over 7 billion yuan by
selling do thing for children online, thus providing opportunities for child models.”可知，2017年，这个浙江的小镇通过在网上销售童装赚了70多亿元，这为儿童模特提供了机会，可知，童装在网上的巨大销量为中国的儿童模特提供了机会，故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It is important to issue new laws which regulate child modeling.”可推断，方志清会同意中国应颁布新的法律来规范儿童模特行业，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解 Book: No Looking Back Author: Shivani Gupta
Shivani had thrown a party one evening and awoke the next morning in hospital because of a car crash. It took Shivani years of pain, struggle and determination to regain control of her life and her body. Then tragedy struck again. As the newly-married Shivani drove to Manali with her family, a truck crashed into her car. Shivani refused to give in-she wouldn't let her injury keep her from achieving her ambitions. Book: Courage Beyond Compare Author: Sanjay Sharma
The 10 sportspersons in the book are champions in diverse fields like athletics, swimming, and badminton, who have brought glory to the country. They overcame their physical limitations to reach the top of their chosen fields. Book: Face to Face Author: Ved Mehta
Blind since the age of four, the author led a lonely childhood in India until he was accepted to the Arkansas School for the Blind, to which he flew alone at 15. America and the school changed his life, leading him to degrees at Oxford and Harvard and a fruitful writing career. Book: This Star Won's Go Out Author: Lori and Wayne Earl
Diagnosed with cancer at 12, Esther Earl was a bright and talented, but very normal teenager. She lived a hope-filled and generous life. A cheerful, positive and encouraging daughter, sister and friend, Esther died in 2010, shortly after turning 16, but not before inspiring thousands through her growing online presence.
（1）The book No Looking Back mainly talks about________. A. an unlucky girl who experienced two car accidents B. 10 disabled athletes who are champions in sports field C. a successful author who was blind during his childhood D. an inspiring teenager who died of cancer
（2）When reading the book written by Sanjay Sharma, we will______. A.find the author is a sports lover B.get inspired by the sportspersons' spirits C.be proud to be a sportsperson
D.find sportspersons are full of power
（3）In which book does the author tell of himself? A.Face to Face B.This Star Won't Go Out C.Courage Beyond Compare D.No Looking Back 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本书及其作者和书的简介。
（1）考查段落大意。根据 Book: No Looking Back部分中的“Shivani had thrown a party one evening and awoke the next morning in hospital because of a car crash.”和第三句“Then tragedy struck again. As the newly-married Shivani drove to Manali with her family, a truck crashed into her car.”一天晚上Shivani举行一个聚会，等她醒来时发现自己由于车祸住进了医院。然后悲剧再次发生，当新婚的Shivani开车带家人去Manali时，一辆卡车和她的车相撞，可知，这本书主要讲述了经历两次车祸的不幸女孩Shivani的故事。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据Book: Courage Beyond Compare部分中的“They overcame their physical limitations to reach the top of their chosen fields.”这些运动员克服身体局限达到他们自己所选择领域的顶峰，可知，我们会从这些运动员不屈不挠的精神中获得鼓舞。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据Book: Face to Face部分中的“Blind since the age of four, the author led a lonely childhood in India until he was accepted to the Arkansas School for the Blind,”作者自从四岁时失明，在印度他度过了孤独的童年，最终考取了Arkansas盲人学校，可知，在书中作者讲述自己的故事。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
People who sleep fewer than six hours a night are more likely to die early, researchers in University of Warwick have found in a recent study. They discovered that people who slept for less than six hours each night were 12% more likely to die before the age of 65 than those who slept the recommended six to eight hours a night.
The researchers pointed out that previous studies had shown that the lack of sleep was associated with problems like heart disease and high blood pressure. However, the researchers also found that sleeping too much was linked to an early death. Those who slept for more than nine hours a night were 30% more likely to die early, as an article in the latest Sleep suggested. That directly contradicts another passage in the same journal last month suggesting that people who slept for ten hours or longer a night were more likely to live to 100. This was thought to be because people who lived into extreme old age were healthier and therefore slept better.
高考英语备考之阅读理解压轴突破训练∶培优易错试卷篇含详细答案(1)
