北京林业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
谷歌地球卫星地图在乡村景观设计中的运用
艺术设计09-3班 指导老师：
摘要
受不同地理位置条件的影响，对乡村景观设计的形势十分严峻，主要体现在受地区交通条件，当地基础设施，测量设备的限制而导致设计前期工作开展困难。随着科学技术的发展，以谷歌地球为代表的卫星遥感地图已涵盖全球，对地区整体环境的信息认知变得快捷方便，降低了信息提取过程中的人力物力财力。
本文在乡村景观设计现有理论的基础上，结合谷歌地球卫星地图，运用计算机图像处理软件提取乡村景观的场地信息，设计依据，相关数据。找出谷歌地球卫星地图与乡村景观设计之间的联系。针对燕格柏乡四季小镇41号村实际案例，说明如何利用谷歌地球卫星地图辅助乡村景观设计，同时在原有设计方法上进行尝试性创新。 关键词：
乡村景观设计；谷歌地球卫星地图；计算机图像处理软件；
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北京林业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
Using Google Earth
satellite map in the countryside in landscape design
Art Design 09-3 Quan YaJian Supervisor: Shi Zhongying
Abstract
Rural Influence of different geographical conditions of rural landscape design, the situation is very serious, mainly in the areas affected by the traffic conditions, local infrastructure, the limitations of the measurement equipment and cause difficulties to carry out preliminary work design. With the development of science and technology, satellite remote sensing map to Google Earth as the representative has been covering the world, on the whole region environmental information cognition become convenient, reduce the manpower and material resources.
In this paper, the design basis of existing theory in rural landscape, with Google Earth satellite map, using computer image processing software to extract the rural landscape site information, design basis, the relevant data. Among the Google Earth satellite map and rural landscape design practice. According to Yan Gebai Four Seasons Town 41 village case, explain how to use the Google Earth satellite map aided rural landscape design, at the same time trying to innovation in the original design method.
Key words: Rural landscape design，Google Earth satellite map，Computer image processing software.
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北京林业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
目录
一 绪论·············································································1 （一）研究背景及问题的提出 ·························································1
1 我国乡村景观的基本概况·······················································1 2 存在的问题···································································1 （二）国内外研究现状·······························································2
1 国外研究现状·································································2 2 国内研究现状·································································3 （三）研究的意义及目的·····························································3 （四）研究的内容及方法·····························································3
1 研究内容·····································································3 2 研究方法·····································································4 二 景观规划设计原理·································································4 （一）景观规划设计概论····························································4
1 景观设计的基本认识··························································4 2 景观规划设计的相关概念······················································5 3 景观规划设计与相关学科的关系················································5 4 景观规划设计的分类··························································6 （二）景观规划设计的发展历程·······················································6
1 中国传统园林的发展历程······················································6 2 外国古典庭院的发展历程······················································7 3 现代景观的产生和发展························································8 4 景观规划的未来趋势··························································9 （三）景观规划的基础理论··························································9
1 环境行为心理学······························································9 2 景观生态学··································································9 3 人居环境与景观设计··························································10 三 对谷歌地球卫星图片场地信息的提取方法及作用·······································10 （一）关于遥感影像的介绍··························································10
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北京林业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
（二）计算机图像处理软件photoshop的介绍··········································11 （三）基于photoshop的色彩分离法···················································11
1 色彩分离法的操作步骤························································12 2 色彩分离法对自然地貌的场地信息提取优势······································13 （四）远程场地信息提取对乡村景观规划设计的辅助作用·································13
1 对实地调研工作的影响························································13 2 场地尺寸的提取······························································14 3 植被类型的预判······························································14 4场地生态环境的快速定位·······················································15 四 设计与理论的结合································································16 （一）设计选题背景及理念··························································16
1 设计选址····································································16 2 地域状况····································································16 （二）整体设计思路································································16
1 设计理念····································································16 2 功能分区····································································17 （三）整体景观改造分析····························································17
1 建筑部分····································································17 2 院落部分····································································18 2 设计成果····································································18 五 结论············································································19 （一）谷歌地球卫星地图对乡村景观设计方法上的影响··································19 （二）远程场地信息提取对于乡村景观设计的意义······································19 致谢···············································································20 参考文献···········································································21 附录···············································································22
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北京林业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
一 绪论
（一）研究背景及问题的提出
1.我国乡村景观的基本概况
自我国改革开放以来，特别是进入21世纪后，为振兴农业经济，提高和改善农业人口的生活质量及生活水平，逐年缩小城乡差别、东西部差别，我国政府对“三农”问题十分重视，且给予多种优惠政策，农村经济和政治地位发生了很大的改变。发展农业旅游是改变农村经济结构重要的途径之一，国家已加强旅游地基础设施的资金投入，体现旅游为先导的策略。另一方面，我国乡村国内旅游需求市场日益增大的直接原因与现代大都市建设的推进、城市环境的污染、人口的喧闹和拥挤等因素密不可分。所以在这种环境下，人们自然会想去放松心情，寻找精神上的家园，找寻宁静、舒适、自在的感受，也许在乡村更容易找到这种感觉。不仅如此，伴随旅游者消费质量的提升，过去传统的游览、观光形式规则显然不能满足旅游者对旅游活动的精神需求，而需要些不同以往的旅游形式，自然纯朴，接近生活的旅行开始受到人们的亲睐。因此农业旅游、乡村旅游也渐渐成为一种时尚活动。
由于乡村地区的经济制约，目前针对乡村地区的景观设计暂时未全面开展，主要以总体指标进行规划，保证其经济的发展。乡村景观设计的逐利性导致对整体生态环境的不重视，以片面的追求经济指标为目的的设计比比皆是，而非盈利性，可持续的乡村景观规划设计机构尚未兴起。这一现状，伴随着乡村景观生态环境的恶化所造成的不利影响，将被人们再次列入话题。所以，我国目前的乡村景观现状不容乐观，需要政府，民间非营利性公益组织进行配合设计。
我国目前的规划编制系统中，总体乡村规划无疑处于重要和核心的高度。可是日益变化的发展的要求，总体规划的矛盾也越发分化，主要表现在实施层面和编制层面。
2.存在的问题
观念认识方面，生活水平的提高并没给乡村生活意识带来有利的改善。相反，乡村的居住环境的改变，以及对城市文化毫无分辨的接受，导致了乡村环境的标新求异。对生态环境不重视，对城市构筑盲目模仿，发展中的乡村大部分向城市学习，把城市的所有看成社会进步的符号，乡村衍生出城市景观，这一切都违背了乡村生态景观发展的秩序。如一些在城市早已开始反省的做法却在乡村生长、蔓延。乡村居民在借鉴城市经济发展进步的同时，却往往没认识到自身与众不同的优点，导致了传统乡村风景的逐渐消失。而且，大部分乡村缺乏相对规范的规划设计单位，自行圈地建房，
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谷歌地球卫星地图在乡村景观设计中的运用本科毕业论文
