高中英语完形填空解题技巧大全
开篇练习 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment
he would be able to walk， but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was 1 in hospital. By the time he was eight， you wouldn‘t know he has a problem when you saw him 2 .
Children in our neighborhood always ran around 3 their play， and Joey would jump and ran and play， 4 . We never told him that he probably wouldn‘t be 5 to run like the other children. So he didn’t know.
In 6 grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others， 7 only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the 8 . We didn‘t tell him he probably would never make the team， so he didn’t know.
He ran four to five mile every day - even when he had a fever. I was 9 ， so I went to 10 him after school. I found him running 11 . I asked him how he felt. “Okay，” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept 12 .
Two weeks later， the names of the team 13 were caked. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had 14 the team. He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn‘t do it … so he didn’t know. He just 15 it.
1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid 2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk 3. A. after B. before C. during D. till 4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet 5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid 6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth 7. A. so B. if C. then D. because
8. A. neighborhood B. familyC. school D. grade 9. A. excited B. tiredC. pleased D. worried
10. A. think about B. hear fromC. agree with D. look for 11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already
12. A. riding B. walkingC. playing D. running 13. A. jumpers B. runnersC. doctors D. teachers 14. A. got B. kept C. made D. found 15. A. did B. had C. left D. took
（Keys：1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D）（一）那么,究竟怎样才能做好完型填空呢?
1、通读全文,了解大概 首先将全文快速阅读一遍,对文章内容有一个粗略的了解。因为根据格式塔的心理学理论,我们在处理文字信息时,不需要听到或看到全部的信息内容,而是根据部分信息,就能理解文章信息大意。这就是编制完型填空的理论依据。
2、抓关键词,启迪思维 在对全文有一个基本了解后,第二步要着手选词填空。选词的诀窍是找出关键词,使上下文能合理、通顺。近几年试题中的完型填空的四个选项的设置都有很强的干扰性,语法上都几乎正确,但从词义上或上下文中唯有一项为最佳选择。这时选词主要依据是上下文中提供的信息。有时要选的正好是关键词。我们还是根据该词所处的特定的语言环境,仔细推敲,就不难选出正确的词。
3、难词斟酌,二次完成 近来的高考试题的完型填空的第一句不设空,就是为了提供学生一个背景或情景,便于学生读懂全文。但学生在第一遍填词过程中,经常会遇到一些词怎么思索也分辨不出,似乎都可以,这时切不可胡乱选一个词,因为选错一个词会影响后面一大片。
我们不妨就暂时空一下,继续往下做,也许后面有提示,即使没有任何提示或线索,我们也不急。在全文有把握并填好后,再读第二遍,因为全文已基本填好,提供信息会更多,原来模棱两可的词往往会迎刃而解。
4、后期积累 在每次做好完型填空后,有一项很重要的积累工作。即把已做好的完型填空原来做错部分仔细研究,认真思考:为什么这一空我选错了,把上下文再读一遍,找出原因,是文章没有看懂,还是这个短语不认识,若是句子结构复杂而没有看懂,那么就把这个句子记在笔记本上;若是短语或习惯用法不知道,也把这些记在笔记本上。通过做练习学到一些东西,丰富自己的语言知识,水平就会越来越高。反之,做了练习,不做笔记,没有积累,就跟没做差不多。 二）下面具体谈谈解题技巧和方法。 一、重视首句的开篇启示作用
“完形填空”所采用的短文一般不给标题，考生无法借助标题推知全文大意，但短文的首句通常是一个未被“掏空”的完整句子，这便是我们探索短文全貌的“窗口”。考生应努力抓住首句或首段文句的提示意义，判断出文章的体裁，迅速推测全文的大意乃至主题。这样才会感到思路通畅，从而跨出正确解题的第一步。因此，我们决不能忽视首句的提示作用。 二、通读全文，快速了解全文大意 每当遇到这种题型，有些学生习惯于边读边填空，或者干脆把文后 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 四个选项纳入短文空格一起“诵读”，急于求成。然而欲速则不达，结果往往是“只见树木，不见森林”。正确的做法是：依据守句给出的提示，通过逻辑思维，捕捉文中关键词语的语义信息，借助连词以及具有连词作用的副词、
代词、关系词、介词及插入语，跳过一个又一个空格，尽快把全文通读一至三遍，快速掌握全文大意。这样才完全有可能使整篇短文形成明晰的意义轮廓。 三、先易后难，瞻前顾后 在掌握文章大意后，先做最有把握最熟悉的题目。在没有弄懂第一个空所在句子的意义时，切忌慌着去做。这是因为在提供的选择中，往往有一定的迷惑性，一旦思路误入歧途，就可能出现连锁反应，导致一连串的错选。因此，在遵循忠于全文大意和主题的条件下，通过上下文联系展开逻辑推理。这样答案随着理解的深入自然地从脑海里涌现出来。对于难点要反复推敲，比较差异，根据意义、语法和逻辑等方面来判断选择，从而找出一个最适合题意的选项。 四、复读全文，验证答案
全部空格填满后，看文章是否贯通流畅，内容清晰，主题突出。遇到疑义之处，应从意义和语法两角度权衡优劣，从而改正错误，弥补疏漏。 以上所谈及解题技巧决不是“万能钥匙”，更代替不了你应该具有的知识和能力。因此要熟练驾驭“完形填空”这一题必须做到： 1 ．应经常阅读些短小的文章。对各种体裁、题材、风格的文章都有所涉猎，以便培养语感和快速阅读能力。
2 ．应注意积累材料，对于一些常用的短语、句型、习惯用法和词组的固定搭配要熟练掌握。也要会分析句子，能辨认各种简单句、并列句及复合句的结构。 3 ．平时要注意抓住语言难点、语法要点，用足够的精力去弄通练透，特别是容易混淆的地方，一定要引起注意。 （三）“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。
做“完型填空”题应遵循下列步骤： 1、通读全文，了解大意
做这类题目是，首先应该把文章通读一遍，了解一下文章的大概内容。千万不要读一句填一句，因为“完形填空”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立，但从全文看又不可取。 A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food.
You may hear “hot dog” 1 in other ways. People sometimes say “hot dog” to express 2 . For example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You might say “Great! I would love to go.” Or, you could say, “4 ! I would love to go.”
People 5 use the expression to describe (描写)someone who is a “show- off”, who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is. You often hear such 7 called a “hot dog”. He may be a baseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a (n) 9 catch seem more difficult. You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows (鞠躬) to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 .
1. A. eaten B. used C. cooked D. picked 2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply 3. A. if B. how C. when D. where
4. A. Hot dog B. Don’t worry C. Never mind D. Excuse me 5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet
(完整版)高中英语完形填空解题技巧大全
