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目 录
摘要····································································································3 正文····································································································3 一、全球变暖的定义··············································································3 二、全球变暖的背景介绍········································································3 三、全球变暖的现状··············································································4 四、全球变暖的原因·············································································· 5 （一）自然因素······················································································5 （二）人为因素······················································································5 五、全球变暖的影响和后果·······································································7 （一）对气候的影响·················································································7 （二）对冰川的影响················································································8 （三）对人体健康的影响··········································································8 （四）对生态系统的影响···········································································9 （五）对政治的影响················································································9 （六）对海洋的影响···············································································9 （七）对农作物的影响············································································10 （八）冰河期·························································································10 六、对全球变暖的应对措施·····································································11 七、总结································································································13 参考文献······························································································13
摘要：全球气候变暖已是不争的事实，气候变化已成为人类社
会可持续发展面临的重大挑战，受到了国际上的普遍关注。我国是深受全球变暖影响的国家,因此,研究全球变暖是十分有意义和必要的。本文分析了全球变暖的现状，并研究了全球变暖的自然原因和人为原因及其关系, 阐述了全球变暖对我国可能的影响及应对措施。
关键词：全球变暖；现状；原因；影响；对策
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文档从互联网中收集，已重新修正排版，word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。
一、全球变暖的定义
全球变暖指的是在一段时间中，地球大气和海洋温度上升的现象，主要是由于人们在日常生活中大量使用煤、石油等矿物燃料、各种能源的消耗、毁木筏林、汽车尾气排放过多而产生的二氧化碳等多种温室气体，使其直接排放到大气中，一部分被大气直接吸收，另一部分被反射回地面，进而导致全球气候变暖。全球变暖的后果，会使全球降水量重新分配、冰川和冻土消融、海平面上升等，既危害自然生态系统的平衡，更威胁人类的食物供应和居住环境。
二、全球变暖的背景介绍：
近100多年来，全球平均气温主要为上升趋势。进入八十年代后全球气温明显上升。
为了阻止全球变暖趋势，联合国纽约总部于1992年5月通过了《联合国气候变化框架公约》，同年6月在巴西里约热内卢举行的联合国环境与发展大会期间正式开放的，于1994年3月生效，奠定了应对气候变化国际合作的法律基础。它由序言及26条正文组成，它指出，历史上和目前全球温室气体排放的最大部分源自发达国家，发展中国家的人均排放量仍相对较低，因此气候变化应遵循“共同但有区别的责任”的原则，根据这个原则发达国家应率先采取措施限制温室气体的排放，并向发展中国家提供有关资金和技术，而发展中国家在得到发达国家技术和资金支持下采取措施减缓或适应气候变化。目前已有192个国家正式批准了上述公约，这足以证明各国保护环境的决心。
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文档从互联网中收集，已重新修正排版，word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。
三、全球变暖的现状：
近年来，全球变暖引发了频繁的风暴、干旱、水灾，危害了自然生态系统的平衡，高温使全球各地都面临严重的气候灾难。如今北半球春天的冰雪解冻期比150年前提前了9天，而秋天的霜冻开始时间却晚了10天左右,这也逐渐引起了世界各国对环境的重视。
目前经调查发现曾经冰封的北极夏季冰层区域开出了新航道。在南极以及附近的岛屿，冰山融化的数量数以万亿吨计。特别是在欧洲、南美洲、亚洲与非洲，山地冰川正以前所未有的速度融化；另一方面从格陵兰岛到马尔代夫，从澳大利亚的大堡礁到印尼诸岛，众多岛屿正因海平面上升而面临被淹没的危险，一些岛国将来可能不复存在；如果极地冰冠融化，经济发达、人口稠密的沿海地区会被海水吞没，比如上海、威尼斯、香港、里约热内卢、东京、曼谷、纽约等海滨大城市以及孟加拉、荷兰、埃及等国也将难逃厄运。
自1995年以来，《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方大会每年召开一次。2011年11月28日至12月1日，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第十七次缔约方会议在南非德班召开，此次大会被称为“人类拯救地球最后一次机会”。2011年12月，德班结束谈判决定，实施《京都议定书》第二承诺期并启动绿色气候资金。
四、全球变暖的原因
（一）自然因素： 1、火山活动
2、地球周期性公转轨迹变动：
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全球变暖的影响因素及应对措施
