课程主题：自招系列讲义6 学习目标 掌握句子结构划分依据，综合能力训练 教学内容 句子的结构 句子成分 主语(S) 谓语(V) 表语(P) 宾语(O) 间接宾语(O1) 直接宾语(O2) 宾语补足语(C) 知识点一 五种基本句株式 ① S+V 主谓结构 He is running. (vi.) He works in a big company. (vi.) We have lived in the city for ten years. (vi.) ② S+V+O 主谓宾结构 I do homework. (v.) I like popular music. (vt.) She knows what to do next. (vt.) ③ S+V+O1+O2 主谓双宾结构 Can you give me some examples about it? This term I have already written my parents three letters. One thousand people will probably give you a thousand different answers. 1
④ S+V+O+C 主谓宾补结构 I found him out. I thought him to be a good man. I find him playing basketball. The day is long and the night is short in summer. The report sounds very interesting. My brother has been in the Youth League for two years. ⑤ S+V+P 主系表结构 例句: (1) The rich should help the poor. (S+V+O,其中 the rich 是主语) 富人应该帮助穷人。 (2) It's dangerous playing with fire. (S+V+P,it是形式主语,真正的主语是playing with fire) 玩火危险。 (3) She takes good care of her sick mother. (S +V+O,动词短语做谓语) 她把生病的母亲照顾得很好。 (4) He goes out and does morning exercises every morning. (S +V+O,并列谓语) 每天早上,他都出去做早操。 (5) You'd better not take the magazine out of the reading room . (S+V+O+C,had better为情态动词,后面加动词原形) 你最好不要把杂志带出阅览室。 (6) Is it yours?(=It is yours. S +V+P,it是主语,yours 是表语) 它是你的吗? 2
(7) The machine must be out of order. (S+V+P) 这台机器肯定出数障了。 (8)He asked me whose pronunciation was the best in the class. (S+V+01 +02,ask sb.sth.询问某人某事) 他问我班上谁的发音最好。 (9)I often ask him to help me with my English. (S+V+0+C, ask sb.to do sth. 请求某人做某事) 我经常请他帮我学习英语。 (10) I find it easy to answer this question. (=I find to answer this question is easy. S +V+O+C,it 是形式宾语) 我觉得这道问题容易回答。 (11) Who is the girl in red?(介词短语做定语,S+V+P) 穿红衣服的女孩是谁? (12) A noise outside made him turn around. (副语做定语,S+V+O+C) 听到外面的噪声,他转过身。 指出下列句子划线部分的句子成分。 1.The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3.I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5.They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 3
8.There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10.His wish is to become a scientist. 11. He managed to finish the work in time. 12. Tom came to ask me for advice. 13. He found it important to master English. 14. Do you have anything else to say? 15. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good. 16. Would you please tell me your address? 1. 主语,定语 2.间接宾语 3.谓语,状语 4. 定语 5.状语,状语 6.定语,表语 7.宾语,状语 8.谓语,主语 9.谓语 10.主语,表语 11.谓语,宾语 4
12.状语 13.形式宾语,真正宾语 14.宾语,定语 15.插入语,状语 16.间接宾语,直接宾语 知识点二 独立主格结构以及it的用法 1. with 结构 with + 名词/代词 +to do/doing/done/形容词/介词短语等, 表示伴随、原因或条件 (1) With the crowds cheering( =While the crowds were cheering),they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫。 (2) We like to sleep with windows open(=while the windows are open). 我们喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。 (3) With her to go with us(=As she will go with us), we are sure to have a pleasant journey.有她和我们一起去,我们的旅途一定会很愉快。 (4) The road with fruit trees planted on both sides(=where fruit trees are planted on both sides)leads to the mountain village. 两边都种着果树的那条路通向那个山村。 (5) The house caught a big fire last night,without anything left in it(=with nothing left in it=and nothing was left in it). 那房子昨晚发生火灾,结果里面的东西都烧光了。 2. 名词/代词 +to do/doing/done/形容词/介词短语等,表示伴随的动作或状态、原因、条件方式、补充说明时间或顺序 5
初中英语 上海中考自招讲义-6-句子结构划分
