D
Children used to be able to play freely, exploring and interacting with the natural world with little or no supervision(监督) by adults. They were free to invent games of their own. Nowadays, however, we control the lives of our children much more, giving them fewer chances for free play. Many children in England used to spend hours playing on their bikes, having all sorts of adventures, but this is now considered too dangerous. Some working families can't care for their children after school, so the children have to stay indoors or attend supervised after-school activities.
The result is that some children have little time for play any more and when they do it's often spent in front of the television or computer. In the past, children in Brazil played a game which involves spinning (旋转) a large seed with a hole in it to create a scream-like noise. They rarely play this game nowadays.
Studies show that outdoor environments help all people by reducing stress and creating a general feeling of well-being. When children play in the open air, they are more likely to have positive feelings about each other.
Outdoor environments are also important for children's development of independence. When playing outside, children can gradually increase the distance from adults. Adults are then more willing to trust their children, an important element in confidence-building which improves the relationship between child and parent.
Outdoors, children have more chances to use all their senses. They have greater freedom not only to run and shout, but also to interact with the environment. Activities which may not be allowed indoors are perfectly acceptable outdoors; children are free to play messy games out in the open air that just wouldn't be permitted in the home.
Children experience the natural environment differently from adults. Adults typically see nature as background to what they are doing, while for children it is a hands-on experience. The expensive toys and indoor educational games cannot substitute for the experience of direct interaction with nature. They cannot replace the sensation where a child's attention is suddenly caught by the sunlight through leaves or the gentle noise of water flowing by.
47. The author mentions a Brazilian game to show that _______. A. it was common for children to invent games in the past B. TV and computer are more popular than outdoor games C. Brazilian children used to play outdoor games D. children seldom play outdoors nowadays
48. How do adults react when their children become more independent?
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A. They don't control the lives of their children anymore. B. They have more confidence in their children. C. They want their children to stay indoors. D. They experience less stress.
49. The underlined part “substitute for” in the last paragraph can be replaced by _______. A. take the place of C. be used as
B. be based on D. get through
50. The author's purpose in writing the text is to _______. A. introduce some outdoor games B. present a study on outdoor play
C. encourage people to interact more with nature D. advise parents to let children play outdoors more 【答案】47. D 48. B 49. A 50. D
第 II 卷
V. 单词填空 （共 10 小题，每空仅限填一词；每空 1 分，满分 10 分）
根据所给的首字母和中文写出所缺单词的完整形式，注意有的需要词形变化。 51. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and __________(秩序) in society. 52. She was found alive but __________ (不省人事) lying in the corner. 53. Trains are fast and ____________ (方便), but rush hours can be terrible. 54. The university provides some students __________ (住宿) on campus. 55. No smoking will be allowed within a future city’s ___________ (范围). 56. Picasso’s work was i____________ on many other painters in the 20th century. 57. Greetings in Asian countries do not i____________ touching the other person. 58. The country has always relied on coal and other natural r_________.
59. The dam will g________electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution. 60. You will be attending the conference the whole morning, but in the afternoon you’ll be free to e_____________ this charming city on your own. 【答案】51. order 52. unconscious 53. convenient
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54. accommodation 55. limits 56. influential 57. involve 58. resources 59. generate 60. explore 【解析】
VI. 书面表达（共 1 小题，满分 15 分）
61.假设你是李华，你讲参加主题为“Global Water Shortage”的英语演讲比赛。请写一份演讲稿，主要内容如下：
1. 全球水资源短缺情况严峻；
2. 水资源短缺的原因（环境污染、人口增长等）；
3. 应对措施（科学的储存未来用水、开发现有水资源使用新方式、节约用水等）。
注意：1. 词数不少于 100；2. 可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾以为你写好。 参考用词：资源 resources
Good morning, everyone, I am Li Hua. It’s my great honor to speak here.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】Good morning, everyone,
I am Li Hua. It’s my great honor to speak here. As we all know, the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to environmental pollution, the ever-increasing population and the improper use of water resources. Thus, we should do something to deal with it.
First, we should store water in a scientific way for future use. Second, we should develop some new ways to use the existing water resources, such as turning sea water into fresh water. Third, it’s everyone’s responsibility to
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make good use of water, like recycling and saving water in our daily life.
In conclusion, people around the world should protect water resources and explore potential ones scientifically. That’s all. Thank you.
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2018-2019学年天津市第一中学高一下学期期末考试英语试卷（word版）
