学位代码 308
分类号
密级
TQ654+.2 GK
学校代码 10298 学 号 3070300
南京林业大学
论文题目：杉木根精油提取及深加工研究 作 专
者：陈科 业：化学工艺
研究方向：精细化工 指导教师：朱凯教授
致谢
本论文是在朱凯教授的严格要求及悉心指导下完成，从论文的选题、实 验的开展及论文的撰写，都凝结着朱都是的心血和智慧。在三年的学习期 间，导师渊博的学术知识、严谨的治学态度、朴实的为人和忘我的工作热情 给我留下了深刻的印象，并使我受益终身！值此论文完成之际，谨向朱老师 表示衷心的感谢！
在论文工作期间，林中祥、季永新、朱新宝、毛连山、杨云等老师给予 导和帮助，向诸位老师表示感谢！
感谢林产化工专业的周建斌老师在实验阶段提供的仪器及设备的帮助！ 感谢本课题组研究生任静、云亮、吴昊和本科生蒋晨武、黄杰、陆洲在 给予的大力帮助！
最后感谢我的父母及好友在学习和生活中给予我的关心和支持！
陈科
2018年6月 个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
了大量指论文期间摘要
杉木根含有丰富的杉木精油，从杉木精油主要化学组成及香气来看，完全可以替代柏 木油应用于香料工业。目前，杉木根及加工废弃物一直没有被很好的利用，造成了资源 的严重浪费。本文对杉木根精油进行提取、精制单离及组成进行研究，并对单离出的化 合物进行化学深加工研究，力求寻找出一条对杉木根高质、高效利用的综合加工路线。
以杉木根为原料，通过水蒸气法和干馏法提取杉木油。考察各种因素，特别是添加渗 透剂UR-1对杉木油得率的影响，确定水蒸气蒸馏的适宜工艺条件，杉木油得率为 2.0%;对干馏法和水蒸气法进行了比较，干馏油得率高，为
9.6%，并能同时得到木醋
液、木炭、可燃气等产品，但干馏油香气质量差，不能像水蒸气油那样直接用于调香。 采用蒸馏、碱洗及自由基反应对杉木干馏油进行祛焦脱臭处理，对色泽，气味进行评 价，结果精制干馏杉木油基本达到调香要求。采用
GC/MS对杉木油进行分析，确定主
要成分为：柏木醇、a柏木烯、3■柏木烯，从化学组成来看和柏木油非常接近。
对干馏的副产物木醋液进行精制，对干馏过程中产生的不凝气体
CO2、H2、CO及
CH4的组成和热值变化规律进行研究，探索对杉木根加工的多产品、多功能性的高效利 用途径。
以柏木醇、硫酸二甲酯和氨基钠进行甲基柏木醚的合成研究，通过正交实验确定合成 甲基柏木醚的较佳工艺条件为： *氨基钠）： ＜柏木醇）=1.8:1，*硫酸二甲酯）：*柏 木醇）=1.0:1,甲基化反应时间为 2h，甲基化反应温度为80C，结果甲基柏木醚的得率 为84.5%;以柏木烯和醋酐为原料，多聚磷酸为催化剂合成乙酰基柏木烯，研究了柏木 烯和罗汉柏烯对乙酰化产品香气的影响。
关键词：杉木根；杉木油；干馏；木醋液；甲基柏木醚
Study on essential oil extracted from Chinese fir root and
deep-processing
Abstract
Chinese fir root is rich in essential oil,which can completely replace cedar oil used in perfume in dustryaccordi ng to the aroma and chemical compositi on.At prese nt,ch in ese fir root and waste from wood process ing have not bee n put to good use,caused serious waste of resource.Through the research on extract ion ,refi ning and isolati on of esse ntial oil from Chin ese fir,as well as the deep chemical processing of isolated compounds, this article was to find a comprehensive processing method to utilize the Chinese fir root with high efficiency and high quality.
It was studied on essential oil extracted from chinese fir root by steam distillation and carb on izatio n.Effect of various factors in particular to add pen etra nt UR-1 on oil extract ion were inv estigated,determi ned the optimum con diti on for steam distillati on and extracti on yield is 2.00%.Compared to steam distillation method, the carbonization method could get high yield 9.6% ,and also abtained wood vinegar, charcoal , flammable gas and other products , however, pyrolysis fir oil could not be directly used as perfumery because of its poor quality in aroma and color.Pyrolysis fir oil was basic to perfumery requirement according to the aroma and color which was treated by distillati on ,caustic washi ng and free radical reactio n.Thirty-nine kinds of components in fir oil were identified by GC/MS,the main compounds were cedrol, a cedreneand^cedrene,which were close to cedar wood oil on chemical composition.
Through the research on refi ning of wood vin egar,compositi on and calorific value of noncondensable gas CO, H2 , CO , and CH4,to explore a efficient utilization way of chinese fir root with multi-product and muti-f un cti on al.
Methyl cedryl ether was syn thesized with cedrol , dimethyl sulfate and sodium amide.The optimum conditions were determined by orthogonal experiment:n(NaNH2>:n(Cedrol>=1.8:1,
n(DMS>:n(Cedrol>=1.0:1,methylation time 2h ,methylation temperature 80°C, and synthesis yield is 84.5% 。 Acetyl cedre ne was syn thesized with cedre ne,acetic an hydride and polyphosphoric acid as catalyst,and the aroma of acetylation of cedrene and thujopsis was studied.
Key words:Chinese fir root。 Fir wood oil。 Carbonization。 Wood vinegar。 Methyl cedryl
ether
个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
目录
杉木根精油提取及深加工研究报告定稿
