【英语】初中英语英语阅读理解汇编解题技巧及练习题含解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读理解
Survey：What were you scared of when you were a kid?
I was scared of spiders but I didn't let my friends know because all of them liked catching these spiders. I was terrified but I just acted cool. —Buding, still afraid of spiders I was scared of the dark because I didn't know if there was something scary inside the room. As a result, I always liked sleeping with my back facing the wall because it made me a little comfortable. —Gerard, not so afraid of the dark anymore, but still sleeps with his back facing the wall Strange as it probably sounds, I was scared of shadows（影子）.Not the shadows themselves, but what they formed（形成）.Because I was near-sighted（近视的）, the shadows I saw formed into the scariest things I saw in my mind. —Jean, no longer afraid of shadows I was afraid of the old woman who lived alone right in front of us. Very large trees covered the front part of her small house. The few times I saw the old woman, it scared me because she looked like a witch（女巫）.Once I was playing volleyball with my friends and the ball flew into her house. We all ran home quickly and decided that it was okay to lose the ball instead of seeing her come out of the house. —Mac, who has already moved to a different house （1）Buding used to be afraid of . A. the dark B. spiders C. shadows D. an old woman （2）Gerard sleeps.
A. with the light on B. with his parents
C. with the window open D. with his back facing the wall （3）There is something wrong with Jean's .
A. legs B. back C. yes D. feet （4）The old woman lived in a small house .
A. by herself B. with her daughter C. with her husband D. with her grandmother 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）C （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一些人童年害怕的东西。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 Buding, still afraid of spiders 可知， Buding害怕蜘蛛，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据文章提到的 Gerard, not so afraid of the dark anymore, but still sleeps with his back facing the wall 可知，他睡觉的时候需要背对着墙，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的 Because I was near-sighted 可知，Jean的眼睛有问题，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据文章提到的 I was afraid of the old woman who lived alone right in front of us 可知，这个老妇女独自生活，故选A。
【点评】本文考查了阅读理解，考查了细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，然后熟悉问题，带着问题到文章中找出答案，注意细节。
2．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Sometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological （心理学的） processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.
One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed （接触） to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to pass.
It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar （熟悉的）. We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up. How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.
Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加） our experience of time.
Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with. Look at the sky, or at the buildings you pass, traveling among them. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.
To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing. It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time.
（1）According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time by ________. A. going to bed on time B. traveling to new places C. having dinner as usual D. printing the same materials （2）What can we learn from the passage?
A. Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information. B. Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly. C. We can take in more information by living through our senses. D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.
（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Slow Down Time B. Only Time Will Tell C. Race Against Time D. Time Will Not Come Twice 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）A
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述我们的大脑吸收的信息越多，时间似乎过得更慢。 （1）推断题。根据 It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations.不同的环境，会产生不同的时间体验，因此推出经历不同的的地方可以扩展自己的体验，故选B。
（2）推断题。根据 This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.可知通过我们的感觉生活可以使我们获得更多的信息，故选C。 （3）主旨题。本文主要讲述讲述我们的大脑吸收的信息越多，时间似乎过得更慢，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
3．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.
Harvard Business School researcher, Francesca Gino, has a different idea. While most people seem to think that dressing differently from those around you generally has a bad influence, she believes it can actually have a positive （积极的） effect. And she's done experiments to support her idea. When her researchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensive shops in Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.
Do people always view less formal （正式的） clothing more positively? Researchers in France took their research out into the street, to the general public. The video they made shows an actor dressed in a well-cut suit and shiny shoes. While walking along the road, he begins to cough badly, stops to catch his breath and falls down. Before he even calls for help, people rush to help him. In another video, the actor appears at the same crowded place and repeats the actions in exactly the same way. But this time, no one comes to help. What's the difference? He's wearing untidy clothes and looks like a homeless person. In a situation like this, the clothes you're wearing could mean the difference between life and death.
It seems that our clothing doesn't only change the way others view us, but also the way we see ourselves. In an experiment testing students' ability to pay attention to details （细节）, the group wearing white lab coats did the best. Why? Researchers told them that they were wearing the doctors' coats. The experiment didn't show whether such influences would last long. More
experiments are needed in the future before we decide to make the doctors' coats a must of fashion.
（1）Mark Zuckerberg is not considered serious by some people because ________. A. he does not listen to others' advice B. he sets up a network of video games C. he wears jeans and a T-shirt to work D. he often plays jokes at business meetings
（2）Which of the following is Gino's opinion according to Paragraph 2? A. It is necessary to buy expensive clothes. B. Wearing less formal clothes is in fact good. C. It is bad to dress differently from people around you. D. Wearing sports clothes makes you look less important.
（3）In Paragraph 3, the writer proves （证明） his （her） opinion mainly. A. by giving reasons B. by using pictures C. by comparing facts D. by listing numbers （4）What can we learn from the passage? A. What we wear makes a difference. B. Formal clothing makes a wise man. C. Our value depends on what we wear. D. Our clothing influences our characters. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）C （4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了衣着对人们的影响。我们的衣着不仅改变了别人对我们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.理解可知，Mark穿着牛仔裤与T恤衫参加正式会议，有些人认为他不严肃，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句When her researchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensive shops in Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.理解可知，穿着非正式服装其实挺好的，故选B。
（3）理解归纳题。通读第三段我们可以看出，作者通过两个实例来证明人们不一定总是积极地看待不太正式的服装，人们有时还是以“貌”取人，故选C。
（4）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，人们的穿着可以对自己或他人产生很大的影响，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。
4．阅读下面的材料.从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There are many ways to help improve your health like eating healthy food, taking exercise and getting medical help. But the easiest and cheapest way to improve your health is just to sleep eight hours or more every night. The general sleeping rule is that the younger you are. The longer sleep you need. But regardless of（不管）age, some people need to sleep more while for some a few hours is enough.
The problem with sleep is that more and more people in the world are not sleeping enough. According to the World Health Organization over half the people in the world may be sleep-deprived. Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents. In the United States alone, sleepy drivers cause at least 100,000 traffic accidents a year. Also sleep problems can cause medical problems such as high blood pressure（血压）.
Why are so many people sleep-deprived? Part of the reasons may be cultural. In the American culture, people put a higher value on work than on sleep. In fact, people who sleep a lot are usually seen as \have much time to sleep. They only sleep four or five hours a night. It seems that the less you sleep, the more work you'll do.
How do we teach these people to learn the value of sleep? Perhaps they may listen to the advice of Dr. James Maas. an expert（专家） in sleep. He says,\（信用卡） card. When you sleep less. You are only borrowing time. You always have to pay it back. The more hours you don't sleep, the more hours you should t sleep to \credit card.'\
For those who value work more than sleep, they should listen to what a famous person once said. \（愚蠢的） idea which is held by people who have no imagination. You will be able to do more.\ （1）According to the writer, the easiest and cheapest way to improve health is to . A. eat healthy food every day B. take exercise as much as possible C. get medical help whenever necessary D. sleep eight hours or more every night （2）What does \ A. Having a good sleep. B. Excited about sleep. C. Having less sleep. D. Interested in sleep. （3）According to Dr. James Maas. What is sleep like?
A. An hour. B. A report. C. A credit card. D. A piece of paper. （4）What do the words of the famous person mean in Paragraph 5? A. Sleeping during the night is foolish. B. Sleeping during the night is helpful. C. People have no courage. D. People always do less work. （5）What is the best title of the passage'?
A. The Value of Sleep B. The Value of Study C. The Ways of Eating Less D. The Ways of Making Money 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）C
[英语]初中英语英语阅读理解汇编解题技巧及练习题含解析
