舟山市船舶工业发展对外贸易策略研究
摘 要
船舶工业是舟山市的主导产业，随着舟山市工业的不断发展，舟山船舶产品对外贸易额突飞猛进，出口产品结构不断改善，出口市场不断扩大。然而舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展存在着生产效率低，产业配套发展落后等主要问题。
舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展具有劳动成本低、政策支持力度大等优势，同时也存在产业集中度低、企业创新能力薄弱等劣势。此外，舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展也面临着诸多机遇与挑战，主要有国际船舶产业向东亚转移，交通条件改善等机遇，以及国际造船新规范、新标准的不断升级，船舶出口成本提高等挑战。
本文根据上述分析研究提出促进舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的建议，主要有加强促进船舶专业人才队伍建设，完善产业预警机制，促进船舶企业整合内外资源等，为相关政府部门的决策提供支持与参考，有助于促进地方经济和我国船舶工业对外贸易更好的发展。
关键词：船舶工业；对外贸易；劣势；挑战。
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Abstract
Shipbuilding industry is the leading industry of Zhoushan, with advancement of industrialization and foreign opening level in Zhoushan, vessel products production and external trade grows rapidly, the export product mix has been constantly improved and the export marketing expands continuously. However, there are some problems that existed in Zhoushan's foreign trade, such as low productivity and the underdevelopment of supporting industries, etc.
The development of Shipbuilding industry has the advantges with low labor costs and strong supporting policies in Zhoushan, meanwhile, it also has some weaknesses such as the weakness of Firm's innovative capabilities and low degree of industry concentration, etc. Besides, it is also facing many opportunities and threats. The opportunities include that the transfer of international Shipbuliding industry and the improvement of traffic conditions, etc. And the threats include that the escalating of new international shipbuilding standards and the increasing export costs of vessel products, etc.
In order to promote the development of Shipbuliding industry in Zhoushan, we put forward some suggestions which based on the aforementioned analysis approach. First, strengthen of building the team of professionals; Second, to complete the early warning system; Third, to advance firms integrating inside and outside resource, etc. These suggestions are provided for the government as reference in decision-making, and help to promote the development of foreign trade in local economy and Shipbuliding industry in China.
Keywords: Shipbuliding industry;Foreign trade;Weakness;Threat.
II
目 录
1 舟山船舶工业对外贸易的发展过程 .................................. 2 2 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的现状 .................................. 3
2.1 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的主要成就 ................................................... 3
2.1.1 出口产品结构改善 ............................................................................. 3 2.1.2 出口市场扩大 ..................................................................................... 3 2.1.3 贸易方式的转变 ................................................................................. 4 2.1.4 出口形势良好 ..................................................................................... 4 2.2 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展面临的主要问题 ........................................... 4
2.2.1 船舶企业接单难 ................................................................................. 4 2.2.2 生产效率低 ......................................................................................... 5 3.2.3 产业配套发展落后 ............................................................................. 5 2.2.4 订单分布不均 ..................................................................................... 6 3 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的优劣势分析 ............................ 7 3.1 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的优势 ........................................................... 7
3.1.1 政策优势 ............................................................................................. 7 3.1.2 劳动力优势 ......................................................................................... 7 3.1.3 规模优势 ............................................................................................. 8 3.1.4 区位优势 ............................................................................................. 8 3.2 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的劣势 ........................................................... 9
3.2.1 船舶企业普遍偏小 ............................................................................. 9 3.2.2 船舶专业人才不足 ............................................................................. 9 3.2.3 企业创新能力薄弱 ............................................................................. 9 3.2.4 公司管理水平低 ............................................................................... 10 4 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的机遇与挑战 ........................... 11 4.1 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的机遇 .......................................................... 11
4.1.1 国际船舶产业向东亚转移 ................................................................ 11 4.1.2 交通条件改善 .................................................................................... 11 4.1.3 国家扶持政策的出台 ....................................................................... 12 4.2 舟山船舶工业对外贸易发展的挑战 ......................................................... 12
4.2.1 国际造船新标准的不断升级 ........................................................... 12 4.2.2 造船能力过剩矛盾日益突出 ........................................................... 13 4.2.3 船东延期交船、撤单可能性大 ....................................................... 13 4.2.4 船舶出口成本提高 ........................................................................... 14 5 促进舟山船舶工业外贸持续健康发展的措施建议 ..................... 15 5.1 促进船舶专业人才队伍建设 ..................................................................... 15 5.2 加大科研开发和技术改造投入 ................................................................. 15 5.3 完善产业预警机制 ..................................................................................... 15 5.4 鼓励船舶企业整合内外资源 ..................................................................... 16 5.5 鼓励骨干企业加快建立现代造船模式 ..................................................... 16
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舟山市船舶工业发展对外贸易策略研究【毕业作品】
