3.1 课时作业
Ⅰ.用括内单词的适当形式填空 1．Watch him ________.(close)
2．Mary felt cold, so she stood ________ to her mother.(close) 3．Large amounts of money ________ spent on the disease.(be) 4．There ________ a large amount of work for us to do.(be)
5．Drinking can affect personality; people might bee angry or ________ while drinking, for example.(mood)
6．She worked hard to be more ________ independent.(finance) 7．All their clothes are in the storage ________.(lock)
8．When tired and unhappy I have no energy for ________.(chat) 答案：1.closely 2.close 3.were 4.is 5.moody 6．financially 7.locker 8.chatting Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Four－Year－Old Boy Bees Queen Elizabeth's Pen Pal
London, England: A four－year－old boy has bee a pen pal of Britain's Queen Elizabeth. Tom Stanbe started exchanging letters with the queen after he set free a balloon, carrying his name and address, at a school party and it landed on the grounds of Windsor Castle.
The queen spotted the balloon and asked her personal assistant, Angela Kelly, to write a letter on her behalf.
She wrote: “The queen was delighted to find that your balloon had traveled all the way to the gardens at Windsor Castle.”
Tom, who proudly put the letter on his wall, wrote back to say that his great, great grandfather, the artist Petrus Johannes Arundzen, had been missioned(受委托) to copy Dutch masters on display at Windsor Castle and Buckingham Palace.
Angela at once replied that she would contact the Royal Collection to find out what had happened to the art works. She kept her word and two weeks later wrote to Tom to tell him what had happened to the etchings,_explaining they now form part of the print collection in the Print Library.
Angela then asked a favor of Tom, writing: “Would you be able to ask your Mummy and Daddy for me if they know anything more about your great, great grandfather? Royal Collection would love to know more about him.”
Along with his parents, Tom wrote back to fill in all the gaps about Petrus Johannes Arundzen.
Although Tom's parents don't think there will be any more letters exchanged between the pair, they were touched that she had taken time to contact them.
Tom's father said: “I don't expect we'll get another one, but I think it's incredible they bothered replying at all.”
1．What is Windsor Castle?
A. A playing ground. B. The queen's home. C. A post office. D. A rose garden.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由文章中的“Tom Stanbe started exchanging letters with the queen after he set free a balloon, carrying his name and address, at a school party and it landed on the grounds of Windsor Castle.”及下一自然段可知本题选B。
2．What does the underlined word “etchings” mean? A. Photos. B. Paintings. C. Postcards. D. Cartoons. 答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据文章中的“Angela at once replied that she would contact the Royal Collection to find out what had happened to the art works.”及上一自然段可知本题选B。
3．How does the queen know the boy? A. By chance occurrence. B. By exchanging letters.
C. By letting go the balloon. D. By the queen's secretary.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句及第二段内容可知，女王知道这个小男孩纯属偶然，故A项正确。
4．Tom's parents ________.
A. feel very much shocked about the letters and refuse to answer them
B. try to deal with the friendship naturally but refuse to do anything about it C. don't take the matter very seriously but somehow feel good at heart
D. don't think this friendship will last long but still look forward to new letters 答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由文章的倒数第二自然段可知本题选C。
B
Research on friendship has established a number of facts, some interesting, some even useful. Did you know that the average student has 5—6 friends, or that a friend who was previously an enemy is like more than one who has always been on the right side? Would you believe that physically attractive individuals are preferred as friends to those less ely, and is it fair that physically attractive defendants are less likely to be found guilty in court? Unfortunately, such tidbits don't tell us much more about the nature or the purpose of friendship. In fact, studies of friendship seem to implicate more plex factors.
For example，one function friendship seems to fulfil is that it supports the image we have of ourselves, and confirms the value of the attitudes we hold. Certainly we appear to project ourselves onto our friends; several studies have shown that we judge them to be more like us than they(objectively) are. This suggests that we ought to choose friends who are similar to us rather than those who would be plementary. In our experiment, some developing friendships were monitored amongst first－year students living in the same hostel. It was found that similarity of attitudes(towards politics, religion and ethics, pastimes and aesthetics) was a good predictor of what friendships would be established by the end of four months, though it has less to do with initial alliances—not surprisingly, since attitudes may not be obvious on first inspection.
There have also been studies of pairings, both voluntary(married couples) and forced(student roommates), to see which remained together and which split up. Again, the evidence seems to favour similarity rather than plementary as an omen(预兆) of a successful relationship, though there is a plication: where marriage is concerned, once the field has been narrowed down to potential mates who e from similar backgrounds and share a broad range of attitudes and values, a degree of plementary seems to bee desirable. When a couple are not just similar but almost identical, something else seems to be needed. Similarity can breed contempt, it has also been found that when we find others obnoxious(不愉快的), we dislike them more if they are like us than when they are dissimilar!
The difficulty of linking friendship with similarity of personality probably reflects the plexity of our personalities: we have many facets and therefore require a disparate(全异的) group of friends to support us. This of course can explain why we may have two close friends who have little in mon, and indeed dislike each other. By and large, though, it looks as though we would do well to choose friends(and spouses) who resemble us. If this were not so, puter dating agencies would have gone out of business years ago.
5．Research on friendship has demonstrated that ________. A. every student has five or six friends
B. judges are always influenced by a pretty face
C. ugly people find it harder to make friends than beautiful people D. we tend to grow fond of people if we dislike them at first sight
答案与解析：C 细节判断题。外貌难看的人发现自己很难像外貌漂亮的人那样与他人交友。第一段第三句“physically attractive individuals are preferred as friends to those less ely”，外貌好的人比之不好的人易受人青睐，所以选C。
6．Studies of friendship have indicated that in seeking friends we ________. A. are looking for sympathy
B. insist on them having similar attitudes as ours C. think they resemble us more than they really do D. want to be flattered
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。我们往往会过分地认为他们和我们相像。第二段指出，人们似乎喜欢把自己设想成处于其朋友们的境况，因而过分地认为他们和自己相像，所以选C。
7．The experiment conducted on students living in a hostel suggested that ________. A. in the long run, people get on better with those who are like them B. it was impossible to predict which friendships would develop
C. students immediately recognized others with similar attitudes and interests D. students split up as soon as they discovered differences in attitude
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。从长远的观点看，人们与自己习性相像的人相处较好。第二段最后一句指出，观察表明，四个月之后，学生间的友谊关系才能确立，而且具有相同的经历、兴趣和观点的人之间更能建立友谊，所以选A。
8．Which of the following best illustrates the major view of the passage? A. Birds of a feather flock together. B. Opposites attract each other. C. Great minds think alike.
D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。物以类聚，人以群分。根据全文的阐述，其中心思想是：具有较为相同的经历、兴趣和观点的人之间往往容易建立友谊，所以选A。
Ⅲ.七选五阅读
NOISE
The people who lived in Rome 2,000 years ago were already talking about the noise in their city. They couldn't sleep, they said, with all the people and carriages in the streets. For them noise was only a trouble, but for us it has bee a real danger. We know that sounds of an ordinary city are loud enough to cause serious harm to the people's hearing—in the United States, one person out of twenty has suffered some hearing loss. __1__ It has increased greatly in the 20th century with the development of machines. We live surrounded by loud planes, trucks, buses, radios, machines—that make such loud noises day and night up to 90 or 100 decibels(分贝). A usual talk reaches 55 decibels. A jet plane goes to 100 decibels and more. “Pop” music reaches around 118 decibels. At 120 decibels the ear stops hearing sound, and the ear suffers a lot.
However, the human ear does not judge clearly the degree of loudness of a noise. A sound ten decibels louder than another one is felt as twice as loud, when, in fact, it is ten times louder. __2__ But it is not only our hearing that is harmed. It has been known that loud noises, over a period of time, cause loss of sleep, anger, and many other problems. __3__ Can anything be done to make our world more quiet? We know how to build quieter machines, if the public wants them. But shop assistants say that people who buy motorbikes like the loudest ones because they sound more loudly. __4__ In America the drivers in some cities are fined(罚款) fifty dollars for honking (打喇叭); they may lose their right to drive if they do it again. People who carry noisy radios in public places may lose them if they are caught with them.
__5__ Even so, say the scientists, in twenty years the cities will be twice as loud as they are today because of the increase of the population. People will have to shout to be heard at the dinner table. Unless, of course, they have all bee pletely deaf!
A. Some countries are trying to make laws. B. People will bee pletely deaf in the future.
C. When a sound is getting louder and louder, our ears are in danger.
D. In fact, it will take everybody's hard work to keep city noises from increasing.
E. Since we cannot measure the increase or decrease of noise, we never know in what danger we are.
F. And all over the world the situation is getting worse all the time since noise increases with the population.
G. Such problems have been found among factory workers, and people who operate loud machines, or often go to pop music concerts.
答案：1.F 2.E 3.G 4.A 5.D
高中英语外研版选修6-3.1(2)
