专题检测卷(二十五) 阅读理解 第一节
(建议用时: 25分钟) A 体裁 说明文 题材 机器人的应用 词数 382 IMAGINE that your parents have bought you the most advanced robot. He looks like a real person. He talks to you and plays with you. He can even think for himself and figure out what you need.
It may feel as if you have a considerate new brother who keeps you company all the time. But come to think of it, can you really trust him?
Ever since the first robot was created decades ago, scientists have obsessed(迷
恋)over the task of making robots more like humans. However, as they have gotten closer to that goal, doubts have grown. According to the BBC, Japanese robot designer Masahiro Mori argues that the more lifelike robots become, the more humans feel a connection to them. But once they become too similar to humans, people begin to feel uncomfortable.
This theory is what led to the creation of a brand new robot in Switzerland earlier this month. Roboy, as the new machine is called, has various human-like abilities such as hand-shaking and bicycle-riding, but instead of a skin-like covering, Roboy is wrapped in shiny white armor that clearly indicates its robot status.
“As long as people can clearly see that the robot is a machine, even if they project their feelings into it, then they feel comfortable, ”Rolf Pfeifer, the creator of Roboy from the University of Zurich, Switzerland, told the BBC. But the problem that people have with robots is not just with the way they look. It also has to do with the roles that they play in our lives.
A survey last year of European Union countries showed that 88 percent of those interviewed agreed that robots are “necessary as they can do jobs that are too hard or dangerous for people”, such as space exploration and war fighting. But when it comes to taking care of children, 60 percent of respondents said that robots should not be allowed to participate, because as robots become more sophisticated(先进的), parents may be tempted to hand over too much responsibility to them.
No matter what, robots will soon enter our homes, Pfeifer said. What is not yet clear is whether they will act more like servants who work for us or companions who live with us. 1. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To introduce the newly-invented robot, Roboy. B. To discuss problems related to designing robots.
C. To explore the roles robots will play in our future lives. D. To argue what kinds of robots appeal to people more. 2. Why did Pfeifer make Roboy look like a robot? A. To better protect it.
B. To make it look cool and modern.
C. To distinguish it clearly from a human. D. To keep its price down.
3. According to the second-to-last paragraph, most of the people interviewed . A. welcome robots into their homes
B. believe robots are useful for certain dangerous tasks
C. think families with children shouldn’t use robots for housework
D. are afraid that children will become less responsible if robots take care of them 4. Which best describes the author’s tone in the article? A. Objective. B. Critical. C. Admiring. D. Anxious. B
(2013·马鞍山模拟) 体裁 议论文 题材 孩子的教育 词数 312 When my son was just learning to talk, I carried him around the house in my arms and pointed out things to him. “Look, David, a clock. ”He’d smile and point as I did and say “clock”. David was quick at connecting the shape of things to their words.
When my son was about four years old, I walked with him to the backyard. I knew that there was an ant colony under one of the slate stones in the walkway near the shed, so I said to David, “Come on. I want to show you something. ”
As I showed David the ants that were crawling around the slate stone, he crouched down on his legs and looked with great intensity at the ants.
For days after that, David wanted to look under every rock in the garden, and we often found worms, ants and so on. I recognized that David loved to look at things closely and observe how things moved, and so I continued to point things out to him as he grew older: planes, cars, shells etc. . David was a keen observer, and I just gave him the suggestions as to where to look.
Today David is a medical doctor at Columbia University Center. I did not know that David would someday be a doctor, someone who has to pay close attention to what he sees, and yet I felt compelled when he was a boy to encourage his enthusiasm for observation.
That is what teachers and parents do: encourage a child’s enthusiasm for a particular interest: music, swimming, art, reading. And we provide tools for the children. If a child likes to draw, give him brushes, pens, and paper. If a girl likes to tap on the table top, give her a drum. If a child wants to sing, give him a microphone and a Frank Sinatra recording.
5. The author wrote the passage to . A. recall the happy times he spent with his son B. tell us that children are full of curiosity C. tell us how to let children love nature
D. advise us to develop children’s interest or talent 6. The author showed David the ants to . A. prevent him from becoming bored B. develop his enthusiasm for observation C. teach him some new words D. arouse his interest in creatures
7. Which of the following can best describe the author’s viewpoint? A. Make children have their own hobbies.
B. Teach children to be independent as soon as possible. C. Satisfy children’s interest by possible means. D. Hobbies can determine one’s future.
8. The underlined word “intensity” in the third paragraph probably means“ ”. A. hatred B. fear C. curiosity D. doubt
C
(2013·北京模拟) 体裁 记叙文 题材 生活哲理 词数 252 At a physics conference dinner with my husband Alex, I sat next to a man I’ll call Clayton. Clayton kept talking about himself all through the entire conversation: he had solved problems no one else could; only his views were right; other researchers’ work was inaccurate or unimportant. I could not put in a word. Extremely annoyed, I planned to avoid Clayton in the future. In fact, I decided never to have another conversation with him.
A few days later I was in an education class. Our professor explained how one child could become the target of the other students’ ridicule(讥笑).
“Usually it’s because the class sees their own weaknesses glaringly magnified(放大)in that student. They don’t want to admit they have the same weakness, so they ridicule and exclude the student. The behavior of both the class and the excluded student is caused by personal insecurity. ”
As I took notes, suddenly I thought of Clayton. It struck me that I have many of the same faults. How easily I rule a conversation and leave others out. I, too, sometimes feel that only my opinion is right. My concerns or work easily seems most important. As my professor had described, I reacted negatively to someone in whom I experienced my own weakness.
I changed my mind. Instead of avoiding Clayton, I’ll try to listen patiently with the same kindness and acceptance that I need.
9. The writer was extremely annoyed with Clayton partly because . A. he said not all his views were right B. he wouldn’t let her put in a word C. he kept silent all through the dinner D. he was too particular about the food 10. Who said the words in Paragraph 3? A. Clayton.
B. The writer’s husband. C. The writer.
D. The writer’s professor.
11. The fourth paragraph was written to show . A. why the writer changed her mind B. how the writer was annoyed
C. when the writer had her education D. what weakness the writer had
12. We can infer from the last paragraph that . A. the writer will see other people more positively B. Clayton will not rule a conversation any longer C. the writer will try to avoid talking with Clayton D. Clayton will find out he has his own weakness 【拓展训练】
1. 阅读A篇文章, 回答下列问题。
(1)What is the best title of the passage? (no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________ (2)What do most people think of robots?
__________________________________________________________________ (3)Translate the following sentence into Chinese.
As long as people can clearly see that the robot is a machine, even if they project their feelings into it, then they feel comfortable.
__________________________________________________________________ 2. 阅读B篇文章, 回答下列问题。 What do the first two paragraphs tell us?
__________________________________________________________________
答案解析
【文章大意】机器人越来越多地参与了人们的工作和生活, 我们能一直信任它们吗?
1. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。随着科技的发展, 机器人越来越多地参与了人们的工作和生活。本文主要探讨了两个问题: 其外观设计与人类太相似让人感到不舒服; 其功能设计上应该是servants还是companions? 故正确答案为B。
2. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第四段可知, 设计者们故意把机器人的外壳设计成白色的亮闪闪的装甲, 从而非常清楚地表明它是机器人。distinguish A from B把A和B区分开来。
3. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。从倒数第二段可知, 大部分被采访的人认为在一些高危或艰苦的工作环境下应该使用机器人。但是他们不赞成让机器人带孩子, 因为这样有可能让父母把过多的责任移交给机器人, 这也许是不安全的, 所以B为正确答案。
4. 【解析】选A。观点态度题。作者在文章中没有明确地表达自己的观点, 只是客观地阐述, 故选A。 【文章大意】作者通过描述自己对孩子的培养经历, 说明了培养孩子兴趣的重要性。 5. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。通过本文作者强调了要培养孩子的兴趣。
6. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段可知, 作者让儿子看到蚂蚁是为了培养孩子善于观察的热情。
7. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。通过文章最后一段, 作者强调孩子表现出什么样的兴趣, 父母和老师就应该尽力去培养这个兴趣。
8. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据文章第三、四段可知, 儿子从那次看到蚂蚁之后就喜欢上了观察, 因此说明他当时是充满好奇地去看蚂蚁。
【文章大意】古语说, “以人为鉴, 可明得失”。教授的话使作者在Clayton身上看到了自己的一些缺点, 于是她改变了以前的想法, 不回避Clayton, 而是耐心地听他说话。
9. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句和第三句可知, 由于Clayton一直谈论着自己, 作者插不上话, 所以对他非常厌烦。
10. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的“Our professor explained how one child. . . ”可知, 第三段的话是出自那个教授之口。
11. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。第四段讲述了作者在听教授的课时发现自己与Clayton有很多相同的毛病, 这就是她决定改变自己想法的原因。
12. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 为了改正自己的缺点, 作者不是回避Clayton, 而是耐心去倾听他说话, 由此可推知作者会用更积极的眼光去看待他人。 【拓展训练】
1. (1) Are Robots Our Friends?
(2) They think robots are necessary as they can do jobs that are too hard or dangerous for people.
(3) 只要人们清醒地认识到, 即使人们将情感投入到机器人身上, 但它还是一台机器, 人们就会感到舒服一些了。
2. How the author developed his son’s enthusiasm for observation.
(通用版)【高考专题辅导】高考英语专题检测卷(二十五) 阅读理解(第一节)
