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2020年高考英语考点解读+命题热点突破专题11特殊句式

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专题11 特殊句式

【考向解读】

特殊句式为高中阶段学生应该掌握的基础语法,在近年的高考试卷中,都会出现这方面的考查的试题。尤其是省略句、 强调句、倒装句、主谓一致、There be 句型、感叹句、祈使句等方面。其中省略句、强调句、主谓一致是考查的重点。 具体掌握这些句式的结构、分析这些句式的构成是十分重要的。除此之外,感叹句主要考查what和how的选取,倒装句主要考查其在高考书面表达中的应用。所以在高考备考中, 该部分内容仍需要重点掌握,以便有充分的能力应对高考。

【命题热点突破一】 倒装句

例1.【2016·江苏】34.Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.

A. they had encouraged C. did they encourage 【答案】C

B. had they encouraged D. they encouraged

【变式探究】(2015·高考天津卷,T3)Only when Lily walked into the office ________ that she had left the contract at home.

A.she realized B.has she realized C.she has realized D.did she realize

解析:考查部分倒装。句意:直到莉莉走进办公室时,她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。“only+状语从句”位于句首表示强调时,主句用部分倒装语序。由walked可知此处用一般过去时。故选did she realize。

答案:D

【举一反三】 (2015·高考江苏卷,T28)It might have saved me some trouble ________ the schedule. A.did I know B.have I known C.do I know D.had I known

解析:考查虚拟语气在倒装句式中的应用。句意:要是早知道时间表的话,可能会省去我一些麻烦。由句意和might have saved可知,句子用了虚拟语气。本句表示与过去事实 相反的情况,故从句谓语用had known。if引导的非真实条件句中含有were,had,should时,可将它们提到主语之前,并将if省略。

答案:D

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最新教育教学资料精选

【命题热点突破二】强调句

例2.(2016·天津,13)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ________ the coach picks up tourists.

【答案】that 【解析】句意:你等错地方了。长途汽车来宾馆接游客。本题考查强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他。本句中at the hotel是被强调部分,缺强调句式中的that,故填that。

【举一反三】(2015·高考重庆卷,T9)Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognized.

A.while B.though C.that D.after

答案:C

【变式探究】

(2015·高考湖南卷,T21)It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

A.which B.that C.where D.how

解析:考查强调句型的判定。句意:是我们快要回家的时候,我才意识到了帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙!强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部 分”。若将It is/was与that/who去掉,句子成分仍然完整,那 么该句就是强调句。经判断,When we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.句子成分完整,由此可以断定本句是强调句,空格处应用that。

答案:B

【易错警示】强调句型可以用来强调主语、宾语和状语等,但不能强调谓语。所强调的成分可以是单词、短语,也可以是从句,但结构必须完整。强调人时可用who或that,强调其他内容时只能用that。

【命题热点突破三】主谓一致 1.语法一致

主语后跟有with,together with,as well as,like,but, except,along with,rather than,including,in addition to等引起的短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。

Mr.Smith,together with his wife and daughters,is going to visit Beijing this summer. 最新教育教学资料精选

最新教育教学资料精选

史密斯先生和他的妻子、女儿们今年夏天将要一起参观北京。 Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday. 昨天仅完成了60%的工作。

About one third of the books are worth reading. 这些书中大约有三分之一的书值得一读。

One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are black people.

三分之一的国土被树覆盖,而且大多数的公民是黑人。 (3)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数. To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. 早睡早起是一个好习惯。

What he has said leaves much for us to think about. 他说的话发人深省。

(4)表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常当作整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式。 Twenty years is a long time in one’s life. 二十年在人的一生中是很长的一段时间。 20,000 dollars is not a small sum of money. 两万美元不是一笔小数目。

例3.(2015·高考湖南卷,T27)It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and

often ________ years to achieve. A.is;takes B.are;takes C.are;take D.is;take

答案:A

【变式探究】

All we need________a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year. 最新教育教学资料精选

最新教育教学资料精选

A.are

B.was

C.is D.were

解析:考查主谓一致和时态。句意:我们所需要的就是一小块地而已,在那里我们可以在整个作物生长期内栽种各种 各样的果树。根据空格后的a small piece of land可知, 本句 谓语动词的数应该是单数,因为当all,all of,half of,the rest of,most of及“百分数或分数+of”等后接名词作主语时,

句子谓语动词形式根据其后的名词而定,所以排除are和 were。而根据句中的All we need可知,这里说的是现在的事实,所以用一般现在时,故排除was,所以选择C项。

答案:C

【命题热点突破四】省略 1.状语从句的省略

在时间、让步、方式、地点等状语从句中如果状语从句的 主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it,而且状语从 句的 谓语中有be动词,可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。

2.不定式的省略

(1) 不定式作动词expect,refuse,mean,like,love,prefer,wish,hope,want等的宾语时,常承前省略不定式后的内容,但保留不定式符号to。

(2)当不定式在形容词glad,happy,pleased,delighted,anxious等后作状语时,to后的内容常承前省略。

例4.(2015·高考北京卷,T31)If ________ for the job,you’ll be informed soon. A.to accept B.accept C.accepting D.accepted

答案:D

【变式探究】

(2015·高考湖南卷,T24)Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands. A.to leave B.leaving C.leave D.left

解析:考查省略句。句意:如果落在不合适的人的手中,电子游戏就会有一个很坏的影响。leave的最新教育教学资料精选

最新教育教学资料精选

逻辑主语是video games,主语video games与leave之间是被动关系,故用过去分词.if left...是“连词+过去分词”构成的状语从句的省略.

答案:D

【高考真题解读】

1.(2016·新课标Ⅱ,50)It could be anything—gardening,cooking,music,sports—but whatever it is,________(make)sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.

【答案】make

【解析】句意:它可以是园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动等任何事情,但是,无论它是什么,务必保证它是让你释放压力而不是让你担忧的事。句中动词短语置于句首,构成祈使句,故用动词原形。

2.(2016·天津,13)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ________ the coach picks up tourists.

【答案】that

3.【2016·江苏】34.Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. A. they had encouraged C. did they encourage 【答案】C

【解析】句意:直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首时,主句要使用部分倒装。故C项正确。

1. (2015·高考天津卷,T3)Only when Lily walked into the office ________ that she had left the contract at home.

A.she realized B.has she realized C.she has realized D.did she realize

解析:考查部分倒装。句意:直到莉莉走进办公室时,她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。“only+状语从句”位于句首表示强调时,主句用部分倒装语序。由walked可知此处用一般过去时。故选did she realize。

答案:D

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B. had they encouraged D. they encouraged

2020年高考英语考点解读+命题热点突破专题11特殊句式

最新教育教学资料精选专题11特殊句式【考向解读】特殊句式为高中阶段学生应该掌握的基础语法,在近年的高考试卷中,都会出现这方面的考查的试题。尤其是省略句、强调句、倒装句、主谓一致、Therebe句型、感叹句、祈使句等方面。其中省略句、强调句、主谓一致是考查的重点。具体掌握这些句式的结构、分析这些句式的构成是十分重要的。除此之外,感叹句
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