人教版高中英语必修四
Unit 4课时跟踪练(一) Warming Up & Reading — Pre
reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited. About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seemed all at_sea and looked embarrassed. No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.
Learning the language of a country isn't enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head at another to show that he doesn't agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will most probably leave you thirsty.
语篇解读：文章以一个小故事作为开头，向我们介绍了英国人的乘车习惯，并进一步向我们介绍了不同国家肢体语言的内涵。 1．The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way, because the gentlemen ________.
A．were foreigners C．made a loud noise
B．didn't have tickets D．didn't line up for the bus
【解析】选D 细节理解题。由第一段的“No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus that ... on the bus.”可知，英国人因为这三位外国人没有排队而将他们推到一边。
2．According to the article, if you want to have a pleasant journey in a foreign country, you should ________.
A．learn the language of the country
B．understand the manners and customs of the country
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人教版高中英语必修四
C．have enough time and money D．make friends with the people there
【解析】选B 细节理解题。由第二段第二句话“If you want to have a pleasant ... your host country.”可知，当我们到国外旅行时，应该对目标国的风俗有所了解。
3．What does the underlined phrase “at sea” probably mean? A．Tired. C．Pleased.
B．Disappointed. D．Confused.
【解析】选D 词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的一句话可知，这三位外国人对英国的风俗并不知情，由此可知，当他们面对英国人当时的反应时会感到迷惑。
4．In India it is considered impolite to________. A．use the right hand for passing food at table B．pass food with the left hand C．eat food with your hands D．help yourself at table
【解析】选B 细节理解题。由第二段的“A visitor to India would do well ... left hand for passing food at table.”可知，在印度用左手递食物被认为是不礼貌的。
B
Car companies such as Tesla and Nissan have been leading the way in electric car technology. What makes these cars “green” is that because they run on electricity instead of gasoline, they do not give off any polluting greenhouse gases. The Toyota Mirai is also a kind of green car, since it is powered by a hydrogen fuel battery (氢燃料电池)．
Hydrogen, as you know, exists in large quantities on the earth. It was used to power gaslights for centuries before electric lights came along. Hydrogen fuel can be made from many sources including solar,
natural gas and even rubbish. In terms of energy contained, 9.5 kg of hydrogen is equal to 25 kg of gasoline. According to Toyota, the two tanks on the Mirai hold 5 kg of hydrogen, and can cover a distance of over 300 miles. This is twice the output of gasoline cars.
In a hydrogen fuel battery, the one proton (质子) and one electron in a hydrogen atom are broken up. While the electrons power the car, the positively-charged hydrogen proton combines with the oxygen atom to produce water. The process also produces a lot of heat which turns this water into water vapor. This is the reason that cars running on hydrogen fuel batteries give off water vapor from their exhaust pipes when running.
According to Toyota, it takes only 5 minutes to refill a hydrogen tank, which is much quicker than charging electric cars. However, the biggest challenge for the company is the
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人教版高中英语必修四
availability of hydrogen-charging stations. California and the New England states are in the process of building a hydrogen superhighway — with charging stations along the way. Countries like Germany, Japan and the UK are also adding more charging stations.
The Toyota Mirai began to be available in the US in the second half of 2015 for $57,500. This hydrogen-fueled car will probably take the place of gasoline cars in the near future. After all, it is an energy-saving and environment friendly car.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了丰田公司推出的一款新能源汽车——Mirai。 5．According to the passage, hydrogen ________. A．is a newly-discovered energy source B．can only be made from limited sources
C．provides more energy than an equal amount of gasoline D．will soon become the main fuel for most of Toyota's cars
【解析】选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In terms of energy contained, 9.5 kg of hydrogen is equal to 25 kg of gasoline.”可知，同等量的氢比汽油所提供的能量更多，故选C。
6．The third paragraph is mainly about ________. A．how the Toyota Mirai works B．why hydrogen is very popular
C．advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen D．the components of a hydrogen fuel battery
【解析】选A 段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要讲述的是丰田推出的这款利用氢燃料电池来驱动的Mirai汽车是如何工作的，故选A。
7．What can we learn about the Toyota Mirai? A．It runs on both gasoline and hydrogen.
B．It has become a great threat to other electric cars. C．It gives off only a few polluting greenhouse gases. D．It may sell well with more charging stations around.
【解析】选D 推理判断题。根据文中多处提及的该车的优点和第四段中的“the biggest challenge ... the availability of hydrogen-charging stations”可知，如果将来能够配备足够多的充气站，那么该车的销量可能会很好，故选D。
8．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A new wave of green cars B．The benefits of electric cars
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人教版高中英语必修四
C．Tesla：a leading car company D．Hydrogen: a future energy source
【解析】选A 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了丰田公司推出的一款新能源汽车——Mirai。这款利用氢燃料电池来驱动的汽车有着诸多靠汽油驱动的汽车所不具备的优点，故A项作文章标题最恰当。
C
Louis Sachar is the author of more than 20 books that are loved by children, parents and teachers. You might recognize his name from the series of Wayside School books or Marvin Redpost books. You might also know him as the author of the Newbery Award-winning book Holes.
As successful as Louis Sachar is at writing funny, touching books, he didn't always know he wanted to be a writer. He remembers enjoying writing in school. In college he studied the Russian language. He spent some time as a teacher's helper when he was in college and found he really enjoyed working with young people. Even after his experiences teaching and working with children, Sachar still hadn't decided what career he wanted to have. After college he attended law school and got a law degree several years later. About ten years later, after writing several books, Sachar finally felt that his books were successful enough for him to write full time.
Sachar spends two hours writing each morning when he feels most fresh. He likes to be alone when he writes, except for the company (陪伴) of his two dogs. He tries to remember what it was like to be a child and to use these feelings in his books. He also uses his teaching experiences, as well as his daughter's life.
Sachar doesn't sit down with an organized plan when he starts a new book. Instead he starts with just a seed (萌芽) of an idea, maybe a character trait (个性特征) or a funny event. He starts writing and finds that writing produces more ideas.
Sachar doesn't worry about perfecting his story the first time around. In fact, he may write his story five or six times before he sends it to the publisher.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章介绍了儿童作家Louis Sachar。 9．What do we know about Sachar's writing career? A．He studied writing in college.
B．He wrote about young people in school. C．He didn't decide to be a full-time writer at first. D．He didn't start writing until he became a teacher.
【解析】选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As successful as Louis Sachar ... he
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人教版高中英语必修四
wanted to be a writer”， “Even after his experiences ... he wanted to have”， “About ten years later ... to write full time”等内容可知，Sachar一开始并没有想成为一名全职作家。
10．What might be a source of ideas for Sachar's stories? A．His two dogs. B．His childhood life. C．Other authors' books. D．His lawyer experiences.
【解析】选B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He tries to remember what it was like to be a child and to use these feelings in his books”可知，Sachar的写作灵感之一来源于其儿时经历。
11．Which of the following describes Sachar's writing habit? A．He writes with his daughter around. B．He starts with an unclear plan. C．He feels most fresh at night. D．He writes all day long.
【解析】选B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sachar doesn't sit down with an organized plan when he starts a new book”可知，Sachar开始创作一本新书时，脑海中并没有一个清晰的写作计划。
12．What might Sachar do after he finishes a book for the first time? A．He keeps on improving it. B．He starts writing another one.
C．He asks friends to check it for mistakes. D．He sends it to the publisher for perfection.
【解析】选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Sachar往往会对其书籍的初稿进行五、六遍的润色。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Questions to Ask Before Getting Your Child a Cellphone
At what age should you get your child a cellphone? __1__ However, before you decide to add your child to your family plan, ask yourself these questions.
__2__ If you and your child are not often apart beyond school hours, a cellphone may not be a
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英语人教版必修4：Unit 4 课时跟踪练(一) Warming Up Reading Pre-reading含解析
