医学专业英语1-4单元术语解释、短语和课后习题答案

Chapter 1

Human Body as a Whole

Medical Terminology

Learn the following combining forms, prefixes and suffixes and write the meaning of the medical term in the space provided. 1. a hormone secreted from the adrenal gland 2. inflammation of the adrenal gland 3. pertaining to medicine 4. pertaining to biology 5. pertaining to chemistry 6. pertaining to the blood vessel 7. pertaining to cells 8. pertaining to molecules

9. pertaining to the medicine of the living thing 10. the study of the living thing

11. pertaining to the physics of the living thing 12. the study of the heart 13. the disease of the heart 14. the record of the heart waves

15. the study of the human inner secretion from glands 16. pertaining to the production of hormone 17. the study of inner gland secretion 18. the red blood cell 19. the white blood cell 20. the lymph cell 21. the study of cell

22. the study of chemistry of cell 23. the study of biology of cell

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24. the study of embryo 25. the tumor of the embryo

26. the study of the disease of the embryo

27. the study of the human inner secretion from glands 28. pertaining to the inside of the heart 29. pertaining to the inside of the cell 30. above the skin 31. above the skin

32. inflammation of the skin 33. red blood cells

34. instrument of measuring red blood cells 35. to breathe out the waste gas

36. to drive somebody or something out 37. to spread outside

38. sth that produces diseases 39. the study of blood 40. blood cells 41. the study of tissues 42. the study of tissue pathology

43. therapy treatment, hence tissue treatment 44. pertaining to the base 45. pertaining to the toxin 46. pertaining to symptoms

47. the study of body’s auto protection from diseases 48. protected from

49. deficiency in the immune system of the body 50. substance from the adrenal gland 51. water from it

52. the study of societies 53. the study of urinary system

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54. the study of cell 55. lymph cells

56. tumor of the lymphatic system 57. the study of the lymphatic system 58. the study of physical growth 59. a doctor of internal medicine 60. treatment by physiological methods 61. the new growth ,tumor 62. the study of mind

63. abnormal condition of the mind

64. the study of the relationship between psychology and biology 65. a condition of over activity of the thyroid gland 66. the condition of under activity of the thyroid gland 67. the inflammation of the thyroid gland

68.cutting apart the human body as a branch of medical sciences 69. cut open the bone 70.to cut the heart open

71. pertaining to the blood vessel 72. inflammation of the blood vessel

73. pertaining to the lymphatic system and the blood vessel

Key to the Exercises B.

1. （embryo）embryology 2. (process/condition) mechanism 3. (heart) cardiovascular 4. (color) chromatin 5. (secretion) endocrinology 6. (cell) cytology

7. (sth. that produces or is produced) pathogen 8. (lymph) lymphatic

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9. (the study of) psychology 10. (pertaining to) regular

Language Points:

put together组成 known as 叫做 joints between bones关节

to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body牵动骨骼肌引起各种运动 hip joint髋关节 flexible有韧性的 cushioning缓冲 replaced by bone 骨化

one bone moves in relation to the other两骨彼此靠近产生运动 contents物质 nourishment营养物质 function发挥功能 waste products废物 accumulate积聚 poison the body危害生命 distributes运送 needed materials有用的物质 unneeded ones废物

is made up of包括 protect…against foreign invaders防止外来侵袭（See! Power Point） identical对等的 receives吸收 traveled through流经 forced out压送 reenter流入 directly直接地 channels 管道 filters过滤 larynx喉管 trachea气管

two lungs左右肺 very large number of 大量的 air spaces肺泡 release释放出 extending 延伸到 broken down分解

absorbed into吸收进 chewing咀嚼 esophagus食管

Key to the Section B Passage 1 Exercises B.

1. (The skeletal system consists of bones, joints and soft bones.)

2. (Heart is generated when muscles are contracted, which helps keep the body temperature constant.)

3. (The circulation of blood carries useful materials to all body cells while removing waste ones.)

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4. (Oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled in the process of respiration.) 5. (The digestion of food involves both mechanical and chemical procedures.)

6. (The urinary system keeps normal levels of water and of certain chemicals in the body.) 7. (The pituitary is a major gland located under the brain in the middle of the head.) 8. (The brain collects and processes information and then sends instructions to all parts of the body to be carried out.)

9. (The main function of the male reproductive system is to generate, transport and keep active male sex cells.)

10. (The largest of the body’s organs, the skin protects the inner structure of the body with a complete layer.)

Key to the Section A Passage 1 Exercises E.

1. cardiovascular diseases 2. function of the pituitary 3. the urinary tract 4. molecules 5. artery 6. endocrinology 7. dyspnea / difficulty in respiration 8. saliva

9. histology 10. blood circulation 11. hematology 12. physiology

13. anatomy 14. the female reproductive 15. nervous cells 16. immunology 17. indigestion / poor in digestion 18. voluntary muscle 19. embryology 20. psychology

Section B, Passage 2 Cells and Tissues Language Points

Organized组（构）成 arranged in to构成 in turn are grouped into又进一步组成 serves its specific有特定的 bear in mind记住 result from源于 billions亿万 determind确立 fit on合在一起 by contrast相比之下 machinary机构

while normally在正常情况下 function with great efficiency高效地发挥作用

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