高考冲刺高中英语语法——状语从句精讲
1. ______ Apple gave no sales figures for its recently released Apple Watch, it did say the current quarter was off to “an exciting start”.
A. When B. While C. As D. Because
2. China has sent 158 engineers to Tibet _______ they can restore telecommunication facilities destroyed by Saturday’s earthquake.
A. so as to B. such as to C. so that D. such that
3. China confirms PLA to take part in Russia's Victory Day parade, ______ unexpected terrible things happen.
A. when B. because C. before D, unless
【答案揭晓】BCD
一、 状语从句的定义
关键词：状语，修饰，位置，引导词 状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词和句子等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。 1.When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. 2.Tom, unless he is supported by a kinder, can't afford to go to Xiamen University. 3.The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.
状语从句根据它们的含义分为时间.地点.原因.目的.结果.方式.让步.条件.比较等九种。
时间 when, whenever, as, since, till, until, before, after, as soon as, once, the moment, immediately, the day, no sooner … than, hardly/carcely… when, the minute, the second, every/each time 地点 Where, wherever, everywhere
条件 if, unless, providing/provided that, as/so long as, on condition that, suppose/supposing that, in case, only if
原因 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that, in view of the fact that(鉴于)
让步 though, although, even if/though/, as, while, whatever, wherever, whoever, however, no matter +wh词， for all that, granting/granted, whether … or, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that 比较 as…as, not the same as, not so…as, than
方式 as, as if/though/ the way
目的 that, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest 结果 so that, so… that, such … that
二、 状语从句的分类
（一）时间状语从句 1. when, while & as
Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as / when / while father was away in France. When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
【解析】as / when / while引导的从句中的谓语动词 was away，was walking 是持续性的状态和持续性动作，三者可互换，特别注意的是while 引导的从句中的动词必须是持续性的！
I was halfway back to the hospital when Susan caught up with me.
One Friday, we were packing to leave, when my daughter heard cries for help. He was about to leave when the telephone rang
We were on the point of watching TV when suddenly the lights went out. Tom was going to have dinner when the door was opened. 【解析】由以上从句中的黑体动词，如 caught up with, heard, rang, went out, was opened可以看出，when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以为短暂性动词，这里不能跟while互换；此外 be about to, be on the point of doing, 和 be going to 经常跟when（=at that time) 连用成固定搭配。 The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases． .Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry. The little girls sang as they went．
【解析】as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。
注： I' ll phone you again when I get home. 主 谓 宾 状 时间状语从句
I don't know when I'll see her again. 主 谓 宾语从句
I’ll never forget the years when（=in which) I lived with the Tibetans. 主 状 谓 宾 定语从句（修饰the years) 【解析】由这三句句式结构的分析，分别可以得出这三个复合句的类型。
2. 一.......就
(1) as soon as, once
一Do you mean we are almost running out of food?
一Yeah. As soon as the canned and frozen foods are used up.
Once the new software is installed, customers will be able to place orders over the Internet. (2) immediately, directly
I recognized her immediately I saw her. I came directly I got your message.
【解析】immediately, directly在这些例句中是做连词用，相当于as soon as，而不是起副词的功能。
(3) the moment, the minute, the instant
I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice the minute I picked up the phone. He said he'd phone you the moment he got home. The instant I saw him, I knew he was the man from the restaurant. 【解析】这几个名词短语起连词的功能，相当于as soon as,切记在前面不能在添加任何的介词，如 at the moment。
(4) no sooner...than, hardly/scarcely...when He had sooner arrived than the trouble started. =No sooner had he arrived than the trouble started
He had hardly finished his speech when the audience started cheering. Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering. 【解析】在这两个句型当中得注意两点：一是否定词放句首引起主句部分倒装；二是全句的时态经常是用过去完成时，when引导的从句常用过去式。
3. every/each/any time, the next time, the first time, all the time
Every time/ Each time my father comes to Beijing, he goes to visit the Monument to the People's Heroes with respect.
Any time you are in trouble, just turn to me for help..
He'd let me down more than once so the next time he asked me for a favour , I gave him the brush off. The girl still remembers that she was too nervous the first time she gave a speech in the face of such a big crowd. All the time I'm thinking, we are all obsolete.
【解析】这几个名词短语起连词的功能，切记在前面不能在添加任何的介词，如 at any time 等。 4 . before
The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won in the end. 【解析】before意为“在......之前......”，根据句意可译为“过了多久后才.....” She left the company before I could have a word with her . 【解析】before意为“在......之前......，” 根据句意可译为“来不及； 尚未.......就.....” The fire was finally brought under control, but not before heavy damage had been caused. 【解析】before意为“在.......之前.......，”解题时要关注主从句动词的时态。 I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long， but it’ll still be some time before Brian gets back. It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position . It was three days before he came back. . 【解析】before 常用于以下句型：
It will (not ) be +时间段+ before….表示“要过多久/ 不久…才…”
It was not long + before …表示“不久就….” It was +时间段+ before …表示“过了多久才…”
5. since
The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to its lowest level since records began in 1971. 【解析】since从句中的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。
高考冲刺高中英语语法——状语从句精讲
