1．read this article 看这篇文章 2．here and there = everywhere 到处 3．care for = look after = take care of 照顾
4．give some advice to … 提出一些建议给……
5．set one’s mind to sth. 集中精力于……; 用心于…… 6．protect nature 保护自然 7．wash away 冲走
8．blow away 吹走；刮走 9．turn into = change into 转变成
10．die out 灭绝；绝迹
11．stop / prevent …(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事 12．keep…from doing sth. 阻止……做某事 13．move toward… 朝……移动 14．cut down 砍倒
15．run away 跑走; 流走 16．cut off 中断
17．on the earth 在地球上
18． be in danger of (doing) sth. 处于做某事的危险中 19．destroy/ harm/ pollute the environment 破坏/损害/污染环境 20．have a quiet life 过着平静的生活 21．plenty of 大量的 22．come to realize 开始意识 23．have a clean-up 大扫除
24．one after another 一个接着另一个 25．on recycled paper 在再生纸上 26．enter the competition 进入比赛
27．offer one’s suggestion 提供某人的建议 二、重点句型
1． But the government has done something useful to protect the environment.
但政府为了保护环境已做了一些有益的事。
2． We shouldn’t leave rubbish here and there/ everywhere.
我们不应该到丢弃垃圾。
3． Don’t step on the grass or pick the flowers around us.
不要践踏我们周围的草坪和采摘花朵。
4． Everyone should care for /look after/ take care of wild animals and plant more trees. 每一个人都应当保护野
生动物并且多种树。
5． We should do everything we can to protect the environment.
我们应尽一切努力保护环境。
6． Nothing is difficult if you set your mind to it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
7． The wind is blowing strongly with lots of sand. 风夹着沙子猛烈地刮着。 8． They are dying out because of all kinds of pollution. 由于各种污染，他们正濒临灭绝。
9. It caused Harbin City to cut off its water supply for five days. 它导致哈尔滨市断水5 天。
10. Some things we’ve done are very good, while some are not good for the earth. 我们所做的一些事情对地球有益，然而有一些却对地球有着负面影响。 11. As a result, many rivers and lakes are dead now. 结果，现在许多河流湖泊失去生机。 三、 重点语言点
1. It says that China has become the world’s largest producer and user of coal. 它（文章）写到中国已经成为世界上最大的煤炭生产和消费国。
sth. + says that… 此句型中主语是事或物，say表用“文字、数字”说明信息。如： It says “ Happy New Year!” on the card. 卡片上写着“新年快乐！”。
The clock says that it is 20:00 now. 这面钟显示现在是20：00。
2. As we know, none of us likes pollution. 众所周知，没有人喜欢污染。 none与no one 的区别：
a) none “全无”，既可指人也可指物，后常跟of 的短语; 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数；
no one只指人，后不能跟of 的短语; 作主语时，谓语动词只用作单数。如： He has read none of these books.（指物）这些书他一本都没看过。
None of my friends like/ likes drawing.（指人）我的朋友们没有一个喜欢画画。 No one is here. 没有一个在这儿。
b) none回答how many/ much的问题；no one回答who的问题。 如： A: How many students come to school by taxi? B: None. 有多少的学生搭出租车来上学？ 没有人。 A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None. 瓶子里有多少水？ 一点儿也没有。 A: Who is in the room? B: No one. 谁在房中？没有人。
3． It has become a big problem recently.最近它已经成为一个严重问题。 recently“到目前为止；近来”，常用于现在完成时。如：
I haven’t heard from him recently. 最近，我没收到他的来信。
She has read some books on history recently. 最近她看了一些有关历史的书。 4． When it rains, the soil will be washed away.下雨时，土壤就会被冲走。 will be +过去分词为一般将来时的被动语形式。如：
The earth will be blown away by the wind. 泥土将会被风刮走。（被动语态） = The wind will blow away the earth. 风将会把泥土刮走。（主动语态）
5．A lot of rich land has changed into desert, leaving only sand.
许多肥沃的土地已经变成了沙漠，留下的是遍地黄沙。
a) change… into… = turn… into… 把…..(转)变成….. 如： Please change/ turn English into Chinese. 请把英语变成汉语。 When the traffic lights change/ turn into green, we can go.
当交通灯变成绿色时,我们就可以通行。
b) leaving only stand现在分词短语作状语, 表伴随。如： The children went away, talking and laughing. 孩子们说着、笑着离开了。
The girl is looking for her mother, crying loudly. 这个女孩大声地哭着在寻找她的母亲。
6．Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. They can also prevent the sand from moving toward the rich
land. 树可以防风固土，也可阻止风沙吹进良田。
Trees can keep water from running away. 树可以防止水土流失。
stop / prevent sb. /sth. (from ) doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事 keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事
7. Although we have built the Great Green Wall, we still need to work hard to protect the environment. 尽管我们
已经建了绿色长城，我们仍需要致力于保护环境。 although 连词，表“虽然； 尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though 但比though正式。不能与but同时连用。如：
Although the question is difficult, he can still answer it. 尽管这个问题很难，他仍能回答上它。
9． And some animals are in danger of disappearing completely.
= And some animals are in danger of dying out. 一些动物濒临灭绝。 in danger of ( doing ) sth. 处于做某事的危险中； 如：
They are in danger of losing their lives. 他们正处于失去生命的危险中。
9. You may either take a bus or a taxi. 你们可能搭公车去或者是搭出租车去。
a) either…or… “要么……要么……; 或者……或者……” 并列连词,连接对等结构;连接主语时,根据就近原则。如：
You may come either today or tomorrow. 你要么今天来，要么明天来。 We can either sing or dance. 我们可以唱歌或者跳舞。 Either you or he is right. 要么你对，要么他对。
b) either 单独使用时，是代词，表“二者之一”既可指人也可指物；用作主语时，谓语动词用作单数。如： A：Ｗould you like coffee or tea? B: Either is OK 你想要咖啡还是茶？随便都可以。
Either of us is right. 我们俩中有一人是对的。 四、重点语法
不定代词和不定副词： (一) 不定代词：
指人：someone/ somebody anyone/ anybody no one/ nobody everyone/everybody 指物：something anything nothing everything （二）不定副词
指地点：somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere （三）用法：
1． some-复合代词/副词常用于肯定句；如：
I saw someone in the room. 我看见房间里有人。 There is something in the woods. 树林里有什么东西。
He has gone somewhere warm for his holiday. 他去暖和的地方度假了。 2． any-复合代词/副词常用于否定句或疑问句；如：
I didn’t see anyone in the room. 我没看见有人在房间里。 There isn’t anything in the woods. 树林里没有什么东西。
He hasn’t gone somewhere warm for his holiday.他没去暖和的地方度假。 3． no- 复合代词/副词表全否定；如：
I saw nobody in the room. 我看见房间里没有人。 There is nothing in the woods. 树林里没有什么东西。 4． every- 复合代词/副词代替全部；如：
Everyone is here. 大家都在这儿。
It seems he knows everything. 似乎他知道一切。
※ some-复合代词/副词用于疑问句中时，表希望得到对方的肯定回答或表请求；如：
Would you like something to drink? 你要点喝的东西吗？ ※ any-复合代词/副词用于肯定句时，表“任何”；如：
If people spit anywhere in public, they should be punished. 如果人们在公众的任何地方吐痰，他们应该受罚。 ※ 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；如：
No one knows this secret. 没有一人知道这个秘密。 Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。
※ 如果有定语修饰,定语应放在不定代词或不定副词后；如：
I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事告诉你。 There is nobody strange here. 这儿没有一个陌生人。
※ no= not any → nobody = not anybody; nothing = not anything
She didn’t say anything. = She said nothing. 她什么也没说。 There is nobody strange here.= There isn’t anybody strange here. 这儿没有一个陌生人。
Topic 3 Let’s be greener people.
一、重点词汇 （一）词形变换
1. organization(动词) organize 2.recycle(动名词) recycling 3. follow(形容词) following 4.electricity(形容词) electric 5. move(名词) movement 6. quick(副词) quickly 7. environment(形容词) environmental 8. protect(名词) protection （二）重点词组
1. environmental protection 环境的保护 2. work for… 为……工作 3. spread message about… 宣传有关……
4. reduce the waste/ air pollution 减少浪费/ 空气污染 5. both sides of … ……的两面
6. rather than (是)……而不是…. 7. not only…but also… 不仅…….而且…… 8. save money/ energy/ electricity 省钱/ 能源/ 电 9. be supposed to do sth. 应当做某事 10. travel a short distance 短途旅行
11. put…into… 把……放入…… 12. take up a lot of space 占据许多空间 13. produce power from… 从……获得能量 14. run the car 发动汽车
15. push…forward /up /down 推…….向前/向上/向下 16. power machines 发动机器
17. produce electricity by doing sth. 通过做某事发电 18. the movement of water 水的流动
19. be used for doing sth 被用作做某事 20. take a quick shower 快速淋浴 21. make a short journey 短途旅行 22. pick the litter up 捡起垃圾 23. try harder 再努力
24. produce a short oral report 作一个简短的口头报告 二、重点句型
1．Let’s be greener people. 让我们做环保使者吧。
2．…my main job is to help spread message about protecting the environment.
我主要的工作是帮助做有关保护环境的宣传。 3．It’s kind of you to do that. 你那样做真是太好了。
4．Would you like to be a greener person? 你想成为一名绿色使者吗？ 5．Easier said than done. 说得容易，做得难。
6．Actions speak louder than words. 百说不如一干；事实胜于雄辩。 7．Of all the rubbish, about 35 percent can be recycled while the rest can’t.
在所有的垃圾里，大约35%能被回收，但剩余的则不能。 8. They work well, but they are slow and can’t run for long.
他们行驶得很好，但他们行驶很慢并且不能远距离行驶。 三、重点语言点
1. We all know that you’re working for some organizations that protect the environment. 我们都知道你在
为环保组织工作。
work for… 表“为……工作”
He works for a foreign company in Shanghai. 他在上海为一家外资公司工作。
2. We should use both sides of paper, and reuse plastic bags rather than throw them away. 我们应该把纸的两面
都使用，将塑料袋再次使用而不是轻易扔掉。
a) both 修饰复数名词；而 either 修饰单数名词； 如： There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road.
= There are a lot of trees on either side of the road. 在路的两边有许多树。 b) rather than 表“（是）……而不是”;连词, 连接对等结构, 相当于instead of如: I like coffee rather
than tea. = I like coffee instead of tea. 我喜欢咖啡而不是茶.
He likes listening to music rather than/ instead of singing. 他喜欢听音乐而不是唱歌.
He wants to go today rather than/ instead of tomorrow. 他想今天走而不明天.
I did my homework rather than watched TV. = I did my homework instead of watching TV. 昨晚我做作业了而不是看电视.
但rather than位于句首时, 后跟动词原形,它不受句中谓语动词的时态影响。如： Rather than do it by myself, I didn’t ask for help.
宁可自己干, 我没请人帮忙。
3. Everyone is supposed to do it. 每个人都应该那样做。
be supposed to do sth.指（按规定、习惯、安排等）应当做某事；必须做某事；相当于should; 用于否定句时，表“允许”； 如：
Teachers are supposed to/ should know a lot. 老师应该知道很多。 You are not supposed to smoke here. 这里不允许抽烟。 4. First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.
首先，当你离开房间的时候，应该随手关灯。
ought to 情态动词, 表 “应该; 应当”; 语气比 should 强;指道义上应该做的事,有时含有责备或督促的语气。should 指主观上感到有责任或义务去做。如：
You ought to help your mother do some housework.你应该帮你妈妈做些家务。 We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。 其否定式和疑问式：
You oughtn’t to get up so late in the morning.你早晨不应该起这么晚。 Ought I to tell her the bad news? 我该告诉她坏消息吗？ Yes, you ought. No, you oughtn’t. 四、重点语法
并列句：是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成的句子，连词前可用逗号，也可不用逗号。 1．表示并列关系，常用连接词有and, not only…but also…等。如： His father is a teacher and his mother is a doctor. 他的父亲是一位老师，母亲是一位医生。
Mr. Green can not only drive a car but also repair it. 格林先生不但会开车而且还能修车。
2．表示转折，常用连词有but, while等。如： I bought my sister a present, but she didn’t like it. 我给妹妹买了一件礼物，但是她并不喜欢。
Tom does housework every day while his sister does nothing.
仁爱英语九年级上册语言知识点汇编
